土壤有效Cd浸提剂对Cd的浸提机制

研究比较了六种浸提剂(1mol/l NH_4OAc,1mol/l NH_4NO_3,0.005mol/l DTPA-TEA,0.1mol/l HCl,0.1mol/l CaCl_2,0.1mol/l NaNO_3)在不同土壤条件下对土壤Cd的浸提规律。从浸提剂的特性及pH缓冲能力等角度讨论了其对土壤Cd的浸提机制。结合盆栽试验中植株吸Cd量的相关分析表明,不同浸提剂均有其适合的土壤条件反映Cd的生物有效性,但相对地,0.1mol/l CaCl_2可能是适应性最广的土壤有效Cd浸提剂。     

中国和国际环境条约

文章介绍了中国在积极参与环保领域的国际合作中，先后批准加入的２１个重要的多边环境和签署的２１项双边环境协定，并回顾最近几年在履约方面的重要进展，主要包括臭氧层的保护、控制危险废物越境转移，保护生物多样性、防止全球气候变化等几个方面的工作，同时，也展望了今后我国在履约方面所面临的艰巨任务。     

水质评价和监测的生物学方法进展

从生物群落结构和功能的角度，阐述了生物监测和评价研究的现状；目前利用水生生物进行水质评价和监测的一些主要研究方法及发展趋势。     

D301R树脂对铬(Ⅵ)的吸附性能研究

在pH=2.63的HAc-NaAc体系中,D301R树脂对Cr(Ⅵ)有较好的吸附性。树脂的静态饱和吸附容量为206mg/g。用 5％NH4CI和10％NH3·H2O的混合液能定量洗脱,测得吸附速率常数k298=2.52×10~(-4)/s。吸附过程遵守Freundlich等温式。298K 时测得吸附热力学参数△H=3.33kJ/mol、△G=-6.96kJ/mol、△S=34.5J/(mol·K)。树脂功能基与Cr(Ⅵ)的配位比为1:1。     

Profiling kidney microRNAs from juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) after 56 days of oral exposure to decabromodiphenyl ethane

Grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella) is one of the most important species in China.Decabromodiphenyl ethane(DBDPE) is a brominated flame retardant that has been used widely in industry, and has been observed to accumulate in the tissues of fish from South China. Evidence has shown that DBDPE is toxic to aquatic animals, but the molecular response has been unclear. MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are small noncoding and negative regulatory RNAs that are 20–24 nucleotides in length, which are involved in a wide range of biological processes. We took advantage of deep-sequencing techniques to accurately and comprehensively profile the kidney mi RNA expression of grass carp after 8 weeks of oral exposure to DBDPE. After mapping sequencing data to the genome and Expressed Sequence Tags(ESTs) of grass carp, we identified 493 miRNAs in the sequenced grass carp samples, which included 51 new miRNAs. The results indicated that 5 miRNAs were significantly down-regulated and 36 miRNAs were significantly up-regulated(FDR 0.001,1.5-fold change) after DBDPE exposure. Real-time quantitative PCR(RT-q PCR) was performed on 4 miRNAs from the two samples, and the sequencing and RT-q PCR data were consistent. This study provides the first comprehensive identification of grass carp miRNAs, and the first expression analysis of grass carp miRNAs following DBDPE exposure.The results indicated that miRNAs have potential for use as biomarkers.     

区域大气环境容量及其区域配置研究

以重庆市涪陵区为例,在了解区域大气环境功能区划及区域大气环境质量现状的前提下,采用A-P值法,对涪陵区十三五期间大气环境容量进行研究,并对辖区内的污染负荷进行预测,在此基础上,对大气污染总量控制指标进行分配.研究结果表明,在涪陵区化工园区的二氧化硫排放量已达到或超过总量控制指标,需要制定削减计划,新兴工业园区污染物排放量虽远小于总量控制指标,但根据城市发展规划需进行结构优化与合理布局.     

预防富氧积聚的安全防护措施研究

氧气在生产、使用、贮存和运输过程中经常发生泄漏爆炸事故,给人民的生命财产造成巨大的损失。为了避免和减少氧气泄漏爆炸事故的发生,阻断氧气生产、贮运装置形成富氧积聚是关键。本文针对富氧积聚的形成及其危害特性,从技术方面进行系统研究和探索,提出了科学预防富氧积聚的安全对策与措施。     

老君山综合生态系统管理示范区社区居民环境意识现状调查研究

建立了老君山综合生态系统管理项目示范区社区居民环境意识现状调查问卷的评估体系,分析了调查结果,针对调查对象在环境知识、环境意识、环保技能、环保态度、环境生态价值观等方面反映出的问题提出了建议.     

Application of digital technologies about water network in steel industry

To improve the efficiency of water use and reuse, a digitalized water network system was implemented in a steel industrial complex. The system consisted of four parts: online instrument and sensing devices, programmable logic controller, data communication network and control center based on expert knowledge. The system achieved real-time monitoring, diagnosis, and early warning of cooling water system using data collected inline, and enabled data connectivity and transmission of self-developed software applications on personal computer. This research used a steel enterprise as a case study. After the analysis of its cooling water system and water-saving potential using water balance test, a digitalized water network was evaluated and implemented, and we believe this network can be suitable for steel industry in general.