铁-镁-铝无机复合脱色絮凝剂的制备与应用研究

以铁、镁、铝盐为原料制备出一种高效新型复合絮凝剂(PFMA)。研究了该絮凝剂对染料溶液的脱色效果。试验结果表明,PFMA是一种性能优良的无机高分子絮凝剂,对多种染料溶液均具有很强的脱色效果,其脱色性能优于传统的絮凝剂——聚合氯化铝、聚合硫酸铁和硫酸铝。絮凝机理研究结果表明,PFMA的絮凝既有羟基架桥作用,也有压缩双电层和吸附电中和作用。     

Role of hydrogen bond capacity of solvents in reactions of amines with CO2: A computational study

Various computational methods were employed to investigate the zwitterion formation,a critical step for the reaction of monoethanolamine with CO₂,in five solvents(water,monoethanolamine,propylamine,methanol and chloroform) to probe the effect of hydrogen bond capacity of solvents on the reaction of amine with CO₂ occurring in the amine-based CO₂ capture process.The results indicate that the zwitterion can be formed in all considered solvents except chloroform.For...     

中国东部岩石圈向东增生的三次大型裂解及地球物理场特征

中国东部构造演化,自1200Ma以来曾发生过两次碰撞、三次裂解。并有向东增生的构造岩浆地体。资料表明:①从中国大陆向东至日本、台湾均为人陆型地壳;②中国东部及西太平洋大陆板块的各微板块之间地壳结构不同;③裂解带的形成是由于热点和地幔对流导致大陆解体;④裂解带均显示出高重力正异常,上地幔顶部波速低、具低速层、高热流区的“裂谷垫”性质;⑤增生的构造岩浆地体同位素组成、微量元素与洋中脊玄武岩的性质有较大差异,裂解带的岩浆为大陆地幔的特征;⑥上地幔特征及岩浆分融、分异均显示出横向不连续。也显示山化学边界层和热边界层的不连续。     

Photocatalytic decolourization of reactive dyes

The photocatalytic degradation of reactive dyes with solar-irradiated TiO2 was investigated in these experiments which showed that: (1)the decolourization efficiency are determined by pH value, catalyst amount and light intensity; (2) the reactive dyes decolourized rapidly (cleavageld be biologically degradated more easily, the toxicity decreased considerably after photodegradation.The results demonstrated that the photocatalytic process would become an efficient and safe method for colour wastewater treatment and would be very useful for explaining the reaction mechanism and decolourising structure-reactivity relationship. of the azo linkage), but the intermediates needed more time to transform to further degradation products, and finally to produce CO2; (3) the main products were identified to be alkanes and alkyl amines which cou     

氟化氢对水稻和青菜产量的影响

利用开顶式熏气装置,对水稻和青菜进行长时间的HF暴露试验。通过在熏气过程中对叶片电导率、含氟量和脯氨酸的分析比较,以及在熏气结束后对水稻穗数、千粒重和青菜鲜重的生物量统计测定,讨论和评价了HF对该作物产量的影响。     

固定化混合菌处理高盐含油废水

对固定化微生物的除油性能进行研究,结果表明:以甘蔗渣和海绵为载体的固定化微生物的除油效果比游离状态的微生物除油效果好。甘蔗渣的最佳投加量为20 g/L(干重),最佳固定化条件为:固定化时间为36 h、pH为6、温度为40℃,在最佳固定化条件下菌种接入废水24 h后,除油率达62%;海绵的最佳投加量为5 g/L(干重),最佳固定化条件为:固定化时间48 h、pH为7、温度为35℃,在最佳固定化条件下菌种接入废水24 h后,除油率达75.8%;以甘蔗渣为载体的固定化微生物在处理时间为108 h时,除油率达最高为84.5%,以海绵为载体的固定化微生物在处理时间为96h时,除油率达82.4%。     

Ammonium removal pathways and microbial community in GAC-sand dual media filter in drinking water treatment

A GAC-sand dual media filter (GSF) was devised as an alternative solution for drinking water treatment plant to tackle the raw water polluted by ammonium in place of expensive ozone-GAC processes or bio-pretreatments. The ammonium removal pathways and microbial community in the GSFs were investigated. The concentrations of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate nitrogen were monitored along the filter. Total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) loss occurred during the filtration. For 1 mg ammonium removal, the TIN loss was as high as 0.35 mg, DO consumption was 3.06 mg, and alkalinity consumption was 5.55 mg. It was assumed that both nitrification and denitrification processes occur in the filters to fit the TIN loss and low DO consumption. During the filtration, nitritation, nitrification and nitritation-anaerobic ammonium oxidation processes probably occur, while traditional nitrification and denitrification and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification processes may occur. In the GSFs, Nitrosomonas and Nitrospira are likely to be involved in nitrification processes, while Novosphingobium, Comamonadaceae and Oxalobacteraceae may be involved in denitrification processes.     

新疆生产建设兵团土壤环境质量状况研究

通过测定新疆生产建设兵团土壤中13种重金属元素以及3种有机物含量,计算单项污染指数并对各采样点土壤污染程度进行分级。结果表明,新疆生产建设兵团土壤总体上末受明显污染。     

改性凹凸棒石处理痕量硝基苯废水

研究了用聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（PDMDAAC）改性凹凸棒石对微污染水中痕量硝基苯的吸附性能、影响因素及其再生后吸附效果。结果表明：PDMDAAC改性凹凸棒石对微污染水中痕量苯酚具有较强的吸附能力,在pH＝8、硝基苯浓度为50μg／L、投加量为5g／L、吸附时间30min的条件下,吸附去除率达73％;改性后的凹凸棒石可用碱进行再生,再生后对硝基苯的吸附能力没有明显下降;改性凹凸棒石的等温静态吸附曲线呈线性关系。     

含铬电镀废水回收铬黄实验

在含铬电镀废水中加入硫化钠、碳酸氢钠和双氧水去除铜及其它杂质,再利用氢氧化钠和盐酸调节pH值,最后加入过量的硝酸铅制成铬黄。实验结果表明,温度和硝酸铅加入量对铬黄的生成有显著的影响。当反应温度为60℃,硝酸铅的添加量为0.05g/mL时,铬黄的生成量最大。在此条件下,100mL废水中能回收4.8g铬黄,铬的回收率为97.1%。