全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2753篇 |
免费 | 162篇 |
国内免费 | 1287篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 215篇 |
废物处理 | 152篇 |
环保管理 | 189篇 |
综合类 | 1739篇 |
基础理论 | 481篇 |
污染及防治 | 1088篇 |
评价与监测 | 138篇 |
社会与环境 | 94篇 |
灾害及防治 | 106篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 63篇 |
2022年 | 159篇 |
2021年 | 123篇 |
2020年 | 119篇 |
2019年 | 102篇 |
2018年 | 127篇 |
2017年 | 141篇 |
2016年 | 176篇 |
2015年 | 203篇 |
2014年 | 246篇 |
2013年 | 301篇 |
2012年 | 257篇 |
2011年 | 242篇 |
2010年 | 176篇 |
2009年 | 184篇 |
2008年 | 202篇 |
2007年 | 180篇 |
2006年 | 161篇 |
2005年 | 123篇 |
2004年 | 87篇 |
2003年 | 101篇 |
2002年 | 80篇 |
2001年 | 91篇 |
2000年 | 75篇 |
1999年 | 89篇 |
1998年 | 68篇 |
1997年 | 46篇 |
1996年 | 44篇 |
1995年 | 65篇 |
1994年 | 41篇 |
1993年 | 35篇 |
1992年 | 25篇 |
1991年 | 21篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 9篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有4202条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
401.
402.
特殊的水文节律导致鄱阳湖形成面积较大的周期性环湖消落带,大量的营养物质和污染物极易在消落带中发生沉积,选择鄱阳湖典型河口型消落带,沿湖向按照不同植被类型设置采样断面,采集土壤-沉积物和优势植物样品(不同组织),分析不同时空下土壤/沉积物和优势植物体中重金属(Cr、 Ni、 Cu、 Zn、 As、 Cd、 Sb和Pb)的含量特征及富集水平,并进一步分析土壤-植物系统中重金属的迁移转换特征,揭示鄱阳湖典型消落带土壤-植物系统重金属迁移转换的影响因素.结果表明,消落带土壤/沉积物重金属含量沿湖向表现为明显的分布规律,呈现为先升高后降低的分布特征,即季节性淹水带土壤/沉积物是重金属富集的主要地带,Cu、 Pb和Sb在土壤/沉积物中的富集水平较高,其中Cu和Sb为显著富集(EF>5);潜在生态风险结果表明季节性淹水带总体处于轻度生态危害水平(70≤RI<140),显著高于淹水带和未淹水带.消落带沿湖向带状分布的优势植物体中重金属含量并未表现出显著的空间分布特征,但表现为显著的季节差异,生长季(4月)优势植物体内重金属具有较高的含量水平,重金属不同介质和组织的分配大体遵循基质>根... 相似文献
403.
从垂直气液两相流运行动力学角度,提出深井工艺设计中空气量的计算方法。经验证,用此法计算出的风量、风压,可以在工程设计中较合理地选用空压机或鼓风机。 相似文献
404.
Zongming Wang Kaishan Song Bai Zhang Dianwei Liu Chunying Ren Ling Luo Ting Yang Ni Huang Liangjun Hu Haijun Yang Zhiming Liu 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2009,129(1-3):315-324
In the past century, especially the past five decades, the grasslands of the West Songnen Plain, Northeast China, were rapidly converted into croplands and salinized wasteland, and experienced a fragmentation process that is still ongoing. Almost no information is available on the spatial-temporal changes of grasslands in this area. In this study, grassland cover change, agricultural reclamation and salinized wasteland expansion were investigated during the past five decades. Grassland fragmentation was studied based on four landscape metrics. The grassland cover change was detected from a time series of topographic maps from 1954, satellite images of Landsat TM in 1986, 1995, and 2000 using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS). In addition, the land use changes were analyzed using a transition matrix of land use types, while the driving forces were explored according to climatic changes and socioeconomic developments. The results indicated a significant decrease in grassland area. Of the 1 418 945 ha of native grassland in 1954, approximately 64% was removed by 2000, while the number of patches (NP) increased from 865 to 2035 and the mean patch size (MPS) decreased from 1640 ha to 252 ha. During the whole study period, the average annual decrease rate of grassland was 34 894 ha/year. Cropland and salinized wasteland were the two main land use types into which grassland converted. During the past decades, obvious climatic changes occurred, which supplied a favorable potential environment for agricultural development but damaged grassland productivity. On the other hand, population, GDP and livestock number increased significantly as grassland quality decreased. According to the results, the shrinkage and fragmentation of grasslands may well be explained by socioeconomic development and aided by changing climatic conditions. 相似文献
405.
生态条件和瘤胃菌丛密度与纤维分解的关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在自行设计装配的人工模拟瘤胃发酵装置内,用90523-1瘤胃菌丛进行瘤胃体外发酵试验,结果表明纤维素的分解与瘤胃细菌的密度及其类群变化有着密切关系,都受生态环境条件的制约。在发酵温度40℃,搅拌速度为60~70r/min的条件下搅动20min/h,C/N为10:1的生态条件环境中的细菌密度和纤维素分解率都高于相同生态条件的其它梯度组。 相似文献
406.
407.
408.
以南京市城南河为研究对象,分别提取上中下游的水体样本,分析水质中的氮、磷、COD等水质指标,并利用变性梯度凝胶电泳技术(DGGE)分析了城南河不同位置的细菌多样性。结果表明:城南河水体中的平均总氮为30.06 mg/L,总磷为6.14 mg/L,COD为42.03 mg/L,均超过国家V类水质标准。结合外观,城南河属于严重污染的典型黑臭河流。DGGE分析的结果表明:城南河具有较高的细菌多样性,优势菌群主要是变形菌门和拟杆菌门2大类群,且不同取样点细菌种类差别不大。 相似文献
409.
Hong-Wen Gao Jing Lin Wei-Ying Li Zhang-Jun Hu Ya-Lei Zhang 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2010,17(1):78-83
Purpose
Owing to the present complexity and difficulty of concentrated dye wastewater treatment, this work aimed to synthesize a reproducible waste-sorbing material for the treatment of wastewater by forming the dye-conjugating complex hybrid.Methods
The inorganic/organic hybridization was applied to prepare the objective material by immobilizing waster dye-Mordant blue 9 (MB) with barium sulfate (BaSO4). The composition and pattern of the formed material were determined by spectrometry and characterized by SEM and XRD, and their formation process was clarified. The adsorption of cationic dye-basic blue BO (BB) and copper ion was investigated..Results
The hybrid of MB alone into growing BaSO4 formed the pineapple-like particles while that of the MB/BB-conjugating complex was the rhombus material. The adsorption of BB on the MB–BaSO4 hybrid was probably attributed to ion-pair equilibrium and that of Cu2+ may result from the complexation. The treatment of dye and heavy metal wastewaters indicated that the MB hybrid material removed 99.8% BB and 97% Cu2+ and the dye-conjugating hybrid with growing BaSO4 100% MB, 99.5% BB, and 44% Cu2+.Conclusion
The waste MB–BaSO4 hybrid material is efficient to treat cationic dye and Cu2+ wastewater. The dye-conjugating hybridization method is the first to be advanced for in situ wastewater treatment, and it showed a combined effect for the removal of both organic dyes and heavy metals. 相似文献410.
Arbuscular mycorrhizae enhance metal lead uptake and growth of host plants under a sand culture experiment 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
A sand culture experiment was conducted to investigate whether mycorrhizal colonization and mycorrhizal fungal vesicular numbers were influenced by metal lead, and whether mycorrhizae enhance host plants tolerance to metal lead. Metal lead was applied as Pb(NO3)2 in solution at three levels (0, 300 and 600 mg kg(-1) sand). Five mycorrhizal host plant species, Kummerowia striata (Thunb.) Schindl, Ixeris denticulate L., Lolium perenne L., Trifolium repens L. and Echinochloa crusgalli var. mitis were used to examine Pb-mycorrhizal interactions. The arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum consisted of mixed spores of mycorrhizal fungal species directly isolated from orchard soil. Compared to the untreated control, both Pb concentrations reduced mycorrhizal colonization by 3.8-70.4%. Numbers of AM fungal vesicles increased by 13.2-51.5% in 300 mg Pb kg(-1) sand but decreased by 9.4-50.9% in 600 mg Pb kg(-1) sand. Mycorrhizae significantly enhanced Pb accumulation both in shoot by 10.2-85.5% and in root by 9.3-118.4%. Mycorrhizae also enhanced shoot biomass and shoot P concentration under both Pb concentrations. Root/shoot ratios of Pb concentration were higher in highly mycorrhizal plant species (K.striata, I. denticulate, and E. crusgalli var. mitis) than that in poorly mycorrhizal ones (L. perenne and T. repens,). Mycorrhizal inoculation increased the root/shoot ratio of Pb concentration of highly mycorrhizal plant species by 7.6-57.2% but did not affect the poorly mycorrhizal ones. In the treatments with 300 Pb mg kg(-1) sand, plant species with higher vesicular numbers tended to show higher root/shoot ratios of the Pb concentration. We suggest that under an elevated Pb condition, mycorrhizae could promote plant growth by increasing P uptake and mitigate Pb toxicity by sequestrating more Pb in roots. 相似文献