Analysis of the Difference of the Basic Pension by Regions

Nowadays, the disparity of the basic pension in local regions of China can be described as follows: the low level of the unification of the basic pension systems, the large disparity of the level of the basic pension, and unfairness of the enterprises’ payment for the basic pension in different local regions in China. These have already brought many negative influences, which have greatly held back the development of the society and national economy. We should build the basic pension system in all local regions of China as a whole, which can cover all people and decrease the disparity in different local regions in China.     

水流对底泥净化作用的模拟试验

苏州河底泥中重金属的可动性模拟试验表明.沉积底泥能按照质量作用原理作为重金属的交换者起作用。霞金属Pb的交换溶出能力最低.Cd和Zh相似。苏州河是一条感潮河流,各潮期的潮流流动Re在(1.3l～j.8)×106范围,即为紊流流动.传质系数在(5.22～9.91)×10 4cm/s范围。在潮流作用下,60万m3底泥中重金属传递至河水中的量,以l天计,Cd为685.9函Pb为1505.9g,Zn为89.6kg,河水对底泥中莺金属的净化率,Cd为O.44％,Pb为0.0079％,Zn为0.05％。     

Paper fibers as a carbon source for the de novo formation of polychlorinated dioxins and furans

The formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDDs/Fs) from carbon that was produced by the pyrolysis of paper fibers and from wood charcoal was investigated experimentally. Fibers obtained from filter paper were pyrolyzed at 300° and 800°C to produce low- and high-temperature carbon samples. The two types of carbon and wood charcoal were mixed with silica (SiO₂) and trace copper oxide to produce three synthetic fly ash samples. Experiments to measure the formation of PCCDs/Fs from the three ash samples were conducted using a bench-scale reactor. The two carbon samples derived from paper fibers generated more PCDDs/Fs than was generated by the wood charcoal. The PCDDs/Fs generated by the low-temperature carbon and by the wood charcoal were dominated by the lower-chlorinated PCDFs. Such unique homologue distribution patterns are very similar to those generated by the open burning of household waste. The high-temperature carbon generated more highly chlorinated PCDDs/Fs. The effect of pyrolysis temperature on the de novo formation of PCDDs/Fs from residual carbon is discussed. Paper and paper products contained in household waste are likely to be the source of unburned carbon that contributes to high PCDD/F emissions in the open burning of household waste.     

基于GIS修正法与因素法的农用地定级研究——以四川省乐山市中区为例

以GIS为平台，采用修正法和因素法相结合，对乐山市中区农用地定级进行了研究。通过确定因素权重、选择定级模型，计算出修正法和因素法两种定级结果。经过实地验证和模型模拟分析表明：修正法比因素法更适合县级农用地定级，同时修正法能与农用地分等成果相衔接，比因素法适用效果更好。采用GIS技术，实现了系统、快速、科学的农用地定级，对其它地区开展农用地定级工作有很好的借鉴作用。     

Organizational level as a moderator of the relationship between justice perceptions and work‐related reactions

In this study, we examined the role of organizational level as a moderator of the relationships of procedural and distributive justice with seven employee attitudes and behaviors. Based on social identity and resource allocation theories, we suggested an allocational model of authority in organizations. We posited that lower rank encourages a more process‐oriented perspective that emphasizes procedural concerns while higher rank imbues a more result‐oriented perspective that emphasizes distributive outcomes. We considered the cultural context that characterized work relationships in our sample of respondents from a Chinese state‐owned enterprise. Significant sets of interactions supported the predicted relationships of procedural justice with three outcomes at lower levels and distributive justice with four outcomes at higher levels. Implications and extensions of these findings are considered. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Sorption equilibria of metal ions on bone char

The ability of bone char to adsorb three metal ions, namely, copper(II), zinc(II) and cadmium(II) ions from wastewater has been studied. Three single-component equilibrium systems and three binary equilibrium systems have been measured experimentally. The three single-component equilibrium data were analyzed using the Langmuir and the Sips equilibrium isotherm equations. The Sips isotherm gave a better fit of the experimental data than the Langmuir isotherm based on the sum of squares errors (SSE) analysis. The Cu-Zn, Cu-Cd and Cd-Zn binary equilibrium experimental data were examined by incorporating the Langmuir and the Sips isotherm equations into the ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST). The solution methods and the predicted results for the three binary systems at different metal ion compositions have been evaluated. In addition, the application of the IAST to the model prediction for the fixed bed system is presented.     

Whole-mount in situ TUNEL method revealed ectopic pattern of apoptosis in cadmium treated naupliar larvae of barnacle (Balanus amphitrite Darwin)

The effect of cadmium on stage II naupliar larvae of barnacle (Balanus amphitrite Darwin) was investigated. Barnacle larvae were exposed to 0-15 microM CdCl(2) for 24 h. Apoptotic cells were stained by the terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) method. Incidence of apoptosis, as measured by numbers of animals with ectopic pattern of apoptosis as well as numbers of apoptotic cells per animal, was assessed using confocal microscopy. An increase in incidence of apoptosis was observed in the experimental animals with an increase in cadmium concentration. Mortality increased, and motility decreased, when barnacle larvae were exposed to an increasing concentration of cadmium. The relationship between the occurrence of apoptosis and swimming behaviour was investigated in larvae exposed to 10 microM CdCl(2). Significant increases in apoptosis were detected in the non-motile and dead nauplii. This study suggested that whole-mount in situ TUNEL method may be used to study increased occurrence of apoptotic cells in crustacean larvae.     

使用毛细管离子分析仪对水中有机、无机阴离子的同时测定

研究在使用毛细管离子分析仪测定水中有机阴离子和无机阴离子的过程中 ,电压、电解质溶液的种类、浓度和 p H值以及样品本身浓度对分离效果的影响 .在优化条件下 ,即二元电解质溶液中铬酸钠和邻苯二甲酸氢钾的浓度分别为 3mmol/L和7.5mmol/L,电渗流改性剂 OFM的加入量为每 1 0 0 ml电解质 2 ml.调节测定溶液的 p H为 7.4～ 7.6时 ,可使常见的几种无机阴离子和几种小分子有机酸阴离子同时出峰 ,并且能够获得较好的分离度 .     

基于GIS的北京市机动车污染数据库的开发和应用

利用 GIS技术建立机动车污染数据库 ,能动态、直观地反映机动车污染的时空分布规律 ,为机动车污染控制研究提供强有力的工具 .本研究以 ArcView为主要的 GIS开发工具 ,通过属性数据和空间数据的链接 ,实现了北京市机动车污染数据库的地图化表现、动态查询、基本空间分析等功能 ,从而为机动车污染数据库提供了技术支持 .利用该系统 ,可以对北京市机动车污染物的排放、浓度和分担率的空间分布规律进行 GIS实例分析 .     

固定化红螺菌生物转盘反应器处理味精工业废水

采用固定化光合细菌的转盘式生物反应器处理味精废水．结果表明,在好氧（微氧）条件下,COD去除能力比在厌氧条件下强．在无曝气条件下,高浓度物料容易导致厌氧发酵.最佳转盘转数为80r/min．当转盘外缘线速高于0．52m/s时,生物膜剥离趋势加剧．采用预酸化-厌氧-好氧串并联工艺处理味精废水,系统运行稳定．COD去除率达92％以上,同时可产具有应用价值的富含光合细菌的菌泥.