基于神经网络评估的密封点泄漏检测

介绍了运用神经网络评估方法对石化生产装置泄漏风险进行量化评估的主要程序：输入变量的选择、风险指标的确定及总风险评估指标的确定等。以某炼油厂柴油加氢精制装置的应用为例,说明该方法可以指导企业根据最终确定的风险等级制定泄漏检测计划,对高风险部位增加检测的频次,既能有效监控密封点的密封效果,又减少不必要的资源投入。     

长输管道泄漏检测技术进展浅析

简述了长输管道泄漏检测技术的进展情况,介绍了4种泄漏检测技术原理,并对比分析了各种技术的特点和应用范围,为管道的安全运行管理和维护决策提供了技术参考。     

云龙水库氮、磷污染原因分析及对策措施

依据云龙水库库区和入库河道水质现状监测结果,对造成云龙水库污染的总磷、总氮的变化情况和污染来源构成进行了初步分析,并提出预防控制污染的对策措施。     

氧化物修饰电极脱色试验研究

本文对运用电解法对人粪尿二级生化高色度出水进行脱色处理实验过程进行了阐述和分析,从而论证了电极材料、外加电压、电流强度及电解时间等因素对脱色效果的影响。实验结果表明：随着外加电压、电流强度及电解时间的增加,脱色率呈上升趋势,当达到一定数值之后,脱色率趋于平缓。采用IrO2/Ti（钛基表面涂氧化铱,简称＂钛涂铱＂,阳极）＋不锈钢（阴极）电极配置,在20V恒压、1.5 cm极板间距、电解40m in和3.5A恒流、1.5 cm极板间距、电解30m in两种工况下,对500mL处理水进行电解,脱色率均可达到90%以上。     

谈影响环境执法的若干因素与对策

环境执法是我国环境法制建设的一个重要组成部分。本文分析了当前我国环境执法的主要因素,并提出了应对策略。     

污水处理中紫外消毒效果的研究

紫外消毒技术相对于氯化法消毒,能够快速、有效地去除污水中粪大肠杆菌,操作简单方面,无副产物生成,对周围环境和人员安全可靠,在中国许多污水处理厂都已取代氯化法消毒并广泛应用。阐述了紫外消毒和微生物光复活现象的原理,并通过大量试验来研究紫外消毒技术去除粪大肠杆菌的效果,及经紫外消毒后出水中粪大肠杆菌光复活现象对紫外消毒效果的影响,提出可采用出水避光排放、增加紫外照射剂量、延长照射时间等方法来控制微生物光复活现象。     

未确知测度模型在污水处理厂评价中的应用

污水处理厂的运行管理效果涉及到污水处理厂的处理水量、水质和能耗等诸多项指标,是多指标综合评价问题。文中将未确知测度综合评价模型应用于污水处理厂运行效果评价中。鉴于在多指标识别问题中,专家难以凭借个人经验确定客观型指标权重,文中采用了信息论中熵的概念来确定评价指标权重,使评价结果更加客观合理。未确知测度模型对评价空间实现了有序分割,提高了分辨率,评价效果可靠,是一种实用模型。     

污染源在线监测系统运营管理中出现的问题及建议

从现阶段污染源在线监测系统运营管理出发,就目前污染源在线监测系统运营管理中出现的问题提出客观合理的建议。     

Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange over ITO/CdS/ZnO interface composite films

ITO/CdS/ZnO interface composite films were successfully prepared by subsequent electrodeposition of CdS and ZnO onto indium tin oxide (ITO) glass substrates. The obtained ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films were investigated using methyl orange (MO) as a model organic compound under UV light irradiation. The influence of operating parameters on MO degradation including initial concentration of MO, pH value of solution, and inorganic anion species over the composite films were examined. A blue shift of absorption threshold was observed for the ITO/CdS/ZnO film in comparison with ITO/ZnO film. ITO/CdS/ZnO composite films prepared under specific conditions showed a higher photocatalytic activity than that of ITO/ZnO films. It was also found that the photocatalytic degradation of MO on the composite filing followed pseudo-first order kinetics.     

Ecotoxicological effects of mixed pollutants resulted from e-wastes recycling and bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in Chinese loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)

To understand potential ecotoxicological effects of electrical and electronic equipment waste (e-waste) recycling and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) bioaccumulation in loaches, a semi-field experiment using Chinese loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) as experimental fish was performed. Larval loaches were kept into net-cage for three months in an e-wastes recycling site and a reference site in Southeastern China. There was significant difference of the survival rate between the loaches from the e-wastes recycling site (27%, 19/70) and from reference site (70%, 49/70). Histopathological responses were also found in all the livers examined in loaches from the e-wastes recycling site. These results showed that mixed pollutants resulted from e-wastes recycling led to ecotoxicological effects on loaches. The bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), the main pollutants in e-waste, in loaches was also studied in this e-wastes recycling site, the mean concentrations of total PBDEs in sediment was 6726.17 ng/g wet weight and in water samples was 4.08 ng/L (dissolved phase). BDE209 was the dominant congener in sediment and with relatively high concentration in water. Relatively low concentration of BDE209 (less than 0.01% of total PBDEs) and high concentration of BDE47 (up to 39.34% of total PBDEs) were detected in loaches.