Distribution of nitrogen and phosphorus and estimation of nutrient fluxes in the water and sediments of Liangzi Lake,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Water samples and sediments from Liangzi Lake were taken and used to study the vertical distribution characteristics of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus...     

Strength development of solidified/stabilized organic waste and optimum treatment design

Artificially contaminated (spiked) natural soils were solidified/stabilized using various combinations of commonly used additives, such as lime, cement, fly ash, activated carbon, and silica fume. The effectiveness of the solidification/stabilization (S/S) processes was evaluated based on experimental findings from compaction testing, unconfined compressive shear strength, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Correlations of limited reliability between unconfined compressive strength and penetrometer and torvane measurements were derived. Results from XRD experiments indicated that certain organic contaminants (i.e., naphthalene and pyrene) might impact the S/S processes for a given combination of additives. The type and amount of organic contaminants also affected the pozzolanic reactions. Specifically, the absence or small peak intensity of pozzolanic product XRD patterns for a given combination of additives was a good indication that the type and the amount of organic contaminant present inhibited pozzolanic reactions. This phenomenon was tested and confirmed for actual field-contaminated samples.     

Mechanical behavior of typical hazardous waste and its influence on landfill stability during operation

The stability of hazardous waste (HW) landfill is a major security risk to the landfill environmental safety. The mechanical behavior of waste controls many aspects of landfill design and operation, including stability and settlement issues and the integrity of geosynthetic and liner components. This study presents the results of a laboratory experiment to learn the mechanical properties of HW collected from the Hangzhou HW landfill. Measured mechanical behavior was compared with results for municipal solid waste (MSW) to assess their discrepancies. The particle size of HW was analyzed by the sieving and hydrometer methods. Because HW comes primarily from industrial plants in the form of sludge or slag, their particle sizes are generally smaller than those of MSW. This study indicates that the shear strength parameters of HW are more sensitive to the methods of testing and calculation than those of MSW. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the safety factor of a landfill is affected by the mechanical properties of HW, especially cohesion and friction angle. Because of the lower particle size and wider compression ratio, compared to MSW, an HW landfill should be taken more care in its operational procedures so as to increase its stability.     

Recycling of crushed waste rock as backfilling material in coal mine: effects of particle size on compaction behaviours

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Crushed waste rocks can be used as materials for backfilling goafs, so as to achieve the simultaneous goals of processing solid waste and controlling...     

中压加氢裂化装置危险和可操作性研究

针对中压加氢裂化生产过程存在很大的火灾、爆炸、毒害等危险性的特点，以加氢裂化反应器出口至冷高压分离器进口之间管线为分析节点，对工艺参数流量可能发生的各种偏差进行了危险和可操作性研究，找出了偏差发生的原因及可能导致的后果，提出了相应的控制措施，对提高装置的安全可靠性，预防和减少事故发生具有重要作用。     

化工园区突发水污染事故应急救援理论框架构建

针对化工园区突发水污染事故,从系统论的思想出发,从安全科学、安全管理学和安全系统工程3方面人手,全面系统地分析了化工园区突发水污染事故的应急目标、应急对象、应急方法和程序、应急管理检验与控制等应急救援理论的构成要素及其相互关系,构建了一个应急救援理论框架,为化工园区应对突发水污染事故提供了方法保障.     

青海省环境库兹涅茨验证探析

环境问题已经成为经济发展过程中必须要认真解决的问题,也是我国转变经济增长方式需要重点考虑的因素,因此,认识经济增长与环境之间的关系十分重要。环境库兹涅茨曲线从宏观尺度上探索了经济和环境之间的关系。本文通过对青海省1995—2010年的废气排放总量、工业废水排放总量和工业固体废物产生量与人均GDP进行拟合,得出环境库兹涅茨曲线分别呈倒"U"型的左半部分、"U"型+倒"U"型和倒"U"型的左半部分,发现青海省环境污染持续恶化。笔者从经济结构、能源结构、环境政策、技术进步及资金投入方面进行了分析,得出结论,并有针对性的提出了可行性建议,为相关部门决策提供理论依据。     

Characterization of Urea Encapsulated by Biodegradable Starch-PVA-Glycerol

The influence of the blending ratio of biodegradable starch/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/glycerol in encapsulating urea has been investigated. It is found that water absorption capacity increased approximately 135 % as the amounts of starch, PVA and glycerol in the composite film increase. Therefore, the swell ability of the composite film is increased and the urea is released from the composite film in the wet environment. The FTIR shows that the urea had been encapsulated successfully in the composite films. Moreover, the soil burial biodegradation results indicated that the biodegradability of the starch/PVA/glycerol/urea composite film strongly depended on the PVA proportion in the composite film matrix. The DSC results show that the higher the amount of PVA in the composite film, the less change of the melting enthalpy value. The crystalline region of PVA remains after biodegradation.     

谈安全评价及其方法

概括了安全评价的定义和作用,详细地论述了两种定量的安全评价方法——指数法和概率法,简单介绍了我国安全评价工作的发展和存在的问题。     

焦粉吸附法深度处理焦化生化废水的研究

提出利用焦粉代替常规活性炭对该废水进行二次吸附深度处理的方法.通过静态和动态连续实验研究了焦粉吸附处理焦化废水的主要工艺条件,以及吸附前后的焦粉用于铁矿石烧结过程对烧结矿成品性能的影响情况.研究结果表明.采用焦粉对焦化废水进行深度吸附处理,可以有效地脱除废水的色度和COD,使处理后废水COD≤100 mg/L,色度去除率达60%以上,深度处理后的废水达到了企业回用水质要求.焦粉掺用于铁矿石的烧结实验结果表明,吸附前后的焦粉对烧结成品矿的转鼓强度、利用系数和成品率等指标没有明显影响.