上海汽车制造业涂装废气VOCs排放特征

于2015年10月对上海市嘉定区4家(A、B、C、D)汽车制造企业涂装废气ρ(VOCs)和组成特征进行了调查分析。结果表明,A、B、C、D厂涂装废气排放口ρ(VOCs)总为0. 743～6. 11 mg/m~3,主要检出物和最高检出值分别为:A厂二甲苯2. 06 mg/m~3、B厂二甲苯0. 578 mg/m~3、C厂甲苯2. 59 mg/m~3、D厂庚烷0. 274 mg/m~3;芳香烃类是A、B、C厂排放比例最高的VOCs组分,烷烃类是D厂排放比例最高的VOCs组分。指出,原、辅料种类影响排放物的主要成分,废气处理工艺类型影响排放物主要成分和浓度。     

高等院校教育技术的发展思路探讨

本文阐述了高等院校教育技术的发展现状,分析了高等院校教育技术发展的特点,对高等院校教育技术的发展进行理性思考。认为高等院校应该在重视教育技术实践性和支持性研究的基础上,立足现实,更全面审视机构整合、教育信息化、信息资源库建设和教师培训这些热点问题。     

中国沿海常见棘毒鱼类的毒性研究--日本鬼(鱼由)背鳍棘中Ⅰ型毒腺细胞形成的研究

用光、电镜方法研究了日本鬼(鱼由)背鳍棘中Ⅰ型毒腺细胞的形成过程.结果表明:位于背鳍棘两侧纵沟内的毒腺组织周围有较致密的结缔组织的鞘膜包绕,该鞘膜钝性剥离后可见内面光滑,有Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型毒腺细胞的痕迹.而毒腺组织内下侧与毒棘的骨组织相连处结缔组织疏松,有许多小的梭形细胞;在梭形细胞之间及周围有新形成的幼稚腺细胞,其组织结构类似Ⅰ型毒腺细胞.透射电镜下可见该区域的结缔组织中除结缔组织的细胞及纤维成分以外,有许多大小不同的细胞,细胞单核,胞质内各种细胞器(粗面内质网、高尔基复合体、线粒体等)发达.在不同的细胞内有形态和数量不同的类似溶酶体样物质,其内涵物类似Ⅰ型毒腺细胞胞质结构.推测毒腺组织内的毒腺细胞的发生与腺体下内侧的结缔组织内的梭形细胞有关,Ⅰ型细胞由幼稚细胞发育而来.     

Preparation of rare-earth metal complex oxide catalysts for catalytic wet air oxidation

Catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) is one of the most promising technologies for pollution abatement. Developing catalysts with high activity and stability is crucial for the application of the CWAO process. The Mn/Ce complex oxide catalysts for CWAO of high concentration phenol-containing wastewater were prepared by coprecipitation. The catalyst preparation conditions were optimized by using an orthogonal layout method and single-factor experimental analysis. The Mn/Ce serial catalysts were characterized by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis and the metal cation leaching was measured by inductively coupled plasma torch-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The results show that the catalysts have high catalytic activities even at a low temperature (80°C) and low oxygen partial pressure (0.5 MPa) in a batch reactor. The metallic ion leaching is comparatively low (Mn<6.577 mg/L and Ce<0.6910 mg/L, respectively) in the CWAO process. The phenol, COD_Cr, and TOC removal efficiencies in the solution exceed 98.5% using the optimal catalyst (named CSP). The new catalyst would have a promising application in CWAO treatment of high concentration organic wastewater. Translated from Techniques and Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control, 2005, 6(2): 40–44 [译自: 环境污染治理技术与设备]     

Assessment of China's economic loss resulting from the degradation of agricultural land in the end of 20th century

Land degradation is a consequence stemming from both natural processes and social economic activities. On the bases of analyzing general situation of agricultural land degradation in China, the monetary estimating methods such as market value method and shadow engineering method were used to quantitatively assess the economic loss resulting from land deterioration. Results showed that the economic loss in 1999 was 326.8l billion RMB Yuan, which accounted for 4.1% of GDP in the same year of China. If taking five items namely farmland conversion, soil erosion, salinization, decline in reservoir functions, and siltation in waterways and, comparing with that in 1992, the percentage of economic loss to GDP has increased by 1.5 in the only 7 years.     

Mechanics Principle and Engineering Application of Split Layer and Bed Separation of Mining Overburden

<正>To control land surface subsidence caused the underground mineral exploitation and the catastrophic phenomena such as serious damage of buildings, waterbodies, cultivated lands, railways, bridges caused by land subsidence, bed separation grouting technology of overburden is put forward. To provide theoretical support for the technology, the characteristics and the mechanics mechanism of mining overburden from layer-split to formation of bed separation are studied. On the basis of elastic sheet board theory, calculation formula of rock sheet deflection is presented, and the mechanics criteria of the separation formation and the calculation formula of bed separation volume are set up. Finally, the applications and technics of bed separation grout technology of mining overburden to control land subsidence in china are introduced.     

风能资源评估系统开发与应用

开发风能资源、利用风力发电在我国虽然只有数十年，但其发展却很快，风能作为可再生的清洁能源也越来越受到重视。风能资源评估作为风电资源开发的前提，是风力机选址的关键。介绍了以Visual Basic为开发工具，利用SQL Server为数据库开发而成的风能资源评估系统的结构和特点。经实践证明，本系统缩短了风能资源评价周期，提高了数据处理可靠性。     

九龙江流域水体有机污染物背景调查方法

阐述了九龙江流域水体有机污染物背景调查的重要性和必要性,比较详细地论述了调查方案的制定方法、分析方法的确立、监测过程中的质量控制和质量保证措施等。     

生物质气化洗焦废水的预处理和微生物降解

为了对生物质气化洗焦废水进行深度处理,达到废水排放标准,采用物理过滤和微生物降解相结合的方法,对洗焦废水的原液进行处理。实验结果表明,用木屑、颗粒活性碳、微生物降解的连续步骤处理生物质气化洗焦废水,可达到理想的生物质气化洗焦废水COD的去除效果。     

利用粉煤灰处理造纸中段废水的实验研究

采用保定热电厂粉煤灰处理某小型造纸厂中段废水,考察了粉煤灰处理造纸中段废水的效果,结果表明废水pH值为12、灰水接触时间为2h、原水COD(浓度为1200mg/L)稀释3、水灰比15:1、粉煤灰粒径71～100μm,粉煤灰含碳量为15%时,造纸中段废水中COD的去除率可达到76.2%～89.7%.