Effects of penconazole enantiomers exposure on hormonal disruption in zebrafish Danio rerio (Hamilton, 1822)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - PEN is a widely used triazole fungicide, usually used to control grape white rot. In the process of agricultural use, PEN will be scattered to the...     

Review on the treatment of organic wastewater by discharge plasma combined with oxidants and catalysts

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Discharge plasma technology is a new advanced oxidation technology for water treatment, which includes the effects of free radical oxidation, high...     

Antibiotic accumulation,growth performance,intestinal diversification,and function of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) feed by diets supplemented with different doses of sulfamethoxazole

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - To comprehensively investigate the effects of exposure to legal doses of sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), fishes were...     

A critical review on the application of biochar in environmental pollution remediation: Role of persistent free radicals (PFRs)

Biochar as an emerging carbonaceous material has exhibited a great potential in environmental application for its perfect adsorption ability. However, there are abundant persistent free radicals (PFRs) in biochar, so the direct and indirect PFRs-mediated removal of organic and inorganic contaminants by biochar was widely reported. In order to comprehend deeply the formation of PFRs in biochar and their interactions with contaminants, this paper reviews the formation mechanisms of PFRs in biochar and the PFRs-mediated environmental applications of biochar in recent years. Finally, future challenges in this field are also proposed. This review provides a more comprehensive understanding on the emerging applications of biochar from the viewpoint of the catalytic role of PFRs.     

菌株Cupriavidus sp. DT-1对液体和土壤中TCP的降解

采用液质联用（HPLC-MS）的方法检测菌株Cupriavidus sp.DT-1降解2-羟基吡啶（2-HP）的代谢产物.并用三亲结合、荧光定量PCR （q-PCR）方法评价降解菌对3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶酚（TCP）污染土壤的修复效果.结果表明,菌株可以进一步降解2-HP,依次生成尼古丁蓝、马来酰胺酸和反丁烯二酸,直至转化成菌株DT-1生长的碳源.接种菌株DT-1对污染土壤中TCP的降解起到较大的促进作用,2组试验土壤中TCP （50mg/kg）降解率分别为94.4%和86.7%,未接种菌株的土壤中TCP降解率仅为20.4%和28.4%.带有绿色荧光蛋白基因gfp标记的菌株DT-1-gfp可在土壤中存活35d以上,并对TCP污染土壤的细菌群落丰度有显著的恢复作用.     

烟气温度对电除尘器性能影响的数值模拟

采用计算流体动力学（CFD）软件对电除尘器进行三维数值模拟研究,通过自定义函数（UDF）实现电场、流场、颗粒场和温度场的4场耦合,研究烟气温度对电除尘器电场特性、流场特性和除尘效率的影响.结果显示：入口烟气质量流量相同时,当烟气温度从20℃上升到400℃时,平均电场强度从4.9×10⁵V/m减小到1.4×10⁵V/m,平均板电流密度从0.971mA/m²降至0.261mA/m²,但板电流密度分布的均匀性逐渐变好;烟气温度上升平均湍流强减小,离子风效应也随之减小.当入口烟气体积流量相同时,随着烟气温度的增加,颗粒运动轨迹线拉长,整体的颗粒捕集效率减低.降低烟气温度可以有效提高电除尘器的除尘效率.     

光和过氧化物酶对水中17α-乙炔基雌二醇的协同降解机制研究

过氧化物酶广泛存在于天然水体中,可利用腐殖质光照下产生的过氧化氢(H₂O₂)对雌激素的光转化过程产生影响,但过氧化物酶是否可直接影响雌激素的光转化尚不清楚.因此,本研究探索了在模拟光照条件下辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)对水体中17α-乙炔基雌二醇(EE2)光解的影响机制.结果发现,HRP的存在显著地促进了EE2的光降解,且促进作用随酶活的增大而增大,但失活的HRP对EE2的光降解没有明显影响.EE2可在光照条件下发生直接光解和自敏化光解.通过活性氧种类(ROS)猝灭实验推测EE2自敏化产生的ROS可激活HRP,引发了在光照条件下EE2的酶降解.分别曝氧气和氮气后,EE2在HRP溶液中的光酶协同降解分别被促进和抑制,进一步说明了ROS在光酶协同降解中的重要性.HRP的活性随着光照时间的增加缓慢下降,从而可以持续地促进EE2的光酶协同降解,推测HRP对EE2在天然水体中的衰减影响很大.本文可为深入认识雌激素的环境归趋补充科学数据.     

Investigation of suitable precursors for manganese oxide catalysts in ethyl acetate oxidation

The control of ethyl acetate emissions from fermentation and extraction processes in the pharmaceutical industry is of great importance to the environment. We have developed three Mn₂O₃ catalysts by using different Mn precursors (MnCl₂, Mn(CH₃COO)₂, MnSO₄), named as Mn₂O₃-Cl, -Ac, -SO₄. The tested catalytic activity results showed a sequence with Mn precursors as: Mn₂O₃-Cl > Mn₂O₃-Ac > Mn₂O₃-SO₄. The Mn₂O₃-Cl catalyst reached a complete ethyl acetate conversion at 212℃ (75℃ lower than that of Mn₂O₃-SO₄), and this high activity 100% could be maintained high at 212℃ for at least 100 hr. The characterization data about the physical properties of catalysts did not show an obvious correlation between the structure and morphology of Mn₂O₃ catalysts and catalytic performance, neither was the surface area the determining factor for catalytic activity in the ethyl acetate oxidation. Here we firstly found there is a close linear relationship between the catalytic activity and the amount of lattice oxygen species in the ethyl acetate oxidation, indicating that lattice oxygen species were essential for excellent catalytic activity. Through H₂ temperature-programmed reduction (H₂-TPR) results, we found that the lowest initial reduction temperature over the Mn₂O₃-Cl had stronger oxygen mobility, thus more oxygen species participated in the oxidation reaction, resulting in the highest catalytic performance. With convenient preparation, high efficiency, and stability, Mn₂O₃ prepared with MnCl₂ will be a promising catalyst for removing ethyl acetate in practical application.     

基于摩擦纳米发电机的微塑料实时检测实验研究

采用基于自供电的摩擦纳米发电机(TENG)技术,设计开发了一种利用间断液柱检测水样内微塑料颗粒尺寸和丰度的实时快速检测方法和装置,并通过实验测试完成了对微塑料的尺寸形貌表征和化学元素组成的实时高效检测.研究发现,去离子水中加入微塑料颗粒时,溶液中zeta电位降低,改变了管壁表面的极化电场方向;随着水溶液中微塑料颗粒直径或丰度的增加,开路电压呈现减小趋势,50μm时减小了43.1%,0.250%浓度时减小了79.6%;微塑料颗粒对自来水的开路电压影响显著,以10μm微塑料颗粒为例,开路电压减小了20%,证明了TENG技术对海洋微塑料检测的可行性.