建设项目实施过程中的可行性研究与环境影响评价

作者根据多年的工作实践，分析了目前建设项目可行性研究与环境影响评价工作中存在的一些问题。提出了编写环境影响评价报告时如何有效地利用建设项目的可行性研究报告文本，以及在没有可行性研究报告的情况下怎样使环境影响评价报告能够准确地反映建设项目的环境问题，进而保证环境影响报告书的质量。总之，恰当处理这两者之间的关系，保证建设项目在建设期与运营期降低与防止建设项目对周边环境影响是本文的主要目的之一。     

贵阳市乌当区耕地土壤重金属污染现状及其评价

在对乌当区10乡镇耕地土壤进行全面调查的基础上，对土壤重金属污染现状进行了监测与初步评价，结果表明：该区域10乡镇耕地土壤5种重金属元素(Cd、Pb、Cr、Hg、As)的含量变幅较大；全区耕地土壤重金属污染综合评价处于警戒水平，多因子综合污染指数为0．78．其中，金华、朱昌两镇的耕地土壤已受到了重金属轻度污染，多因子综合污染指数分别为1．13、1．22，羊昌、新堡、下坝、东风、水田等5乡镇的耕地土壤处于警戒状态，新场、百宜、偏坡等3乡镇的土壤处于安全状态；Cd、Cr是该区耕地土壤的主要污染元素。     

植物根系对镉毒害的防御及其代谢

本文采用植物根系生物量、根系内活性氧清除酶活性变化和植物表观中毒症状作指标 ,研究了 Cd毒害对草坪植物的毒性作用、根系应激反应。结果表明 ,当土壤溶液中 Cd浓度达 1.5× 10 - 3mol· dm- 3时 ,植物体内活性氧代谢、生长状况将出现异常 ,甚至出现明显的表观中毒症状。 Cd对植物体内清除酶活性的毒性强度为 CAT>SOD>POD。匍匐翦股颖 (Agrostis stolonifera)根系对 Cd毒害的抵抗作用强于多年生黑麦草 (L olium perernne)。     

2009～2012年全国交流输变电工程环保验收问题分析与对策

通过对全国2009—2012年交流输变电工程竣工环境保护验收执行情况的统计,分析了交流输变电工程竣工环保验收中存在的问题,并针对性地提出了相应的对策,探讨了交流输变电工程竣工环境保护验收工作需制定和完善技术标准;推行施工期环境监理;推行设计图纸备案制度等环境保护对策。     

污水海洋（江河）处置工程喷口的冲淤规律

结合上海市合流污水治理二期工程排放管稀释扩散规律及泥沙冲淤规律的研究，利用少运动相似理论，通过模型试验，从环境泥沙积在上管喷口上的最不利条件出发，分析喷口对泥沙的冲液规律，提出喷口冲淤临界速的概念，并据此提出适宜的上升管高度及喷口射流角度。     

大型锅炉房的噪声监测与治理

对大型锅炉房(燃煤、燃气、燃油)的噪声源进行测试分析．给出了隔声、吸声、消声量的计算公式．同时针对燃煤、燃油、燃气锅炉房的噪声污染．采取了不同的治理措施．取得了较好的治理效果。     

Analysis on sensitivit and landscape ecological spatial structure of site resources

This article establishes a set of indicators and standards for landscape ecological sensitivity analysis of site resources by using the theories and approaches of landscape ecology.It uses landscape diversity index(H),evenness(E),natural degree(N),contrast degree(C) to study spatial structure and landscape heterogeneity of site resources and thus provides a qualitative-quantitative evaluation method for land planning and management of small ,medium scale areas.The analysis of Yantian District,Shenzhen of China showed that Wutong Mountain belonged to high lanscape ecological sensitivity area,Sanzhoutian Reservoir and Shangping Reservoir were medium landscape sensitivity area and high ecological sensitivity area;Dameisha and Xiaomeisha belonged to medium sensitivity area caused by the decline of natural ecological areas.Shatoujiao,Yantian Pier belonged to low sensitivity area but urban landscape ecological development had reshaped and influenced their landscape ecological roles in a great extent.Suggestions on planning,protection goals an development intensity of each site or district were raised.     

Sustainable method towards magnetic ordered mesoporous polymers for efficient Methylene Blue removal

The difficulty in achieving high removal efficiency for contaminants in textile wastewater over a wide range of pH impedes the progress of its treatment technique greatly. Herein, a facile and sustainable strategy was adopted for constructing magnetic ordered mesoporous polymers (M-OMPs) without the assistance of organic solvent and catalyst. The prepared M-OMPs were endowed with high special surface area and good superparamagnetism simultaneously, and exhibited high removal efficiency (>99%) for Methylene Blue (MB) within a short time (10 min) at a concentration of 50 mg/L. What's more, high removal efficiency was achieved over a wide range of pH 2-12 and the adsorption capacity for MB on M-OMPs was substantially retained even after 5 adsorption-desorption cycles, further demonstrating the application potential of M-OMPs in the decontamination of textile wastewater.     

Effects of Zr substitution on soot combustion over cubic fluorite-structured nanoceria: Soot-ceria contact and interfacial oxygen evolution

Ceria is widely used as a catalyst for soot combustion, but effects of Zr substitution on the reaction mechanism is ambiguous. The present work elucidates effects of Zr substitution on soot combustion over cubic fluorite-structured nanoceria. The nanostructured CeO₂, Ce_0.92Zr_0.08O₂, and Ce_0.84Zr_0.16O₂ composed of 5–6 nm crystallites display T_m-CO2 (the temperature at maximum CO₂ yield) at 383, 355, and 375°C under 10 vol.% O₂/N₂, respectively. The size of agglomerate decreases from 165.5 to 51.9–57.3 nm, which is beneficial for the soot-ceria contact. Moreover, Zr increases the amount of surface oxygen vacancies, generating more active oxygen (O₂^? and O^?) for soot oxidation. Thus, the activities of Ce_0.92Zr_0.08O₂ and Ce_0.84Zr_0.16O₂ in soot combustion are better than that of CeO₂. Although oxygen vacancies promote the migration of lattice O^2?, the enriched surface Zr also inhibits the mobility of lattice O^2?. Therefore, the T_m-CO2 of Ce_0.84Zr_0.16O₂ is higher than that of Ce_0.92Zr_0.08O₂. Based on reaction kinetic study, soot in direct contact with ceria preferentially decomposes with low activation energy, while the oxidation of isolated soot occurs through diffusion with high activation energy. The obtained findings provide new understanding on the soot combustion over nanoceria.     

山东省O3时空分布及影响因素分析

为认识山东省环境空气中O3的污染现状,基于2015～2019年国省控环境空气自动监测站的O3监测数据、2019～2020年4～9月气象代表站的气象数据及邻近环境空气站的O3监测数据,探究了山东省O3时空分布特征及与气象因素的关系.结果表明,山东省O3污染日益突出,年均ρ(O3-8h)(90百分位)和ρ(Ox)(O3 与NO2之和)升高速率分别为7.6μg·(m3·a)-1和7.0μg·(m3·a)-1,年均ρ(PM2.5)、ρ(CO)(95百分位数)和ρ(NO2)均逐步下降,下降速率均小于ρ(O3)上升速率.03污染呈现夏季高冬季低的"M型"或"倒V型"月变化特征,在6月或9月达到峰值,且污染月呈提前出现趋势.山东省年均ρ(O3-8h)(90百分位)呈现"内陆高,沿海低"的特点,并有区域均匀性发展趋势.相关性分析表明,山东省ρ(O3-8h)总体与日最高温度呈正相关,与相对湿度、气压和风速呈负相关,其中日 最高温度和相对湿度是O3-8h主控气象因子,气象因素对不同城市O3-8h超标率的影响具有显著差异.