电动单梁起重机检验过程中的问题

电动单梁起重机被广泛应用于国民经济建设的各个领域和部门,是现代大工业生产中不可缺少的重要设备。由于电动单梁起重机的使用环境复杂,在使用过程中一旦发生事故,会造成机毁人亡。下面对电动单梁起重机的几个常见问题进行探讨。     

黄土高原绿色建筑体系评价指标体系

阐述了绿色建筑体系是可持续发展的人类住区,介绍了可持续发展人类住区和可持续发展评价指标体系国内外研究状况,提出了建立绿色建筑体系评价指标体系的原则,提出了黄土高原县,乡,镇层次上的绿色建筑体系评价指标体系框架,以及指标量化的方法。     

生物陶粒柱—PAC—膜过滤装置系统处理饮用水实验研究

生物陶粒柱和粉末活性炭作为淹没式中空纤维膜过滤装置的预处理工艺不仅解决了膜过滤装置氨氮去除不利的弱点,避免了亚硝酸盐氮的积累,而且在浊度、细菌、有机物等方面极大地降低了膜过滤装置的负荷。生物陶粒柱－PAC－膜过滤装置系统高锰酸盐指数平均去除率为76．97％,氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮的平均去除率分别达到顾95．50％和99．15％。     

Application of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of clenbuterol residues in swine urine and feeds

The present study outlines applications of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the analysis of clenbuterol residues. Antisera were raised from rabbits immunized with diazotized clenbuterol-bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugate. The assay was specific to clenbuterol with a half-maximum inhibition concentration (IC(50)) of 1.8 ng/mL and 2.5 ng/mL in blank swine urine and phosphate buffer solution, respectively. The assay had high cross-reactivity (86%) with mabuterol, but low with other adrenergic agonists and antagonists. The average recovery of clenbuterol, as measured with the ELISA, ranged from 90% to 112% in swine urine samples and from 86% to 95% in feeds, respectively. This new assay was compared with commercial ELISA test kits. An excellent correlation (r(2) = 0.98) between the two methods and satisfactory recoveries suggest that the new assay can be suitable for the determination of clenbuterol residues in real samples. The assay was used to analyze clenbuterol residues in 103 swine urine samples and 68 feed samples collected from northern China. Approximately 50% of the urine samples and 25% of the feed samples analyzed were found positive (concentration of clenbuterol > or = 1 ppb). The results indicate that clenbuterol was misused in some of the areas surveyed.     

包膜尿素对水田土壤排放NH3、NOx、CO2影响的研究

为了研究包膜尿素对水田土壤排放NH3、Nox和CO2的影响,采用水稻盆栽的方法,探讨了在水稻不同生育期内不同种类包膜尿素对水田土壤排放NH3、Nq和CO2的影响。结果表明,包膜尿素处理对水田土壤排放NH3、Nq和CO2均具有抑制作用,与普通尿素相比,包膜尿素LP40、LPSS、BB、SC60NH3的挥发总量降低了5．4％-19．3％,Nox的挥发总量降低了8．1％-23．4％,CO2的挥发总量降低了1．6％-13．O％;施用包膜尿素能够抑制水田土壤NH3、NOx和CO2的排放。     

Experts' perspective on the performance of Chinese technical guidelines for Plan Environmental Impact Assessment

This research was to evaluate the Technical Guideline (HJ/T130-2003) effectiveness based on data resource from a questionnaire survey and interviews on EIA experts. The result demonstrated that the guideline served mainly as a quality control measure for PEIA products, and only a small proportion of experts considered it effective due to its inconsistency with the newly released Chinese PEIA Regulation (2009) and poor practicability. Current status of SEA implementation in China was also studied in terms of application fields, effectiveness evaluation, and major issues to affect SEA, to conclude that SEA implementation in China is premature, and with limited effectiveness. The major problem was the lack of effective methodologies and technical tools. Recommendations for revising the PEIA Guideline and advices to improving SEA implementation in China were accordingly proposed.     

Toxicological assessment of TiO2 nanoparticles by recombinant Escherichia coli bacteria

Rapid and efficient methods to assess nanoparticle toxicity are desired in current research. Here we showed that Escherichia coli labeled by green fluorescent protein can be a good model bacterium for assessing acute toxicity of TiO(2) (about 50% inhibition ratios after 135 min exposure). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed that TiO(2) nanoparticles (NPs) can influence certain protein expression in the recombinant bacterium, and the obvious effects in repressed expression and elevated expression were observed in 30/40, 10/20 μg mL(-1) treated cells, respectively. However, the GFP expression (27 kD) was not influenced by introduced TiO(2) NPs. The change of the fluorescence intensity may be caused by the damage in folding and chromophore formation of the GFP post-translational modification due to generated reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, TiO(2) NPs at higher concentrations decreased their toxicity because of aggregation. 20 μg mL(-1) humic acid (HA) introduced to the medium can decrease the fluorescent inhibition owing to the barrier of steric hindrance it provides between NPs and cells.     

吉林省循环农业发展的研究

吉林省是农业大省,农业要实现持续发展,很重要的是资源的可持续利用,发展循环农业能以最小的成本获得最大的经济效益和生态效益,对于吉林省改善农村生产、生活、生态环境有着非常重要的作用和意义。本文阐述了循环农业的概念及基本原则,分析了吉林省农业经济现状,并根据吉林省自身农业特点,并从推进工农业复合循环经济、发展生态农业、建设农业循环经济示范园区等三方面提出吉林省循环农业发展的方向,最后提出发展循环农业相关建议。     

北盘江梯级水电开发对陆生生态的影响研究

水电开发工程在当今社会发展中发挥着重要作用,尤其是梯级水电开发,但是其发展对环境的影响更是备受关注。本文以北盘江梯级水电开发项目为研究对象,主要采用3S技术研究方法,针对流域梯级水电开发对陆生生态系统的影响进行分析,确定陆生生态环境影响评价识别因子,做出针对植物、植被,陆生动物,黑叶猴自然保护区和自然景观生态体系影响的具体分析。经研究结果表明：梯级电站建设主要不利影响是改变了河流自然生态系统,对适应原生境的动物造成不利影响,使其栖息地缩小或丧失,水库淹没和施工占地及移民安置活动对区域土地资源、自然保护区的影响,对自然景观生态体系的影响。     

静态清灰袋式除尘技术的产业化推广问题探讨

介绍了由我国自主研制的静态清灰袋式除尘技术,并从该技术自身的技术经济优势以及趋严的工业烟尘排放标准两个方面分析得出静态清灰袋式除尘技术的产业化推广应用具有良好的基础,进而结合该专利技术拥有企业自身的情况,探讨了4种可能的产业化推广模式,并对相应的市场效果进行了分析和预测。结果表明对该技术实施产业化推广是可行的。