气体ClO_2对空气中甲醛去除效果的研究

研究高纯度气体ClO2对空气中甲醛气体的去除效果。主要考查了气体ClO2浓度、反应时间及甲醛初始浓度对甲醛去除率的影响。实验结果表明,甲醛去除率随ClO2浓度的增加而提高,当甲醛初始质量浓度为2.4 mg/m3,ClO2质量浓度达到1.8 mg/m3时,甲醛去除率达到99.5%,且甲醛的去除率随反应时间的延长而提高,但30 min后去除率趋于平稳达到99.7%;ClO2对甲醛的去除率随甲醛初始浓度的升高出现先上升后下降的趋势。     

Multilevel air quality evolution in Shenyang: Impact of elevated point emission reduction

Visibility observed at different altitudes is favorable to understand the causes of air pollution. We conducted 4-years of observations of visibility at 2.8 and 60 m and particulate matter(PM) concentrations from 2015 to 2018 in Shenyang, a provincial city in Northeast China. The results indicated that visibility increased with the increasing height in winter(especially at night), and decreased with height in summer(especially at the daytime). PM concentration exhibited opposite vertical variati...     

Association between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and number of outpatient Helicobacter pylori infection visits

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Helicobacter pylori infection (HPI) is an important risk factor of gastrointestinal diseases, but factors leading to it are still not fully...     

Review and prospects of mining chemical dust suppressant: classification and mechanisms

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Coal mine pollution is a serious threat to the mine safe production and occupational health of miners. Chemical dust suppression can effectively...     

经常性暴雨内涝区域房屋财(资)产脆弱性研究——以温州市为例

基于洪涝灾害脆弱性研究基本思路,选择经常性暴雨内涝区域——温州市麻步镇和水头镇,就0908号台风"莫拉克"影响开展"暴雨内涝灾后房屋财产和商业资产损失"抽样问卷调查。结果表明:淹没区域平均水深1.7m,平均淹没时间超过2 d,房屋财(资)产损失较大;经常性暴雨内涝区域30%住户和商铺灾害损失值和灾损率接近0,房屋财产和商业资产灾损率呈现乘幂函数曲线。     

2019年扬州市公共场所健康危害因素监测结果分析

为了提升扬州市公共场所卫生状况和传染病防控能力,按照国家标准于2019年对扬州市宾馆(酒店)类、沐浴类、理发店类、美容店类和候车室类5类公共场所的健康危害因素(空气质量和公共用品用具)进行监测,按照《公共场所卫生指标及限值要求》(GB 37488—2019)进行评价。结果表明,共监测空气质量样品216份,合格率为84.26%,共监测公共用品用具1 414份,合格率为96.46%,不同场所的空气质量合格率和公共用品用具微生物指标合格率差异均具有统计学意义(P 0.05)。不同类型公共用品用具监测项目中,金黄色葡萄球菌的合格率最高(100%),而真菌总数的合格率最低(93.75%)。各类公共用品用具中,拖鞋合格率最低(91.67%),床单相对较高(99.70%)。扬州市公共卫生状况总体良好,在空气质量监测中,物理项目和微生物项目合格率较低,在公共用品用具监测中,细菌总数和大肠菌群存在不合格现象。     

基于空间拟合和神经网络的机场噪声预测集成模型

将集成学习方法引入到机场噪声预测中,提出一种基于空间拟合和神经网络的机场噪声预测集成模型.该模型采用空间拟合算法和BP神经网络算法构建基学习器,然后通过所提出的基于观察学习的异构集成算法将基学习器集成起来,获得集成的机场噪声预测结果.该模型通过集成多个异构机场噪声预测基学习器,能够有效提升预测准确率.实验结果表明,本文所提出的基于观察学习的异构集成算法,较之其他异构集成算法,在解决机场噪声预测问题上准确性更高、容错性更强.     

东海海域表层沉积物中硫酸盐还原菌分布特征研究

利用2011年4、7、8和10月对东海海域4个航次的调查资料,以表层沉积物中硫酸盐还原菌（SRB）为研究对象,针对于SRB所共有的异化型亚硫酸盐还原酶（DSR）中的β亚基基因（dsrB）,通过荧光定量PCR技术对SRB丰度的时空分布特征进行了描述.结果表明,SRB丰度变化范围为1.87×105~4.69×10⁸cells/g,平均值为1.15×10⁸cells/g,且4月SRB丰度最低,7月SRB丰度最高;SRB数量在总细菌中的比例介于0.0039%~1.6176%之间,说明SRB在东海表层沉积物的细菌总量中比例很小;SRB丰度的水平分布特征整体表现为南部海域高于北部海域,长江口及浙闽沿岸泥质区高于非泥质区.此外,SRB丰度与环境因子的相关性分析表明,温度和溶解氧是影响SRB丰度的重要因素.     

重金属Cd、Pb对褐菖鲉肝脏组织中HSPs基因表达的影响

为了解重金属污染对海洋鱼类热休克蛋白(HSPs)基因表达的影响,将褐菖鲉(Sebastiscus marmoratus)分别暴露于1.6、8、40、200、500μg·L~(-1)Cd、Pb溶液中,用环介导等温扩增技术(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAM P)定量检测褐菖鲉肝脏HSP60、HSP70、HSP90、HSC70 mRNA表达量。结果表明:Pb仅在40μg·L-1时显著抑制HSP60、HSP90、HSC70 mRNA表达量,8μg·L~(-1)时即可显著抑制HSP70 m RNA表达量,并在40μg·L~(-1)时达到最小值;Cd对HSP60、HSP90、HSC70的诱导不明显,但能显著诱导HSP70,并在500μg·L~(-1)时达到最大值。相比之下,褐菖鲉肝HSP70基因对重金属Cd、Pb污染较为敏感,有潜力成为监测海洋重金属污染的预警分子。     

Photochemical indicators of ozone sensitivity: application in the Pearl River Delta,China

Surface O₃ production has a highly nonlinear relationship with its precursors. The spatial and temporal heterogeneity of O₃-NO _x -VOC-sensitivity regimes complicates the control-decision making. In this paper, the indicator method was used to establish the relationship between O₃ sensitivity and assessment indicators. Six popular ratios indicating ozone-precursor sensitivity, HCHO/NO _y , H₂O₂/ HNO₃, O₃/NO _y , O₃/NO _z , O₃/HNO₃, and H₂O₂/NO _z , were evaluated based on the distribution of NO_x- and VOC-sensitive regimes. WRF-Chem was used to study a serious ozone episode in fall over the Pearl River Delta (PRD). It was found that the south-west of the PRD is characterized by a VOCsensitive regime, while its north-east is NO _x -sensitive, with a sharp transition area between the two regimes. All indicators produced good representations of the elevated ozone hours in the episode on 6 November 2009, with H₂O₂/HNO₃ being the best indicator. The threshold sensitivity levels for HCHO/NO_y, H₂O₂/HNO₃, O₃/NO _y , O₃/NO _z , O₃/HNO₃, and H₂O₂/NO _z were estimated to be 0.41, 0.55, 10.2, 14.0, 19.1, and 0.38, respectively. Threshold intervals for the indicators H₂O₂/HNO₃, O₃/NO _y , O₃/NO _z , O₃/HNO₃, and H₂O₂/NO _z were able to identify more than 95% of VOC- and NO _x -sensitive grids. The ozone episode on 16 November 16 2008 was used to independently verify the results, and it was found that only H₂O₂/HNO₃ and H₂O₂/NO _z were able to differentiate the ozone sensitivity regime well. Hence, these two ratios are suggested as the most appropriate indicators for identifying fall ozone sensitivity in the PRD. Since the species used for indicators have seasonal variation, the utility of those indicators for other seasons should be investigated in the future work.

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