桂林毛村不同土地利用方式下土壤呼吸空间变异特征

为了研究岩溶非岩溶交错区不同土地利用方式下土壤呼吸的空间变异特征及其影响因素,在桂林毛村进行野外观测试验,测定了土壤呼吸速率、δ~(13)C-CO_2值及相应的环境、土壤、植被因子,分析了土壤呼吸的空间变异性及与这些因子之间的关系.结果表明,土壤呼吸速率变化范围为1. 39～5. 31μmol·(m2·s)-1,最高值约为最低值的3. 8倍.毛村不同岩性区下土地利用方式的变化对土壤呼吸具有重要影响,相同岩性区土地利用方式改变前G2点松树林的土壤呼吸速率约为半坡毁林后G1点沙糖桔园的2. 3倍.土壤呼吸导致大气中CO_2浓度增高及δ~(13)C-CO_2值降低,并且两者之间的统计关系可以用反比例函数来描述.结果还发现,在水热条件与全年均值较接近的4月中旬,土地利用方式对土壤呼吸的影响要大于土壤温度、土壤湿度等环境因子.土地利用方式造成的土壤有机碳含量不同是影响土壤呼吸空间变异性的关键因子.在所有观测的生态系统中,土壤呼吸与有机碳含量和全氮含量之间的关系可以用二元线性回归方程描述,并能解释土壤呼吸92. 5%的空间变异性.     

电袋复合除尘器荷电粉尘层特性实验

针对电袋复合除尘系统中的粉煤灰和氧化铝粉尘层荷电电压的动态变化进行了实验研究.结果表明,粉煤灰或氧化铝粉尘荷电后,在同一粉尘负荷下,随着电场电压的升高,粉尘层的荷电电压值(稳定值)呈现出先升高后降低的趋势;而在同一电场电压下,氧化铝粉尘层的荷电电压值明显低于粉煤灰粉尘层的荷电电压值.对荷电粉尘层的研究将有助于更好地分析...     

吉林省环境数据中心管理系统建设初探

本文简述建立环境数据中心的必要性及其在信息化建设中的地位与作用,论证了吉林省环境数据中心管理系统建立的环境基础及可行性并提出了设想和建议。     

电除尘器内臭氧产生规律实验研究

静电除尘器是一种工业除尘技术,但它的高压电源在使用中会产生臭氧,可能会对后续设备及材料造成一定的影响,研究臭氧产生规律对静电除尘器的安全使用有一定的指导意义。本文通过建立电除尘器的物理模型,以实验手段研究了电除尘器中臭氧产生与电压、风速、箱体位置的规律。结果表明,静电除尘器会产生臭氧,且臭氧浓度随着电压的增大而增大,随着风速的增大而减小,沿气流流动方向臭氧浓度逐渐增大,臭氧浓度与电压和风速成近似线性关系。     

Total suspended matter observation in the Pearl River estuary from in situ and MERIS data

Based on the cruise data collected in the Pearl River estuary (PRE) in May 2008, an empirical two-band model by using the ratio of R _rs at 629 and 671 nm was established to retrieve total suspended matter (TSM) concentration with the determination coefficient (R²) of 0.854, mean relative error (MRE) of 7.483%, and root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 1.295 mg L^???1. To match with medium resolution imaging spectrometer (MERIS) bands, in situ remote sensing reflectance was re-sampled to the bandwidth of 10 nm. The relationship between TSM and re-sampled R _rs at 620 nm (MERIS band 6) and 665 nm (MERIS band 7) are obtained (R² = 0.748, RMSE = 1.697 mg L^???1, MRE = 8.785%, n = 13). Additionally, to map the spatial distribution of TSM in the PRE, MERIS level_1B data were calibrated using a multiple linear regression model based on in situ R _rs. Another dataset collected in the PRE in January 2004 was used to validate the two-band model and also applied to map TSM distribution from MERIS image. The comparison between measured TSM values and modeled ones showed satisfactory results (R² = 0.753, MRE = 22.199%, and RMSE = 2.603 mg L^???1).     

两级序批式生物膜法对厌氧消化液的处理研究

采用两级序批式生物膜法(SBBR)处理猪场废水厌氧消化液,考察了不同类型的填料以及填料的不同组合方式对污染物的去除效果。试验结果表明:组合3(1级反应器中投加碳素纤维填料,2级反应器中投加组合填料)COD去除能力较好,可达93.7%,组合1(1级,2级反应器中均投加碳素纤维填料)NH4+-N和TN去除率最高,分别为69.2%、70.4%;此外对运行过程中的DO浓度和pH值的变化情况进行监测,DO浓度受有机物降解和硝化反应的共同影响,pH值受曝气量的影响较多。因此,可以通过DO浓度和pH值来判断反应系统中污染物的变化情况和反应所处阶段。     

铀污染土壤淋洗去污实验研究

以碳酸盐作为淋洗剂,以高锰酸钾(KMnO4)或双氧水(H2O2)为氧化剂,研究了淋洗去污修复铀污染土壤技术。实验结果表明:当碳酸根浓度为0.5 mol/L,淋洗速率为1.0 mL/min,氧化剂用量与U(IV)摩尔比为2∶1时,污染土壤中铀的去除率能够达82.4%。     

Removement of thiocyanate from industrial wastewater by microwave-Fenton oxidation method

The microwave radiation oxidation process, Fenton as catalytic agent, was used to remove the thiocyanate from the industrial wastewater. The effects of microwave power, radiation time, pH and the feeding in ways of catalyst on the degradation rate of synthetic wastewater were investigated using the microwave radiation oxidation process by orthogonal experiment. The results show Fenton catalyst ratio was 1:20, the microwave radiation power was 900 W, the microwave radiation time was 7 min and the value of pH was 3. Under the optimum conditions, the removal of KSCN can reach over 90%. The apparent kinetics of removal was studied, which conformed to kinetics first-class reaction. In short, for the thiocyanate from the industrial wastewater, microwave-Fenton oxidation method is feasible and effective.     

Health and economic impacts from PM2.5 pollution transfer attributed to domestic trade in China: a provincial-level analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In recent years, severe air pollution has had a serious impact on the health and economy of residents and has attracted great attention. Due to the...     

Removal of N,N-dimethylformamide by dielectric barrier discharge plasma combine with manganese activated carbon

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Manganese activated carbon (Mn-AC) was successfully prepared by the incipient wetness method and characterized by SEM, XRD, and FTIR. This study chose...