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221.
为探讨固定床厌氧反应器(FBAR)在不同温度下的运行特性及微生物群落变化,比较了高温(50℃)、中温(35℃)、低温(4℃)3个温度阶段反应器产甲烷特性及古菌群落变化.结果表明;绝对产气量由大至小依次为高(50℃)、中(35℃)、低温(4℃),单位负荷产气量依次为中温(2.84L/OLR),低温(2.5L/OLR),高温(1.8L/OLR);甲烷含量依次为低温(74.5%)、中温(63.5%),高温(57.3%),不同温度阶段对挥发性有机酸含量变化有一定的影响.克隆文库分析表明:不同温度条件下固定床厌氧反应器内部微生物群落的丰富性存在很大的差异.定量PCR分析表明:甲烷鬃毛菌是中温和高温反应器内的优势菌,低温4℃炭纤维载体和污泥中的优势菌都是甲烷微菌.从能耗、经济效益角度分析低温条件更适合沼气发酵,而主要是以嗜氢产甲烷菌代谢途径为主. 相似文献
222.
223.
通过活性炭吸附两种不同处理方法处理后的洗毛废水。研究了活性炭的吸附容量和吸附机理。结果表明:活性炭吸附无机酸酸化处理后,废水和高分子絮凝剂处理后,废水中COD的吸附容量分别为:70mg/g和43mg/g。进一步研究发现,两种废水中小分子组分和疏水性组分的含量差异是造成活性炭吸附效果差异的主要原因。 相似文献
224.
Bioremediation is considered as one of the effective ways to deal with the pollution of natural water because of its high efficiency, low cost and causing no secondary pollution. The multiple microbial preparation is composed of bacteria that can transfer nutritive material harmless and some natural humic acid which can destroy algae. The qualified bacteria were selected, separated, and enriched from the water and bottom sediment of eutrophic lake. A field trial of bioremediation was carried out in 60 m3 of eutrophic water body in Yingze Lake of Anshan for four months. TN (total nitrogen), TP (total phosphorus), ammonia nitrogen, CODCr, and turbidity of the trial water and untreated water were measured termly. Contrastive analysis showed the mulriple microbial preparation can increase the water capacity of self-purification, decrease the turbidity, inhibit algae growth and improve water quality gradually at substantially lower cost. Thus the problem of lake eutrophication can be solved radically by bioremediation. 相似文献
225.
226.
污泥对樟子松生物量及其重金属积累和土壤重金属有效性的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用盆栽试验研究了不同剂量污泥(体积分数,即污泥体积占污泥和沙土总体积的百分比,分别为:0、20%、33.3%、50%和100%)施用于风沙土条件下,污泥剂量对樟子松幼苗生物量及其对重金属的累积和土壤中重金属有效性的影响.结果表明,在养分含量低的风沙土中,施用污泥能够显著提高樟子松幼苗生物量,最适剂量为50%;污泥剂量的增加可促进樟子松植株对重金属的吸收和累积,在最适剂量(50%)条件下,樟子松植株中Cu、Cd、Pb、Zn的累积量分别是对照(不施污泥)的18.0、8.9、17.1、11.5倍;樟子松植株重金属吸收速率顺序为:ZnCuPbCd,而迁移系数顺序为:ZnCdCuPb;土壤中有效态重金属含量随污泥剂量的增加而增加,而植株收获后土壤中有效态重金属下降幅度均小于对照. 相似文献
227.
Effect of lime application on microbial community in acidic tea orchard soils
in comparison with those in wasteland and forest soils 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lime application is a conventional technology to control acidification in tea orchard soils. We investigated the e ect of lime
application on soil microbial community diversity in the soils of three tea orchards, wasteland and forest. The BIOLOG data showed
that both the average well color development of all carbon sources and the functional diversity index increased with the liming rate in
the tea orchards and the forest, but decreased in the wasteland. The phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis showed that the structural
diversity index of soil microbial community increased with the liming rate in all the tea orchards, the wasteland and the forest. Lime
application also increased the soil-bacterial PLFA content in all the soils. Soil fungal and actinomycete PLFAs in the tea orchards
showed an increasing trend from 0 to 3.2 g CaCO3/kg application and then a decreasing trend from 3.2 to 6.4 g CaCO3/kg application.
The principal component analysis of BIOLOG and PLFA data suggested that lime application had a significant e ect on soil microbial
community structure, and land use had a greater e ect on soil microbial community structure compared to lime application. 相似文献
228.
薛建 《安全.健康和环境》2009,9(10):13-13,22
风险评价和隐患治理是中国石化HSE管理体系的基础要素和核心要素,其运行质量直接关系到HSE管理体系运行的有效性。近年来在HSE管理体系审核中发现,部分企业对此要素未能按标准的要求实施,影响了风险识别、评价和控制的充分性和有效性。 相似文献
229.
As an insufficiently utilized energy resource,oil shale is conducive to the formation of characteristic microbial communities due to its special geological origins.However,little is known about fungal diversity in oil shale.Polymerase chain reaction cloning was used to construct the fungal ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid internal transcribed spacer(r DNA ITS)clone libraries of Huadian Mine in Jilin Province,Maoming Mine in Guangdong Province,and Fushun Mine in Liaoning Province.Pure culture and molecular identification were applied for the isolation of cultivable fungi in fresh oil shale of each mine.Results of clone libraries indicated that each mine had over 50% Ascomycota(58.4%–98.9%)and 1.1%–13.5%unidentified fungi.Fushun Mine and Huadian Mine had 5.9% and 28.1% Basidiomycota,respectively.Huadian Mine showed the highest fungal diversity,followed by Fushun Mine and Maoming Mine.Jaccard indexes showed that the similarities between any two of three fungal communities at the genus level were very low,indicating that fungi in each mine developed independently during the long geological adaptation and formed a community composition fitting the environment.In the fresh oil-shale samples of the three mines,cultivable fungal phyla were consistent with the results of clone libraries.Fifteen genera and several unidentified fungi were identified as Ascomycota and Basidiomycota using pure culture.Penicillium was the only genus found in all three mines.These findings contributed to gaining a clear understanding of current fungal resources in major oil-shale mines in China and provided useful information for relevant studies on isolation of indigenous fungi carrying functional genes from oil shale. 相似文献
230.
铁铜内电解-膨润土组合工艺处理含铬废水 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究利用铁铜内电解工艺和膨润土吸附的联合作用,对含铬废水进行处理。含铬模拟废水首先经过铁铜内电解法装置,该出水再经膨润土吸附,以达到去除效果。并考察此组合工艺的各种影响因素。结果表明:(1)铁铜内电解预处理确定最佳反应参数为:铁铜用量之比为8:1,反应时间为100 min,pH值为3.0;(2)膨润土最佳吸附条件为:膨润土用量为2 g/l,反应时间为20 min;(3)在最佳反应条件下,对初始浓度分别为30 mg/l和60 mg/l的实际制革废水中的铬进行了处理,都取得较好的去除效果,其Cr(VI)去除率分别为99.54%和99.32%。 相似文献