3种高级氧化体系处理氯苯及其稳定中间体

在运用芬顿(Fe2+/H2O2)、亚铁离子活化过硫酸钠(Fe2+/PS)和碱活化过硫酸钠(NaOH/PS)3种氧化体系处理典型污染物氯苯(CB)时,发现了3种氧化体系在氧化CB过程中对氯苯酚中间体(4-CP)产生量存在较大差异.探究了氧化剂用量对3种氧化体系降解CB及中间体4-CP的影响,通过总有机碳和游离氯离子浓度变...     

典型涂料制造企业VOCs排放量核算与排放特征分析

采集了上海地区8家不同类型的涂料制造企业中不同生产环节有组织排放的废气样本,分析其VOCs组分特征和活性VOCs物种,并应用3种实际排放量核算方法计算企业的VOCs年排放量,分析了其与排污许可排放量的关系。结果表明：1)涂料制造行业排放废气的特征组分为芳香烃、OVOCs、卤代烃,占全部VOCs质量浓度的56.2%~99.1%,乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、4-乙基甲苯、间/对二甲苯、甲苯、甲乙酮是涂料制造行业VOCs排放的典型物种;2)基于MIR值法的计算结果,芳香烃和OVOCs是涂料制造行业排放VOCs的主要活性组分,累计OFP贡献率达36.0%~99.8%,其中,4-乙基甲苯(52.1%)、氯乙烯(48.1%)、乙酸丁酯(47.9%)、乙酸乙酯(42.6%)、间/对二甲苯(41.3%)是各类涂料工艺废气中OFP贡献率最高的物质,除苯系物、乙酸酯类化合物外,氯乙烯、甲乙酮、四氢呋喃也是涂料制造过程中值得关注的活性物质;3)涂料制造企业车间的有组织废气VOCs排放量占全厂VOCs排放量的75.0%以上,其次是实验室废气,VOCs排放量为3.5%~16.8%。在VOCs实际排放量核算中,使用实测法的核算结果与物料衡算法接近,且计算简便,在正常运行时均低于许可排放限值;而产污系数法所核算数值较许可排放限值更高,在现阶段可作为一项惩罚性计算方法。     

吸附法净化工业VOCs的研究进展

挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)是大气中PM2.5及O3的关键前体物,大多易燃易爆,部分属有毒有害物质,会造成大气环境污染,有损人群健康.吸附法因简单高效及低成本等优点被广泛应用于VOCs的净化.综述了工业VOCs的类型及特点,分析了影响VOCs吸附净化效果的主要因素,如吸附材料、吸附剂物化参数(比表面积、孔结构、表面官能...     

A comparison analysis of the decoupling carbon emissions from economic growth in three industries of Heilongjiang province in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Growing environmental pressure urges China to develop in a sustainable and low carbon way, and thus China strives to achieve a carbon peak by 2030 and...     

TiO2 photocatalytic degradation of PCBs in soil-water systems containing fluoro surfactant

Titanium dioxide-mediated photodegradation of Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in soil/aqueous systems with added fluorinated surfactant was investigated. PCBs can bind tightly to organic matter in the soil, especially in aged, contaminated soil. Experiments showed an effective PCB photocatalytic degradation in mixed systems of soil/clay with anionic fluorinated surfactant FC-143 and TiO2. The FC-143 surfactant is stable in this photochemical process. PCB degradation rates in samples followed the order: spiked clay > spiked soil > Hudson River bank soil. The results suggest that anionic fluorinated surfactant may form semimicelles and/or admicelles on the surface of positively charged TiO2. The hydrophobic surface of TiO2 can provide a nonpolar phase that acts as a partioning medium for hydrophobic PCBs. Therefore, PCBs in soil can be released to the semimicelle and/or admicelle on the TiO2 surface and are effectively photodegraded in a dispersion containing anionic fluorinated surfactant. The combination of surfactant extraction and photooxidation forms the basis for a novel two-stage process for the removal and destruction of PCBs from soil.     

长江流域武汉段典型湖泊中微塑料的的赋存特征及生态风险评估

塑料污染在环境中具有普遍性,对生态系统具有潜在的风险性,为新兴的全球性环境问题。武汉境内江河纵横、百湖密布,是全球同纬度地区和长江中下游湖泊型湿地的典型代表。调查了武汉湖泊表层水体中微塑料的分布特征,并采用生态风险指数 (RI) 评估了微塑料的生态风险。结果表明,微塑料丰度为2 000~7 733 items·m⁻³,远城区湖泊表层水体微塑料丰度通常高于城乡结合区湖泊,中心城区微塑料丰度具有显著差异。湖泊中微塑料以纤维状为主,其次是碎片状,大小以<1 mm的小颗粒为主,主要颜色为透明和蓝色,主要成分为聚乙烯 (PE) 、聚丙烯 (PP) 和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 (PET) 。武汉市典型湖泊表层水体中MPs生态风险指数为601.5~8 954,均属于危险或高危等级,且PE、PP和PET的生态风险指数普遍较高。该研究结果可为城市湖泊中微塑料污染治理提供参考。     

Biodegradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in the presence of primary substrate by immobilized pure culture bacteria

In this study, pure strains that are capable of utilizing 2,4,6-trichlorophenol have been isolated from the mixed culture grown on substrates containing chlorophenolic compounds. Studies have been carried out on the capability of these isolated pure strains in suspended and immobilized forms to decompose 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. Additionally, the influence of primary substrates (e.g., phenol, 2-chlorophenol, 3-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol) on the decomposition of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol by the isolated pure strains grown in immobilized form is also investigated. The results are: Through bacterial isolation and identification, three pure strains have been obtained: Pseudomonas spp. strain 01, Pseudomonas spp. strain 02 and Agrobacterium spp. Whether in suspended or immobilized forms, all strains have poor removal efficiencies of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. However, addition of 200 mg/l phenol will enable the immobilized Pseudomonas spp. strain 01, and Pseudomonas spp. strain 02 to achieve 65% and 48% removal of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, respectively. Addition of phenol will assist the immobilized Pseudomonas spp. strain 02 in achieving removal of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol but the removal efficiency is not good if the phenol concentration is too low. The optimum phenol concentration should be between 200 and 400 mg/l.     

Forecasts using neural network versus Box-Jenkins methodology for ambient air quality monitoring data

This study explores ambient air quality forecasts using the conventional time-series approach and a neural network. Sulfur dioxide and ozone monitoring data collected from two background stations and an industrial station are used. Various learning methods and varied numbers of hidden layer processing units of the neural network model are tested. Results obtained from the time-series and neural network models are discussed and compared on the basis of their performance for 1-step-ahead and 24-step-ahead forecasts. Although both models perform well for 1-step-ahead prediction, some neural network results reveal a slightly better forecast without manually adjusting model parameters, according to the results. For a 24-step-ahead forecast, most neural network results are as good as or superior to those of the time-series model. With the advantages of self-learning, self-adaptation, and parallel processing, the neural network approach is a promising technique for developing an automated short-term ambient air quality forecast system.     

Dynamic characteristics of chlorine dispersion process and quantitative risk assessment of pollution hazard

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The aim of this study was to analyze dispersion behavior characteristics and pollution hazard risk after a release of liquid chlorine. A full-scale...     

Effects of green spaces on alleviating mortality attributable to PM2.5 in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Increasing research suggested that green spaces are associated with many health benefits, but evidence for the quantitative relationship between green...