应用次最低空轨道能研究硝基芳烃的生物活性

采用半经验分子轨道ＡＭ１方法计算了１８种硝基芳烃化合物的分子轨道能ＥＨＯＭＯ、ＥＬＵＭＯ、ＥＵＬＵＭＯＥＮＨＯＭＯ,生成热△Ｈｂ,偶极矩μ等量化参数;结合一阶价分子连接性指数Ｘ和正辛醇／水分配系数ｌｏｇＫｏｗ与发光菌的３０ｍｉｎ－半数活性浓度（ＥＣ５０）,黑呆头鱼９６ｈ－急性毒性值建立了包括ＥＮＬＵＭＯ在内的ＱＳＡＲ模式,探讨了硝基芳烃化全物的毒性作用机制,研究表明,硝基芳烃化合物的生物活性不仅与     

Antibiotic contamination control mediated by manganese oxidizing bacteria in a lab-scale biofilter

Antibiotic micro-pollution is usually found at the ng/L–level in drinking water sources or discharge water of wastewater treatment plants. In this study, a novel approach mediated by manganese oxidizing bacteria (MnOB) in a biofilter was developed to control the pollution. The results indicated that the biogenic manganese oxide (MnO_x) produced during the oxidation of the feeding manganese ions could coat the surface of the filtering sand effecting the simultaneous removal of antibiotics. It was found that the removal of antibiotics is insured as long as the feeding manganese was well removed and was not influenced by the hydraulic loading. The growth rate of the MnOB group revealed that the antibiotic concentration at 50 and 100 ng/L promoted their activity, but it was inhibited at 500 and 1000 ng/L. The structure of the bacterial community was stable in the presence of antibiotics (50 ng/L), but their extracellular processes changed. The removal performance of the feeding manganese seemed to relate to the extracellular processes of the dominant bacterial genus. Moreover, the freshly formed MnO_x was a buserite-like material that was rich in Mn(III) and Mn(IV) (94.1%), favoring the degradation. The biofilter did not generate additional antibiotic resistant genes in the presence of antibiotics.     

Selenium uptake and simultaneous catalysis of sulfite oxidation in ammonia-based desulfurization

Accelerating the (NH₄)₂SO₃ oxidation gives rise to the reclaiming of byproduct, while there are secondary environmental risks from reduction of the coexisted selenium species by sulfite. In this study, a bi-functional Co-SBA-15-SH, were synthesized through Co impregnation and sulfhydryl (-SH) decoration, which can simultaneously uptake Se and accelerate sulfite oxidation efficiently. Meanwhile, the adsorption kinetics and migration mechanism of Se species were revealed through characterization and density functional calculations, with maximum adsorption capacity of 223 mg/g. The inhibition of Se⁰ re-emission and poisonous effect of Se on sulfite oxidation was also investigated. Using the findings of this study, the ammonia desulfurization can be improved by enabling purification of the byproduct and lowering the toxicity of effluent by removing toxic pollutants.     

基于GAM模型的洞庭湖叶绿素a浓度与环境因子相关性分析

为了解洞庭湖流域水体叶绿素a的时空分布及其与环境因子的关系,于2019年1～12月对洞庭湖进行采样调查分析,运用广义可加模型(GAM)分析了叶绿素a浓度与各环境因子间的关系.结果显示,洞庭湖水体叶绿素a浓度存在较为显著的时空分布差异,其年均值为5.77μg/L,变化范围为1.00～67.33μg/L.叶绿素a浓度变化的...     

Web中文文本分类在防震减灾辅助决策中的应用

在信息技术飞速发展的今天,地震预报智能决策系统和地震信息系统迫切需要新技术的融入。Web挖掘是目前信息技术中的研究热点,它是现代科学技术相互渗透融合的必然结果。文章首先介绍了Web挖掘的含义,重点讨论了Web文本分类技术,并提出了其在防震减灾辅助决策中的应用模型。     

Augmentation of tribenuron methyl removal from polluted soil with Bacillus sp. strain BS2 and indigenous earthworms

Tribenuron methyl (TBM) is a member of the sulfonylurea herbicide family and is widely used worldwide. In this study, TBM-degrading bacteria were enriched with TBM as potential carbon, nitrogen or sulfur source, and 44 bacterial isolates were obtained. These isolates were phylogenetically diverse, and were grouped into 25 operational taxonomic units and 14 currently known genera. Three representatives, Bacillus sp. strain BS2, Microbacterium sp. strain BS3, and Cellulosimicrobium sp. strain BS11, were selected, and their growth and TBM removal from culture broth were investigated. In addition, indigenous earthworms were collected and applied to augment TBM degradation in lab-scale soil column experiments. Results demonstrated that Bacillus sp. strain BS2 and earthworms significantly increased TBM removal during soil column experiments.     

重型柴油车区域达标法和窗口平均值法对中国典型路况的适应性

选择2台重型柴油车发动机,在测功机台架上复现其在中国典型道路工况下的运行过程,并测取发动机的外特性曲线、特征转速和ETC（European Transient Cycle,欧洲瞬态循环）做功量;在此基础上,基于美国和欧洲2种典型的重型在用车符合性检测方法,即NTE(Not To Exceed,区域达标)法和AWM(Averaging Window Method,窗口平均值法),对比研究了这2种方法对中国重型柴油车典型道路工况的适应性. 结果发现:NTE法对在重庆国道高速公路下运行的重型柴油车工况具有较好的覆盖性,但对北京通州的公交车运行工况的覆盖性较差;改变NTE事件的采样时间准则和控制区域定义,对NOx比排放的数值影响不大. AWM能够利用全部的道路工况数据,但是由于怠速工况的存在,使得用该方法计算出的平均NOx比排放值比NTE法得出的数值偏高;而基于ETC循环做功量的窗口平均NOx比排放值具有较为合理的离散度.      

中国对外贸易的经济增加值——隐含碳排放失衡问题研究

在欧盟碳边境调节机制等贸易碳壁垒层出不穷的国际贸易新形势下,我国对外贸易亟待破解低经济附加值和高碳排放双重压力。本研究运用双边贸易隐含排放分析模型,通过构建贸易碳生产率和贸易失衡度指标,从国家整体、双边贸易和三次产业三个层面,定量揭示了1995—2019年我国对外贸易中的碳排放和经济损益失衡现象。结果表明,2019年贸易净增加我国国内碳排放9.3亿吨。其中,中美和中欧贸易碳逆差分别为2.5亿吨和1.6亿吨。第二产业贸易导致9.8亿吨碳排放净流入我国,第一产业和第三产业贸易分别引发0.4亿吨和0.2亿吨碳排放净流出我国。2019年我国出口贸易整体碳生产率为1.0欧元/千克碳,约为全球平均值的一半;我国出口贸易失衡度为1.9,承担了相较于自身出口经济收益占比近两倍的碳排放责任。在我国三次产业中,仅第一产业出口贸易的碳生产率高于全球平均值、失衡度小于1.0。我国已成为国际转移排放的“污染避难所”,亟须通过采取持续强化绿色低碳技术自主创新、增加三产贸易占比、增强国内大循环主体作用等措施,应对更趋复杂的贸易和气候变化争端。     

一株双酚A降解菌的筛选、鉴定及其生长、降解条件

从沈阳北部污水处理厂曝气池活性污泥中驯化、分离及筛选得到一株以双酚A为唯一碳源的高效降解菌株D-17,通过菌体形态、生理生化反应特性及16S r DNA基因测序分析对其进行了鉴定,并研究了该菌株的生长及双酚A降解条件。菌种鉴定结果表明,该菌为乙酸钙不动杆菌(Acinetobacter calcoaceticus)。实验结果表明:该菌株的生长及降解双酚A的最适条件为溶液pH 7.0,接种量10%,摇床转速150 r/min,降解温度30℃,降解时间5d;当双酚A初始质量浓度为60 mg/L时,双酚A降解率达52.62%;投加蛋白胨后,双酚A降解率提高至57.15%。     

速生树种竹柳对镉的吸收、积累与分布特性

通过水培试验,对不同浓度镉(0、5、10、50μmol·L~(-1))处理下竹柳的生长、镉积累与分布情况进行了研究.结果表明,竹柳对镉的耐性较强,高镉(50μmol·L-1)胁迫下竹柳生长不受抑制,可以正常生长;镉胁迫下,竹柳叶片叶绿素含量下降,叶绿素a与叶绿素b比值增大;竹柳根系镉浓度最高,韧皮部次之;竹柳各部分对镉转移能力较弱,转移系数均小于0.5;地上部分对镉具有较强的持续富集能力,地上部位镉含量占植株总积累镉量的47%~77%.试验结果表明,竹柳可以作为一种新型植物修复材料,通过其富集镉的能力帮助移除污染土壤中的镉.