山西省低碳城镇化的发展路径

低碳城镇化是新型城镇化建设的重要内容。本文从分析山西省城镇化特征入手,梳理了城镇化中的高碳问题,针对山西省的发展阶段和特征,提出发展低碳经济、实施低碳规划、推行绿色交通和建筑、倡导低碳生活等低碳城镇化的路径选择。     

Resolving the influence of nitrogen abundances on sediment organic matter in macrophyte-dominated lakes, using fluorescence spectroscopy

A controlled experiment was designed to resolve the influence of nitrogen abundance on sediment organic matters in macrophyte-dominated lakes using fluorescence analysis. Macrophyte biomass showed coincident growth trends with time, but different variation rates with nitrogen treatment. All plant growth indexes with nitrogen addition (N, NH₄Cl 100, 200, 400 mg/kg, respectively) were lower than those of the control group. Four humiclike components, two autochthonous tryptophan-like components, and one autochthonous tyrosine-like component were identified using the parallel factor analysis model. The results suggested that the relative component changes of fluorescence in the colonized sediments were in direct relation to the change of root biomass with time. In the experiment, the root formation parameters of the plants studied were significantly affected by adding N in sediments, whichmay be related to the reason that the root growthwas affected byNaddition. Adding a low concentration of N to sediments can play a part in supplying nutrients to the plants. However, the intensive uptake of NH₄⁺ may result in an increase in the intracellular concentration of ammonia, which is highly toxic to the plant cells. Hence, our experiment results manifested that organic matter cycling in the macrophyte-dominated sediment was influenced by nitrogen enrichment through influencing vegetation and relevant microbial activity.     

Sources and characteristics of fine particles over the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea using online single particle aerosol mass spectrometer

Marine aerosols over the East China Seas are heavily polluted by continental sources. During the Chinese Comprehensive Ocean Experiment in November 2012, size and mass spectra of individual atmospheric particles in the size range from 0.2 to 2.0 μm weremeasured onboardby a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS). The average hourly particle number (PN) was around 4560 ± 3240 in the South Yellow Sea (SYS), 2900 ± 3970 in the North Yellow Sea (NYS), and 1700 ± 2220 in the Bohai Sea (BS). PN in NYS and BS varied greatly over 3 orders of magnitude, while that in SYS varied slightly. The size distributions were fitted with two log-normal modes. Accumulation mode dominated in NYS and BS, especially during episodic periods. Coarse mode particles played an important role in SYS. Particles were classified using an adaptive resonance theory based neural network algorithm (ART-2a). Six particle types were identified with secondary-containing, aged sea-salt, soot-like, biomass burning, fresh sea-salt, and lead-containing particles accounting for 32%, 21%, 18%, 16%, 4%, and 3% of total PN, respectively. Aerosols in BS were relatively enriched in particles from anthropogenic sources compared to SYS, probably due to emissions from more developed upwind regions and indicating stronger influence of continental outflowonmarine environment. Variation of source types dependedmainly on origins of transported air masses. This study examined rapid changes in PN, size distribution and source types of fine particles in marine atmospheres. It also demonstrated the effectiveness of high-time-resolution source apportionment by ART-2a.     

Resolving the influence of nitrogen abundances on sediment organic matter in macrophyte-dominated lakes,using fluorescence spectroscopy

A controlled experiment was designed to resolve the influence of nitrogen abundance on sediment organic matters in macrophyte-dominated lakes using fluorescence analysis.Macrophyte biomass showed coincident growth trends with time, but different variation rates with nitrogen treatment. All plant growth indexes with nitrogen addition(N, NH4Cl100, 200, 400 mg/kg, respectively) were lower than those of the control group. Four humiclike components, two autochthonous tryptophan-like components, and one autochthonous tyrosine-like component were identified using the parallel factor analysis model. The results suggested that the relative component changes of fluorescence in the colonized sediments were in direct relation to the change of root biomass with time. In the experiment, the root formation parameters of the plants studied were significantly affected by adding N in sediments, which may be related to the reason that the root growth was affected by N addition.Adding a low concentration of N to sediments can play a part in supplying nutrients to the plants. However, the intensive uptake of NH4+may result in an increase in the intracellular concentration of ammonia, which is highly toxic to the plant cells. Hence, our experiment results manifested that organic matter cycling in the macrophyte-dominated sediment was influenced by nitrogen enrichment through influencing vegetation and relevant microbial activity.     

超声Fenton法处理毒死蜱中间体废水的工艺优化

针对毒死蜱中间体生产的化工废水有机物浓度高、生物抑制性强的特点,以实际生产废水为研究对象,基于响应曲面法,进行了超声/Fenton法降解有机物效能研究与运行参数的优化.结果表明:1通过单因素试验确定响应曲面设计的自变量中心点为H2O2投加量0.5 mol/L、Fe2+投加量0.93 g/L、反应时间90 min.2采用Box-Behnken试验设计,建立了以H2O2及Fe2+投加量、反应时间为自变量的回归模型,经方差分析,模型显著(P0.000 1);对有机物去除率影响最大的因素为Fe2+投加量,其与反应时间的交互作用显著.3最优工况为H2O2投加量0.7 mol/L、Fe2+投加量1.36 g/L、反应时间96 min,该条件下模型预测CODCr去除率为96.63%,试验值与模型预测值的相对误差为1.36%,出水水质指标远低于GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》三级标准,ρ(BOD5)/ρ(CODCr)从0.09升至0.22,CODCr单位去除负荷的H2O2及Fe2+用量相对较低,分别为0.14 mmol/mg和0.28 mg/mg.研究显示,采用超声/Fenton法处理高浓度难降解有机废水可有效提高CODCr去除率及其可生化性.     

基于孤立电网的综合故障诊断系统设计与实现

针对孤立电力系统的特点及其在线监测方面存在的问题,基于TCP/IP协议的光纤局域网接口技术,运用C++和汇编语言,依托100/1 000 Mbps以太网通讯技术,采用分层分布式结构,设计了孤立电网综合故障诊断系统。实现孤立电网设备的在线状态监测、电气量动态记录、故障预报、故障分析等功能。结果表明:该系统通过监测系统负荷变化、谐波含量、频率变化,有效解决了孤立电网的监测和电能质量问题,在孤立电网发生故障时,可迅速采取有效措施,减小孤立电网故障对主网的冲击,避免设备损坏,确保了电力系统运行的稳定性。     

MTMD对高速铁路32m预应力混凝土简支箱梁竖向振动特性的影响分析

为降低京沪高速铁路苏州北站候车厅受桥梁振动的影响,拟在正线32m预应力混凝土简支箱梁内安装多重调频质量阻尼器(MTMD)。通过建立车—桥—MTMD竖向动力分析模型,分析MTMD对32m简支箱梁竖向振动特性的影响。计算结果表明,加装MTMD后,32m简支箱梁一阶竖向自振频率有所降低,32m简支箱梁的竖向振动响应明显减小。     

Desulfurization of dibenzothiophene by a newly isolated Corynebacterium sp. ZD-1 in aqueous phase

IntroductionEmissionofsulfur oxidestotheatmospherethroughcombustionoffossilfuelisamainreasonthatcausesseriousenvironmentalproblemsuchasacidrain.Asthecrisisofenergysourcebecomeworse ,mineoffossilfuelwithhighsulfurcontentsisinevitable.Butthedemandofmiddle d…     

应急场景下矿工脑电成分特征的实验研究

为探究矿工在应急场景下的脑电成分变化规律,研究通过脑电实验的方法对矿工在观看应急与正常作业场景下文字与图片素材的脑电数据进行分析.结果表明:矿工在实验素材的靶刺激下,ERP成分明显,且图片刺激效果强于文字,在200～400 ms时,P200,P300成分峰值最大;矿工大脑α节律不断下降,β节律不断上升,且β节律波幅面积...     

汤逊湖表层沉积物重金属污染与潜在生态风险评价

为了解汤逊湖沉积物重金属的污染特征、空间分布、潜在来源和生态风险,对汤逊湖表层沉积物重金属(As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn和Ni)含量进行分析,采用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对沉积物重金属污染现状和潜在生态风险程度进行评价,并利用相关性和主成分分析法解析重金属主要污染物的潜在来源.结果 表明,除Cr外,...