西南某水电站岩体质量分级研究

介绍了水利水电工程地质分类、RM R分类和Q系统分类等3种分级法的具体使用和评价标准,并以西南某水电站为例,将这3种分类方法对其坝区围岩分类的结果进行了对比和相关性分析,得出了该水电站围岩合理、科学的评价分类结果。依据此评价结果,绘出了坝区岩体质量分级图,准确显示了坝区的岩体质量特征,证实了3种分级法在该类岩体分级的适用性和统一性。在充分调查和资料掌握的基础上,对岩体工程地质分类在实际工程中的应用提出了具体的指标和实际的操作法。     

对排污权交易的现实思考

排污权交易作为一种制度,在我国尚未完全建立.在准市场机制调整之下的排污权交易市场具有比现行排污收费制度更合理之处.排污权交易制度的目的在于逐步减少污染排放,而非刺激排污.其具有的激励和资源配置功能,不仅能较好地控制排污总量,还能提供更丰富的控制污染的方法和途径.公众甚至可以直接参与对环境的管理.本文作者试图从经济学和竞争法的角度对排污权交易的现实问题作一浅显分析.     

对实验室污染问题的思考和建议

分析了目前实验室存在的污染种类及危害,阐明实验室是一种不容忽视的污染源,且污染种类复杂,毒害较大.提出实验室污染防治措施.     

论高职高专英语教学改革——我院英语分级教学探索

根据目前我院英语教学状况,英语公共课有必要改革"单一目标"的教学模式,采用多目标个性化分层教学模式,提高学生英语素质.文中具体探讨了多目标个性化分级教学模式的内涵、实施的前提条件、依据及策略.     

Use of Microbial Community to Evaluate Performance of a Wetland System in Treating Pb/Zn Mine Drainage

The performance of a wetland system in treating lead (Pb)/zinc (Zn) mine drainage was evaluated by using the polyurethane foam unit (PFU) microbial community (method), which has been adopted by China as a standardized procedure for monitoring water quality. The wetland system consisted of four cells with three dominant plants: Typha latifolia, Phragmites australis and Paspalum distichum. Physicochemical characteristics [pH, EC, content of total suspended solid (TSS) and metals (Pb, Zn, Cd, and Cu)] and PFU microbial community in water samples had been investigated from seven sampling sites. The results indicated that the concentrations of Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, and TSS in the mine drainage were gradually reduced from the inlet to the outlet of the wetland system and 99%, 98%, 75%, 83%, and 68% of these metals and TSS respectively, had been reduced in concentration after the drainage passed through the wetland system. A total of 105 protozoan species were identified, the number of protozoa species and the diversity index (DI) gradually increased, while the heterotrophic index (HI) gradually decreased from the inlet to the outlet of the wetland system. The results indicated that DI, HI, and total number species of protozoa could be used as biological indicators indicating the improvement of water quality.     

Effects of payments for ecosystem services on wildlife habitat recovery

Conflicts between local people's livelihoods and conservation have led to many unsuccessful conservation efforts and have stimulated debates on policies that might simultaneously promote sustainable management of protected areas and improve the living conditions of local people. Many government‐sponsored payments‐for‐ecosystem‐services (PES) schemes have been implemented around the world. However, few empirical assessments of their effectiveness have been conducted, and even fewer assessments have directly measured their effects on ecosystem services. We conducted an empirical and spatially explicit assessment of the conservation effectiveness of one of the world's largest PES programs through the use of a long‐term empirical data set, a satellite‐based habitat model, and spatial autoregressive analyses on direct measures of change in an ecosystem service (i.e., the provision of wildlife species habitat). Giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) habitat improved in Wolong Nature Reserve of China after the implementation of the Natural Forest Conservation Program. The improvement was more pronounced in areas monitored by local residents than those monitored by the local government, but only when a higher payment was provided. Our results suggest that the effectiveness of a PES program depends on who receives the payment and on whether the payment provides sufficient incentives. As engagement of local residents has not been incorporated in many conservation strategies elsewhere in China or around the world, our results also suggest that using an incentive‐based strategy as a complement to command‐and‐control, community‐ and norm‐based strategies may help achieve greater conservation effectiveness and provide a potential solution for the park versus people conflict.     

制备和再生方式对半焦吸附剂烟气脱硝性能的影响

以廉价的半焦为原料,利用半焦改性活化后具有孔网结构丰富、吸附催化性能好,且机械强度高等优良特性制备半焦吸附剂,采用固定床反应器进行烟气脱硝性能评价,并借助BET和TEM等手段研究影响脱硝性能的主要因素.结果表明,高压水热活化和硝酸氧化高温热处理两种改性制备方式以及热脱附、水洗和氨水洗等再生方式都能够显著影响半焦吸附剂的表面物性和脱硝性能.     

某货车侧翻水污染事件的环境损害评估方法探索

随着我国进入突发水污染事件高发期,面临的水环境形势日益严峻.为了震慑环境污染行为,保证受损的环境资源得到恢复和补偿,量化突发性水污染事件造成的经济损失显得至关重要.本文以重庆市某货车侧翻污染事件为例,构建了一套突发水污染事件环境损害的量化评估方法,并用该方法从财产损害、生态环境资源损害、应急处置行政事务投入费用和调查评估费用这4个方面量化了该事件造成的环境污染损害.     

Impacts of land use change on ecosystem service value in Lijiang River Basin,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - It is of great significance for the coordinated development of the environment and the economy to study the impact of the human driving factors of...