太湖流域水环境风险预警系统构建

从流域整体性和系统性的理念出发,调查分析太湖流域社会经济、资源开发利用等人类活动与水环境质量变化的关系,进行太湖流域水环境风险预警的需求分析,提出了太湖流域水环境风险预警系统的总体目标和结构设计,构建了包括预警方案订制、风险预警模型库和预测结果三维展示3个子系统为一体的太湖流域水环境风险预警系统,为太湖流域水环境风险评估与预警平台构建奠定基础。     

Anaerobic degradation of xenobiotic organic contaminants (XOCs): The role of electron flow and potential enhancing strategies

In groundwater, deep soil layer, sediment, the widespread of xenobiotic organic contaminants (XOCs) have been leading to the concern of human health and eco-environment safety, which calls for a better understanding on the fate and remediation of XOCs in anoxic matrices. In the absence of oxygen, bacteria utilize various oxidized substances, e.g. nitrate, sulphate, metallic (hydr)oxides, humic substance, as terminal electron acceptors (TEAs) to fuel anaerobic XOCs degradation. Although there have been increasing anaerobic biodegradation studies focusing on species identification, degrading pathways, community dynamics, systematic reviews on the underlying mechanism of anaerobic contaminants removal from the perspective of electron flow are limited. In this review, we provide the insight on anaerobic biodegradation from electrons aspect — electron production, transport, and consumption. The mechanism of the coupling between TEAs reduction and pollutants degradation is deconstructed in the level of community, pure culture, and cellular biochemistry. Hereby, relevant strategies to promote anaerobic biodegradation are proposed for guiding to an efficient XOCs bioremediation.     

南京颗粒物时间序列相关性及其成因分析研究

以南京2014年2月到5月的PM2．5、PM10日平均值和气象要素观测资料为例,根据Pearson相关系数和双尾检验显著性水平对其逐日时间序列进行相关性分析。结果表明：南京2014年2月到5月PM2．5、PM10与前2日质量浓度值呈正相关性,但两者与前3日、前4日质量浓度值都没有明显线性相关性;PM10较PM2．5相关性更强。在此基础上,从PM2．5、PM10成分来源等方面,阐述了该结论产生的原因。     

四溴联苯醚对小鼠的神经毒性

为探讨持久性有机污染物2,2’,4,4’-四溴联苯醚(BDE-47)对小鼠海马组织的神经毒性,将小鼠每日灌胃25或50 mg·kg-1剂量的BDE-47,6周后检测其记忆能力、海马组织病理学变化、蛋白激酶C(PKC)表达量和半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(caspase-3)活性。结果显示,BDE-47损伤了小鼠被动回避实验的记忆保持能力,导致海马安蒙角(CA1)区锥体细胞排列紊乱,神经元胞体体积变小,形态不规则。BDE-47对小鼠海马组织PKCα、β、γ和ζ的表达无影响,但显著上调了PKCδ和PKCλ的表达,促进了caspase-3活性。这些结果提示,BDE-47导致的海马神经毒性可能与PKCδ和PKCλ表达异常及caspase-3活性升高有关。本实验结果为进一步了解BDE-47神经毒作用机制提供了实验依据。     

根据南昌台波形资料对日本本州东南9.0级地震震源机制的研究

2011年3月11日日本本州东南发生9.0级地震(矩震级)。本课题选取了期间南昌台368个波形记录情况,对日本M S9.0级地震序列M S4.7级以上地震波形进行整理分析,通过对该区域地震P波发育情况并对波形特征形成机理进行探讨。通过研究发现:1.震群余震P波发育分布存在一定的分布特征;2.在浅震震群中,影响震群P波发育特征跟主震地质条件有关存在较大关联。     

机载设备温度试验摆放间距研究

目的 在多台产品进行温度试验时,确定高低温试验箱中产品合理的放置间距,以确保试验有效。方法 基于接触式测量,对机箱类产品的摆放间隔随温度变化进行测试,并对所有测试结果画出数据曲线,进行分析研究。结果 通过对高低温试验箱中1、5、10、15 cm放置间距的产品的温度变化情况进行测定,经过对比分析研究,最终确定了合理的放置间距。结论 经过分析研究,最终确定按照测试方案中制定的10 cm间距摆放,则整个试验过程可信度仍较高。     

安徽太平湖水库饵料生物资源及其变化研究

１９９２年１１月至１９９３年８月，对太平洋水库浮游生物和底栖动物的周年调查结果表明，该库的天然饵料资源比较丰富，与８年前的资料相比，各类饵料生物的生物量均有较大幅度的增加，饵料生物的年产鱼潜力合计约为１２５万ｋｇ，化学分析结果显示，太平湖水库目前水质状况尚好。     

地下水动态变化的成灾现象

对由人类活动引起的地下水动态变化所诱发的各种类型的灾害事件进行了分类研究;并对其成因及防治措施分别作了探讨。     

Interactions between organic flocculant PAN-DCD and dyes

Organic flocculant polyacrylonitrile-dicyandiamide (PAN-DCD) was characterized by IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra. Polar groups, such as triazine, carboxyl, amidine, carbonamide and non-polar groups, such as methylene were identified in the macromolecular chain of PAN-DCD. The flocculant effectively decolorized the examined dyes in their aqueous solutions under acid condition. By comparing the IR spectra of dyes with that of PAN-DCD and that of flocs formed, weak chemical interactions between amino in PAN-DCD side chain and sulfonic acid group in the dye molecules were observed through the formation of -NH3+ SO3(-)-, NH2+ SO3(-)- or/and =NH+ SO3(-)-. By using equilibrium dialysis technique, the hydrophobic interactions between PAN-DCD and the dyes in the binding process were also observed from the experimental results. The binding extent of PAN-DCD to dye KN-R was greater than that of MO. The addition of urea into the binding system of KN-R by PAN-DCD reduced the first binding constant K from 12.2 x 10(5) (without urea) to 3.48 x 10(5) (with urea).     

基于标准模型库的企业财务风险分析方法探析

笔者在对企业财务风险指标进行科学选取的基础上 ,利用主成分分析法和因子分析方法计算企业财务风险综合得分 ;依照所得的两种综合得分进行风险聚类 ;并以聚类结果构建企业财务风险标准模型库。该风险标准模型库形成了企业财务风险的相对静态数据参考 ,据此 ,监管部门可方便地运用模糊识别方法对企业财务数据进行风险判断和分类 ,不需对加大样本的企业数据进行重新计算 ,大大提高了工作效率。该方法综合了几种方法的优点 ,在实践中得到了较合理的分析结果。