VB程序实现微量元素相关比值的计算

微量元素的相关比值在许多领域都有不同的作用,随着研究工作的日益精细,数据越来越多,使得不少学者要把大量时间花在数据的整理和计算上,既不利于准确的统计,又浪费了时间.在探讨、实现了地壳中微量元素的相关比值的VB程序,使得在运用这些比值时方便、准确、省时,为研究工作减少许多不必要的麻烦.     

Scenarios of major terrestrial ecosystems in China

The spatial pattern and mean-center shift of major terrestrial ecosystems, termed Holdridge Life Zones (HLZ), during the periods from 1961 to 1990 (T1), from 2010 to 2039 (T2), from 2040 to 2069 (T3) and from 2070 to 2099 (T4) were analyzed by combining the zonal patterns of climatic change in China and the climatic change scenarios of HadCM2 and HadCM3. The results showed that nival area would decrease rapidly with temperature increase in the future. HadCM2 and HadCM3 predicted that the nival areas might disappear in 552 years and 204 years, respectively. Using both HadCM2 and HadCM3, the five HLZ types with the largest areal extent are nival zone, cool temperate moist forest, warm temperate moist forest, subtropical moist forest and boreal wet forest, which collectively account for more than 50% of China's land mass. Among these five HLZ types, nival zone, warm temperate moist forest and boreal wet forest would decrease continuously, whereas subtropical moist forest and cool temperate forest would increase continuously during the four periods. HLZ diversity and patch connectivity would increase continuously in the 21st century. The shift distances of mean centers of HLZ types simulated using HadCM3 were markedly greater than those simulated using HadCM2, in general. The results from both HadCM2 and HadCM3 showed that boreal wet forest, subtropical moist forest, tropical dry forest, warm temperate moist forest and subtropical wet forest had bigger shift ranges, indicating that these HLZ types are more sensitive to the climatic change scenarios of HadCM2 and HadCM3.     

Cu在扇贝组织中的蓄积及其对酶活性的影响

采用暴露实验方法，研究了不同浓度的Cu（Cu^2＋）对栉孔扇贝（Chlamys farreri）鳃、肌肉、内脏团组织中Cu蓄积量及过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性的影响．结果表明：随水体中Cu浓度的升高，扇贝各组织中Cu蓄积量明显上升，Cu蓄积量顺序为：内脏〉鳃〉肌肉．Cu浓度对栉孔扇贝各组织中过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性均有明显影响，各组织中酶活性均随Cu浓度升高表现为抑制-诱导-抑制的规律．这表明，栉孔扇贝各组织中CAT酶对水体中Cu污染反映敏感，存在计量-效应关系，对海洋Cu早期污染具有指示作用．图2表1参19     

厌氧发酵过程pH对微生物多样性和产物分布的影响

采用PCR-DGGE技术,研究了不同pH条件下蔬菜类有机垃圾厌氧发酵过程中的微生物多样性,探讨了微生物群落结构与发酵产物分布的关系.Shannon指数分析表明,pH=7和pH=8时的微生物多样性较高,随时间变化规律相似,而pH=5时的微生物多样性较低.UPGMA聚类分析和PCA分析结果也表明,pH=7和pH=8时的微生物群落结构相似,pH=5与之显著不同.在不同pH条件下的优势菌属都是乳酸细菌和梭菌。微生物多样性的变化与发酵产物分布具有一定相关性,pH通过影响微生物群落结构的变化最终影响发酵产物的分布.图4表2参27     

丙烯腈二元共聚物超滤膜的研制

本文对丙烯腈-甲基丙烯酸甲酯二元共聚物(PAN)超滤膜的成膜过程及膜分离性能进行了研究。结果表明:由PAN-双溶剂-酯类铸膜液制成的超滤膜对牛血清蛋白的截留率(R)为97.62％,通量(f)为84.96ml/cm~2.h.通过电子显微镜扫描观察膜底、表层以及膜断面的结构,对膜的形成机理与膜分离性能进行了研究,证明PAN是一种性能良好的新型膜材料,用PAN二元共聚物超滤膜对α-粉酶进行超滤浓缩试验,取得了较好的结果。     

Fe3+对赤潮异弯藻生长和光合作用的影响

用人工海水APSW以f／2营养加富，在总铁浓度为0—1000nmol L^-1的范围内，考察了总铁浓度对赤潮异弯藻(Heterosigma akashiwo)生长和光合作用的影响．结果发现，当铁浓度小于10nmol L^-1时，最大藻细胞密度与比生长速率均受到明显限制．补铁后受铁限制的细胞得到缓解，表明铁是藻细胞生长的重要限制因子．当铁浓度大于100nmol L^-1时，最大细胞密度与比生长速率不再受铁限制，但其光合作用活性有所改变．在铁限制下细胞的光饱和光合作用速率Pm，暗呼吸速率Rd，表观光合作用效率a与铁丰富细胞相比都有所减小，而光补偿点Ic及饱和光强Ik增大．图5表1参11     

Simulation of sludge-dredging effects in controlling nutrient release of Lake Kasumigaura with large-size core samples

Ｓｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎｏｆｓｌｕｄｇｅ－ｄｒｅｄｇｉｎｇｅｆｆｅｃｔｓｉｎｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｌｉｎｇｎｕｔｒｉｅｎｔｒｅｌｅａｓｅｏｆＬａｋｅＫａｓｕｍｉｇａｕｒａｗｉｔｈｌａｒｇｅ－ｓｉｚｅｃｏｒｅｓａｍｐｌｅｓ￥ＦａｎＣｈｅｎｇｘｉｎ（ＮａｎｊｉｎｇＩ...     

我国不锈钢制品与铝制品行业进展与趋势

对不锈钢制品和铝制品行业的进展进行了分析 ,并对其发展趋势进行了预测     

A pilot scale anoxic/oxic membrane bioreactor (A/O MBR) for woolen mill dyeing wastewater treatment

A pilot-scale( 10 m^3/d) anoxic/oxic membrane bioreactor( A/O MBR) was tested for dyeing wastewater treatment of woolen mill without wasting sludge in 125 days operation. Results showed that the effluent quality was excellent, i.e. effluent COD less than 25 mg/L,BOD5 under 5 mg/L, turbidity lower than 0.65 NTU, and colour less than 30 DT, and met with the reuse water standard of China. The removal rates of COD, BOD5, colour, and turbidity were 92.4%, 98.4%, 74% and 98.9%, respectively. Constant-flux operation mode was carried out in this study, and backwash was effective for reducing membrane fouling and maintaining constant flux. Membrane fouling had heavy impact on energy consumption. More attention should be paid on pipe selection and design for the sidestream MBR system, too.     

Alcaligenes sp.YF11菌对杀灭菊酯的降解机理

测定了降解菌Alcaligenessp.YF11对不同浓度杀灭菊酯的降解及其降解途径。在纯培养系统中,Alcaligenessp.YF11对100mg／L的杀灭菊酯的降解符合零级动力学特征,其降解速率为2．1mg／L·h;50mg／L的杀灭菊酯在24h的降解率为87.5％;10mg／L的杀灭菊酯10h的降解率为71．0％。Alcaligenesso．YF11对杀灭菊酯的降解为矿化作用。