从味精生产废液中回收核糖核酸的研究

本文介绍了采用不同方法处理味精生产废液的菌体,分离RNA。研究结果表明:用8％的食盐溶液,在90℃下搅拌提取3h,然后等电点沉淀分离RNA,收得率较佳。     

非定向河网水质模式及计算方法

在研究京津地区排污河网有机污染物的分布时,建立了非定向河网水质模式,并在计算中引入了相关矩阵和递归函数的概念,使模式的计算过程简化,解决了由于河水流向不定带来的问题。     

连云港地区地震灾害背景分析

本文从震灾史料中发掘出连云港地区震灾的严重性，进而论述了连云港地区成灾背景，并对该地区震害分布及特点进行分析，可为有关部门制定防震减灾对策提供参考.     

离子色谱法测定酸沉降样品中的阳离子

用新型的阳离子分离柱和抑制柱分析雨水中的阳离子（Ｎａ＾＋、ＮＨ４＾＋、Ｋ＾＋、Ｍｇ＾２＋、Ｃａ＾２＋）对这种方法的准确性和可行性进行了论证。     

城市污水污泥农用资源化研究

污水污泥是城市污水处理的副产品，如若处理不当，将会造成二次污染，本文针对污水污泥农用的现状，分析农作资源化志水污泥的出路及在应用中出现的问题。     

广东区域酸雨污染模拟研究

运用数值模拟方法，使用一年365日的风速资料、12个月的降水资料和环境监测资料以及年平均的污染源资料，对广东地区的酸雨污染进行了较细致的分析。结果认为，以日为基础的累积计算，对于提高模拟酸雨污染的能力是很有帮助的。广东省的酸雨污染主要是由自身排放的污染物造成，外来的污染是次要的，在广东边界地区发现受到外省污染的显著痕迹。     

Dynamics of microcystins-LR and -RR in the phytoplanktivorous silver carp in a sub-chronic toxicity experiment

A sub-chronic toxicity experiment was conducted to examine tissue distribution and depuration of two microcystins (microcystin-LR and microcystin -RR) in the phytoplanktivorous filter-feeding silver carp during a course of 80 days. Two large tanks (A, B) were used, and in Tank A, the fish were fed naturally with fresh Microcystis viridis cells (collected from a eutrophic pond) throughout the experiment, while in Tank B, the food of the fish were M. viridis cells for the first 40 days and then changed to artificial carp feed. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure MC-LR and MC-RR in the M. viridis cells, the seston, and the intestine, blood, liver and muscle tissue of silver carp at an interval of 20 days. MC-RR and MC-LR in the collected Microcystis cells varied between 268-580 and 110-292 microg g(-1) DW, respectively. In Tank A, MC-RR and MC-LR varied between 41.5-99.5 and 6.9-15.8 microg g(-1) DW in the seston, respectively. The maximum MC-RR in the blood, liver and muscle of the fish was 49.7, 17.8 and 1.77 microg g(-1) DW, respectively. No MC-LR was detectable in the muscle and blood samples of the silver carp in spite of the abundant presence of this toxin in the intestines (for the liver, there was only one case when a relatively minor quantity was detected). These findings contrast with previous experimental results on rainbow trout. Perhaps silver carp has a mechanism to degrade MC-LR actively and to inhibit MC-LR transportation across the intestines. The depuration of MC-RR concentrations occurred slowly than uptakes in blood, liver and muscle, and the depuration rate was in the order of blood>liver>muscle. The grazing ability of silver carp on toxic cyanobacteria suggests an applicability of using phytoplanktivorous fish to counteract cyanotoxin contamination in eutrophic waters.     

改良A2/O工艺的工程实践

城市污水处理厂采用多点进水的改良A2/O生物脱氮除磷工艺,取得了较好的脱氮除磷效果.在工艺运行中,通过采取有效的调控措施,保证了生化池脱氮除磷各反应单元的溶解氧要求,得到了较佳的工艺运行参数控制范围.     

Effects of Fe2O3, organic matter and carbonate on photocatalytic degradation of lindane in the sediment from the Liao River,China

Fourteen sediment samples with different content of Fe₂O₃ were collected from the lower reaches of the Liao River in China. The photodegradation of lindane on the surfaces of these sediments was investigated to observe the effects of Fe₂O₃ and other photoinducable substances, such as TiO₂ and organic substances, on photodegradation of lindane. A partial least-squares (PLS) analysis model was developed to find out the statistical relationship between the photodegradation and the contents of these photoinducable substances. It was concluded from the PLS analysis that inorganic carbon and organic carbon have negative effects, whereas Fe₂O₃ and TiO₂ accelerate the photodegradation of lindane in the sediment samples when 365 nm UV light was used as light source. In all cases of the experiments, the photodegradation of lindane in the sediment samples were fitted for pseudo-first-order kinetics.     

Nutrient dynamics and the eutrophication of shallow lakes Kasumigaura (Japan), Donghu (PR China), and Okeechobee (USA)

We compared the nutrient dynamics of three lakes that have been heavily influenced by point and non-point source pollution and other human activities. The lakes, located in Japan (Lake Kasumigaura), People's Republic of China (Lake Donghu), and the USA (Lake Okeechobee), all are relatively large (> 30 km2), very shallow (< 4 m mean depth), and eutrophic. In all three lakes we found strong interactions among the sediments, water column, and human activities. Important processes affecting nutrient dynamics included nitrogen fixation, light limitation due to resuspended sediments, and intense grazing on algae by cultured fish. As a result of these complex interactions, simple empirical models developed to predict in-lake responses of total phosphorus and algal biomass to external nutrient loads must be used with caution. While published models may provide 'good' results, in terms of model output matching actual data, this may not be due to accurate representation of lake processes in the models. The variable nutrient dynamics that we observed among the three study lakes appears to be typical for shallow lake systems. This indicates that a greater reliance on lake-specific research may be required for effective management, and a lesser role of inter-lake generalization than is possible for deeper, dimictic lake systems. Furthermore, accurate predictions of management impacts in shallow eutrophic lakes may require the use of relatively complex deterministic modeling tools.