塘-湿地复合生态系统处理石油化工废水的效能

应用多级塘(厌氧塘,兼性塘,好氧塘和冬季储留塘)-湿地复合生态系统对石油化工废水进行强化处理和利用,处理能力10万m3/d.结果表明,多级塘-湿地复合生态系统在寒冷地区对石油化工废水处理效果良好,最终处理单元芦苇湿地出水的COD、BOD5、TN、NH4+-N、TP和石油类物质的平均值分别可达到75.08,7.51,10.63,5.12,0.5,4.63mg/L.植物生长季节(5～10月),系统对各污染物的去除效果均优于非植物生长季节.系统中的储留塘可实现污水在冬季(11月～翌年5月)的零排放,保证全年处理效果.     

Effects of acid,acid-ZVI/PMS,Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS and ZVI/PMS conditioning on the wastewater activated sludge(WAS)dewaterability and extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)

The effects of four conditioning approaches:Acid,Acid-zero-valent iron(ZVI)/peroxydisulfate(PMS),Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS and ZVI/PMS,on wastewater activated sludge(WAS) dewatering and organics distribution in supernatant and extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) layers were investigated.The highest reduction in bound water and the most WAS destruction was achieved by Acid-ZVI/PMS,and the optimum conditions were pH 3,ZVI dosage 0.15 g/g dry solid(DS),oxone dosage 0.07 g/g DS and reaction time 10.6 min with the reductions in capillary suction time(CST) and water content(Wc) as 19.67% and 8.49%,respectively.Four conditioning approaches could result in TOC increase in EPS layers and supernatant,and protein(PN) content in tightly bound EPS(TB-EPS).After conditioning,organics in EPS layers could migrate to supernatant.Polysaccharide(PS) was easier to migrate to supernatant than PN.In addition,Acid,Acid-ZVI/PMS or Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS conditioning promoted the release of some polysaccharides containing ring vibrations v P=O,v C-O-C,v C-O-P functional groups from TB-EPS.ESR spectra proved that both radicals of SO_4~-· and·OH contributed to dewatering and organics transformation and migration.CST value of WAS positively correlated with the ratios of PN/PS in LB-EPS and total EPS,while it negatively correlated with TOC,PN content and PS content in TB-EPS,as well as PS content in supernatant and LB-EPS.BWC negatively correlated to zeta potential and TOC value,PN content,and HA content in supernatant.     

我国污水资源化存在问题及其对策

我国是缺水国家,水资源短缺严重制约着发展前景,水污染问题又使缺水状况更加突出.实施污水资源化战略可提高水的利用率,缓解部分水资源紧张问题.     

A juvenile coelurosaurian theropod from China indicates arboreal habits

Here we report an unequivocal arboreal coelurosaur, Epidendrosaurus ningchengensis gen. et sp. nov. This juvenile coelurosaur's third manual digit is extremely elongated, distinctively different from that of other known dinosaurs and birds. It represents certainly a type of adaptation previously unreported from the Mesozoic although the exact function of the third manual digit is unclear. The relatively long forelimb, penultimate phalanx of manual digit II, and pedal penultimate phalanges, are interpreted as evidence for the arboreal habit of Epidendrosaurus. Because Epidendrosaurus is more similar to advanced birds in some arboreal features than to Archaeopteryx, we suggest that the initial appearance of tree-adaptation in theropods was probably not directly related to flight but to other functions, such as seeking food or escaping from predators. Electronic Supplementary Material is available if you access this article at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00114-002-0353-8. On that page (frame on the left side), a link takes you directly to the supplementary material.     

安全的内涵和外延

通过对安全一词已有的各种描述的分析 ,运用科学学、哲学等方法 ,更广泛地探讨安全的本质 ,即从安全子系统———安全文化、安全科学、安全技术、安全经济、安全管理、安全伦理等去描述安全的内涵 ,试图消除采用简单词语定义安全的想法 ,由此引伸出安全的外延 ,从而更形象、更具体地理解和认识安全。     

无线数据传输技术在列车安全监控系统中的应用

笔者将GSM网的无线数据传输技术成功应用到列车安全监控系统中 ,系统监测数据经转储发送系统中转 ,由移动台系统实时、无线传输到基站微机系统 ,通过VC ++语言编制的软件系统实时统计分析数据 ,来监控列车运行状况 ,达到列车安全运行的目标。在列车安全监控系统中 ,不仅实现了数据无线实时传输 ,而且提高了工作效率和减轻了工作强度。在济南铁路局装车试验并广泛使用 ,表明了无线数据传输技术应用到列车安全监控系统中具有较高的可靠性和实用性     

焦化黄血盐吸收塔填料自燃原因分析

焦化黄血盐系统内的吸收塔在停产检修补充填料——铁刨花期间，经常发生铁刨花自燃现象，这是严重的事故隐患。结合武钢焦化公司黄血盐工艺特点，对其自燃原因作了详细分析，提出了避免此类事故发生的措施。     

提高炼油污水处理场排水合格率的途径

为解决炼油厂外排污水存在的问题，该厂采取了一系列措施。如：改进污水处理工艺，应用新技术、新设备，加强上游管理，以减少冲击事故。通过这些努力污水场排水合格率连续几年一直达90％以上，污水回用率达30％以上。从1994年至今，污水处理场各套设备运行基本正常，达到了很好的处理效果。     

邵阳市旅游资源的定量评价与开发

本文介绍了邵阳市丰富的旅游资源，运用专家调查法建立了评价指标体系，对市域内主要旅游资源进行了定量评价；并在初步分析本市旅游业落后原因的基础上，提出了旅游资源开发利用对策。     

山东省城市灾害与减灾对策

通过分析山东省城市化现状以及带来的城市灾害特点，总结出适合山东特点的城市减灾对策。