金华生态建筑的设计

金华生态建筑是自身良性循环的绿色建筑物,有3个特点,即屋顶覆土种植或养殖或设太阳能装置,地下设有以净化生活污水为主要目的沼气净化池,墙体垂直绿化,这三者缺不一可,但可单项利用,它有节土,节水,节能和经济,环境,社会产益协调统一这两大优点。     

浙江省农业生物灾害的现状、趋势及减灾对策

病虫草鼠是农业的主要生物灾害。本文分析了浙江省农业生物灾害的现状和今后农作物重大病虫害的发生趋势,提出了农业有害生物的控制对策。     

Photodegradation of bisphenol Z by UV irradiation in the presence of beta-cyclodextrin

In this work, the formation of the inclusion complex of bisphenol Z (1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)cyclohexane, abbreviated as BPCH) with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) has been studied, 1:1 inclusion complex can be obtained, the formation constant of the beta-CD/BPCH complex is 5.94x10(3)M(-1). The photodegradation behavior of BPCH was investigated under monochromatic UV irradiation (lambda=254 nm). The photodegradation rate constant of BPCH in aqueous solutions with beta-CD showed a 9.0-fold increase, and simultaneously the mineralization of BPCH can be enhanced by beta-CD. The influence factors on photodegradation of BPCH were also studied and described in details, such as concentration of beta-CD, initial concentration of BPCH, organic solvent and pH. The photodegradation of BPCH in the presence of beta-CD includes the direct photolysis and the photooxidation of BPCH during the photochemical process. Some predominant photodegradation products are 4-(2,4,5-trihydroxy-phenyl)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl) butanoic acid, 5,5-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pentanoic acid, meta-hydroxylated BPCH, ortho-hydroxylated BPCH and 4-(1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)pentyl)phenol respectively. The enhancement of photodegradation of BPCH mainly results from moderate inclusion depth of BPCH molecule in the beta-CD cavity. This kind of inclusion structure allows BPCH molecule sufficient proximity to secondary hydroxyl groups of the beta-CD cavity, and these hydroxyl groups could be activated and converted to hydroxyl radicals under UV irradiation, which can enhance the photooxidation of BPCH.     

中国公路交通直接能源回弹效应的长期和短期影响研究

基于2000～2018年中国31个省（自治区、直辖市）的面板数据,构建包含非对称价格效应的面板协整与面板误差修正模型,分体系对我国公路交通直接能源回弹效应的长期和短期影响进行实证研究。结果表明：长期中,公路客运交通与公路货运交通直接能源回弹效应分别为21%和62%;短期中,公路客运交通直接能源回弹效应为24%,而公路货运交通则出现了超级节能效应。公路货运交通对燃料价格的变动相较于公路客运交通更加敏感,因此公路货运交通直接能源回弹效应程度要大于公路客运交通。从直接能源回弹效应程度看,控制公路交通部门能源消费量仍应当以提高能源效率为主要手段,同时采取税收等相应的辅助措施来抑制能源回弹效应的负面影响。     

超声辐射法降解废水中的二甲苯、苯酚和丙烯腈

采用频率为20kHz的超声波处理二甲苯、丙稀腈、苯酚溶液。实验结果表明,在二甲苯初始质量浓度为27．6mg／L、H2O2质量浓度为1．68g／L、溶液温度为25℃、声强为141．32W／cm^2、辐射全程时间为60min的条件下,二甲苯降解率可达99．20％;在丙烯腈初始质量浓度为100．0mg／L、通氧量为15mL／rain、溶液温度为28℃、声强为141．32W／cm^2、辐射全程时间为30rain的条件下,丙烯腈降解率可达98．20％;在苯酚初始质量浓度为20．0mg／L、H202质量浓度为1．50g／L、FeSO4质量浓度为0．22g／L、溶液温度为28℃、声强为48．92W／cm^2、辐射全程时间为40rain的条件下,苯酚降解率可达99．81％。     

遥感在环境影响评价中的应用——以大清公路为例

本文以遥感为技术手段,利用ERl、ASⅢAGINE8.5和FRAGSTATS3.3软件针对项目区在景观总体格局和各类型斑块两个层次计算出十几种景观指数,对该区域的景观格局分布做出了较为全面的定量分析.结果表明:草地景观面积最大,斑块数最多,是评价区的基质.乔木林地在各项指数分析中均较低.文中探讨了遥感与地面调查的优缺点,得出结论:以遥感技术为手段,结合地面调查是评价区域生态环境的有效工具.     

Seismic monitoring and modelling of supercritical CO2 injection into a water-saturated sandstone: Interpretation of P-wave velocity data

This paper reports on an integrated laboratory and numerical simulation study of ultrasonic P-wave velocity response to supercritical CO₂ displacement of pore water in Tako sandstone. The analysis of dynamic velocity data recorded using an array of piezoelectric transducers mounted on a core sample showed that the P-wave velocities at different positions displayed a similar trend in time, i.e., an initial sharp fall followed by a more gradual decline. Considerable variations observed in the measured P-wave velocity reductions across the sandstone core could largely be attributed to the final state of saturation (e.g. uniform, patchy or in-between) attained by the two-phase fluids. Numerical simulation of the injection test using a simple 1D model was carried out to provide an estimation of the phase saturation changes underlying the measured P-wave velocity reductions. A second order polynomial correlation between the measured ultrasonic P-wave velocity reductions and the estimated CO₂ saturation was established. Comparison with the Gassmann velocities showed that the empirically established relationship marks a clear deviation from both the patchy and uniform saturation velocity curves.     

改性粉煤灰处理制革废水试验研究

本试验利用硫酸溶液对粉煤灰进行踟陛，研究了改性粉煤灰对制革废水的处理效果及其影响因素。试验结果表明，经酸处理后的改性粉煤灰对制革废水具有较好的处理效果。     

用萃取剂LIX84I从电子废弃物处理液中选择性萃取铜

考察了相比、水相pH、混合时间等因素对LIX84I萃取铜的影响,结果表明:这些因素对铜的萃取率都有一定的影响,最优化的条件是有机相为30%LIX84I+70%煤油、室温、相比=2:1、出口水相pH值=2.0、搅拌速度=910 r/min、萃取级数为3级,每级的时间为3 min.对铜进行三级萃取和一级反萃,可以得到符合电积要求的硫酸铜溶液,萃取率和反萃取率分别可以达到94.6%和97.8%.     

基于动态贝叶斯网络的石化装置火灾事故动态风险分析

为揭示石油炼化装置事故风险动态特性和事故情景演变路径,在对石化装置进行风险因素分析的基础上构建石化装置火灾事故故障树,基于贝叶斯网络非常规突发事故的演变过程,构建情景演变下的动态贝叶斯网络模型,在综合考虑应急措施的基础上,利用MATLAB软件和联合概率公式计算出各种事故场景的状态概率.以丙烯精馏装置火灾事故为例,结果表...