Comparison of particulate mass, chemical species for urban, suburban and rural areas in central Taiwan, Taichung

Aerosol samples for PM2.5, PM(2.5-10) and TSP were collected from June to September 1998 and from February to March 1999 in central Taiwan. Ion chromatography was used to analyze the acidic anions: sulfate, nitrate and chloride in the Universal samples. The ratios of fine particle concentrations to coarse particle concentrations displayed that the fine particle concentrations are almost greater than that of coarse particle concentrations in Taichung area. The average concentrations of PM2.5, PM(2.5-10) and TSP in urban sites are higher than in suburban and rural sites at both daytime and night-time. Chloride dominated in the coarse mode in daytime and in fine mode in night-time. Nitrate can be found in both the coarse and fine modes. Sulfate dominated in fine mode in both daytime and night-time.     

微量元素对柠檬酸废水发酵回用的影响

本文研究了微量元素Cu2 、Fe2 、Zn2 、Mn2 、Mg2 和PO3-4 对柠檬酸中和废水发酵的影响。在经过“碱沉淀—离子交换法 (AIE法 )”处理后的废水培养基中分别加入 1× 1 0 -8g/mlMn2 、1× 1 0 -7g/mlZn2 、1× 1 0 -6 g/mlMg2 、1× 1 0 -5g/mlCu2 和 1 .5× 1 0 -2 g/mlPO3-4使产酸依次提高 2 .8%、9.0 %、1 0 .5 %、8.3%、7.2 %和 3.4 %。Fe2 的加入降低了柠檬酸产量。     

生石灰孔结构对高温脱硫性能的影响

喷钙脱硫工艺的炉内脱硫率 ,不仅受工艺参数的影响 ,还与石灰石分解生成的新生CaO或直接喷入的CaO的表面结构有关。本研究用同一石灰石经不同方法 (煅烧、过烧、煅烧 -水合 -脱水等 )制备了四种具有不同比表面积和孔结构的生石灰。高温脱硫研究表明 :这四种不同孔结构的生石灰 ,具有不同的脱硫率。通过对高温脱硫前后吸着剂宏观结构变化的对比 ,发现半径小于 30 的孔易被反应产物堵塞 ,因而脱硫能力有限 ,而半径大于 5 0 的孔对脱硫更有效。本研究将为提高炉内喷钙的脱硫率、研制和开发高效脱硫剂提供新的途径。     

危险废物城市环境风险评估方法及案例研究

在不同经济社会发展情况下,危险废物的风险源危险性和风险受体脆弱性存在很大差异。因此,城市对危险废物采取的风险防控和应急措施应该因城市而异。然而,目前我国大部分城市对危险废物的管理仍然是全过程从严管理,并未建立基于风险评估的环境管理体系。本研究以城市为边界,从危险废物的风险源危险性、风险受体脆弱性和风险防控与应急能力3个维度构建评估指标体系,然后在层次分析法的基础上,采用等比例分配法对指标进行赋权,并运用线性加权法合成经过正向化处理的指标评分值,从而得出危险废物城市环境风险评估结果。通过计算3个维度评分值的耦合度,可以确定风险防控与应急能力维度与风险源危险性维度和风险受体脆弱性维度的匹配程度。运用该方法对深圳市开展案例研究,结果表明,深圳市在“无废城市”建设试点期间,主要通过提升风险防控与应急能力,将危险废物城市环境风险值降低了20.7%;并且风险防控与应急能力维度与风险源危险性维度和风险受体脆弱性维度的匹配度较高,属于高风险高能力城市。因此,建议深圳市在下一步工作中,继续完善涉危险废物项目环境准入审查,严格评估危险废物再利用安全,不断加强信息化手段在环境监管中的应用,避免涉危险废物突发环境事件的发生,全面降低危险废物对城市造成的环境风险。     

Heterogeneous Fenton degradation of ofloxacin catalyzed by magnetic nanostructured MnFe2O4 with different morphologies

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Magnetic nanostructured MnFe2O4 with different morphologies, synthesized via chemical co-precipitation and hydrothermal method, was assayed as...     

How changing grain size affects the land surface temperature pattern in rapidly urbanizing area: a case study of the central urban districts of Hangzhou City,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Urbanization has led to the rapid and large-scale changes in land use and land cover and has affected the spatial distribution of land surface...     

Risk assessment of particulate matter by considering time-activity-pattern and major microenvironments for preschool children living in Seoul,South Korea

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Preschool children aged 3–6 years are vulnerable to exposed to particulate matter (“PM10” and “PM2.5”). It is required...     

Sugarcane monoculture drives microbial community composition,activity and abundance of agricultural-related microorganisms

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Sugarcane monoculture (SM) often leads to soil problems, like soil acidification, degradation, and soil-borne diseases, which ultimately pose a...     

Synthesis of Ni-doped anatase TiO2 single crystals loaded on wood-based activated carbon for enhanced photodegradation of triphenylmethane dyes

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, the Ni-doped anatase TiO2 single crystals loaded on activated carbon (Ni-T/AC) were synthesized by a sol–gel method. The chemical...