Embryonic exposure to low concentration of bisphenol A affects the development of Oryzias melastigma larvae

The prevalence of bisphenol A (BPA) in the environment has attracted increasing attention because of the toxicity of this manmade pollutant. However, the toxicity related to cardiac development remains largely unknown. In the present paper, we investigated the cardiac toxicity of BPA using marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) embryos. At 2?days postfertilization (dpf), the embryos were continuously exposed to a low concentration of BPA (200?μg/L) for the whole embryonic stage. Heart rate and sinus venosus (SV)-bulbus arteriosus (BA) distance were measured under microscopy. The mRNA expression levels of genes were quantified by SYBR real-time RT-PCR, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to examine the histology of fish larvae hearts. Neither the heart rate nor the SV-BA distance of the embryos was affected by BPA exposure. However, the mRNA expression levels of Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase, BMP4, COX-1, FGF8, GATA4, and NKX2.5 were all downregulated at the critical developmental stages (6 and 10?dpf). Interestingly, the mRNA expression levels of COX-2 and LERP were significantly upregulated at 10?dpf. The mRNA expressions of inflammation-related genes (TNFα, IL1β, SOD, and CCL11) were all significantly upregulated after exposure. Moreover, we found that both the body length and the body width decreased in the larvae after embryonic exposure to BPA. The distributed foci of inflammation were observed in the juveniles after 2?weeks' depuration. Exposure to BPA at embryonic stages could alter the expression of heart development-related genes and inflammation-related genes of O. melastigma. The larvae hatched from exposed embryos showed the foci of inflammation in the heart ventricles and the decrease of the body length and width.     

基于电磁感应和位移传感原理的电梯门锁啮合长度检测研究

电梯门锁锁紧元件啮合状态可靠性是确保电梯门系统安全运行的重要保障。针对现有电梯门锁啮合长度检验方法存在的测量精度不足、自动化程度低、通用性不强等问题,提出了一种基于传感器的检测方法。分析了电磁感应开关通断检测原理和接触式位移传感工作原理,在此基础上开发了门锁啮合长度检測装置,并介绍了使用该装置的检验步骤。实测结果表明:该检验方法和检验装置可以实现门锁啮合长度的快速准确检验,数据可重复性高。     

Utilization of washed MSWI fly ash as partial cement substitute with the addition of dithiocarbamic chelate

The management of the big amount of fly ash as hazardous waste from the municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) has encountered many problems in China. In this study, a feasibility research on MSWI fly ash utilization as partial cement substitute in cement mortars was therefore carried out. MSWI fly ash was subjected to washing process to reduce its chlorine content (from 10.16% to 1.28%). Consequently, it was used in cement mortars. Ten percent and 20% replacement of cement by washed ash showed acceptable strength properties. In TCLP and 180-day monolithic tests, the mortars with washed ash presented a little stronger heavy metal leachability, but this fell to the blank level (mortar without washed ash) with the addition of 0.25% chelate. Therefore, this method is proposed as an environment-friendly technology to achieve a satisfactory solution for MSWI fly ash management.     

生物强化技术及其在水污染治理中的应用

文章主要介绍了生物强化技术在国内外的研究进展,包括了直接作用、共代谢作用以及基因水平转移作用等三个作用机理;从自然环境筛选、构建基因工程菌、直接购买商业茵剂等三个菌株来源及其生物强化技术在治理高浓度有机废水、脱氮除磷、改善系统污泥特性、降低污泥产量等水污染治理中的应用现状,并对实际应用效果进行评价,对其中的主要控制参数和应用失败的原因也进行了探索,并提出了生物强化技术的展望.生物强化系统在应用上表现出了很好的应用前景,是生化处理今后的研究重点与方向之一.     

炼厂含硫污水处理优化思路探讨

分析了炼厂含硫污水处理存在的问题,提出了含硫污水处理优化运行的思路和方法,并对企业下一步优化工作提出建议。     

汞蒸汽被动式检气管的初步研制

初步研制的汞蒸汽被动式检气管是建立在气体分子扩散和化学吸收原理基础上的,新制备的碘化亚铜沉淀和乙醇、甘油、硝酸混合、研碎,伴入经活化的层析硅胶,填充到检气管中,当汞蒸气进入管内时,发生显色反应,检气管显色长度的平方与汞蒸汽浓度及采样时间的乘积成线性关系,检测下限为0.001ug/mL(1h)。该法集采样与分析于一体,结构简单,不需动力,便于携带,操作方便,实验室模拟运用,其灵敏度和标准偏差令人满意。     

典型喀斯特高原水库浮游植物与环境因子的关系

浮游植物的生长往往受多种环境因素共同作用,独特的地理特征也是影响其密度与群落结构变化的要素之一。为探索喀斯特高原水库浮游植物与环境因子的耦合关系,以贵州省典型喀斯特高原水库——阿哈水库为例,于2019年春(4月)、夏(7月)、秋季(10月)对水库各支流及库中心区域进行采样调查,探究了喀斯特水库基础水环境指标的量级、浮游植物群落组成、优势种变化及其密度的时空分布,进一步揭示浮游植物与环境因子的耦合关系,为喀斯特高原水库浮游植物研究以及水资源保护提供一定的科学依据。结果显示,阿哈水库浮游植物密度在3.95×10⁴-525.35×10⁴cells·L^?1,之间,以蓝藻、硅藻、绿藻、隐藻居多,伪鱼腥藻(Pseudoanabaena sp.)、水华束丝藻(Aphanizomenon flos-aquae)为主要优势种。单因素方差分析(One-way ANOVA)结果表明,浮游植物密度的季节性差异显著(P<0.01),呈夏季>春季>秋季的趋势。由一元线性回归分析可知,在春季,浮游植物密度与溶解氧、pH、钙离子浓度呈极显著线性相关(P<0.01),与透明度、氮磷比具有显著相关关系(P<0.05);然而,浮游植物密度仅与夏季的透明度关系显著(P<0.05),与秋季的所有环境因子均无显著相关关系(P>0.05)。由冗余分析(RDA)可知,影响春季浮游植物群落结构的主要环境因子为pH、钙离子浓度和总磷,夏季为透明度、总磷和氮磷比。秋季浮游植物群落结构可能受低温影响较大。     

低浓度软锰矿浆烟气脱硫过程中的催化作用

通过对SO2-4浓度的分析,研究了低浓度软锰矿浆烟气脱硫过程中的液相和固相催化作用.研究表明:低浓度软锰矿浆中Fe(Ⅱ,Ⅲ)的浸出率很低(＜ 7%),致使Fe(Ⅱ,Ⅲ)离子的液相催化作用和Mn(Ⅱ)、Fe(Ⅱ,Ⅲ)离子间的液相协同作用不明显.该过程中实际生成的so2-4主要来自3个方面:MnO2的直接氧化还原作用,Mn(Ⅱ)的液相催化作用以及软锰矿固相组分的催化作用.其中,Mn(Ⅱ)的液相催化作用始终占据主导地位;MnO2的直接氧化还原作用与固相催化作用相比,在20 min前有明显的优势,而20 min后则几乎可以忽略不计.     

十溴联苯醚共存条件下水中Zn(Ⅱ)的生物吸附

研究了十溴联苯醚(BDE-209)共存条件下嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对水中Zn2+的吸附特性,并通过对菌体进行失活处理、红外光谱和X-光电子能谱分析,探讨了吸附机理。结果表明,Zn2+的吸附符合Freundlich吸附模式;嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对Zn2+吸附作用明显,2.5 g/L菌体在2 h时,对初始浓度为2.0 mg/L Zn2+的去除率达92%。BDE-209对菌体吸附Zn2+有一定的抑制作用。各因素对嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌吸附Zn2+的影响程度由大到小依次为:投菌量>pH>BDE-209浓度。菌体对Zn2+的吸附除表面吸附外,还存在跨细胞壁细胞膜的主动运输和积累等作用。菌体中的酰胺基与羟基均参与了Zn2+吸附,而且菌体表面Ca2+与Zn2+发生了离子交换,吸附后Zn2+的价态不变。     

异波折板水解酸化-A2O一体化反应器实验研究

设计了异波折板水解酸化-A2O一体化反应器,进行生活污水处理的实验研究。10个月的实验结果表明,系统的最佳水力停留时间（HRT）为8 h时,最适COD进水浓度为240-100mg/L,最佳混合液回流比（r）-污泥回流比（R）为250%-100%。控制反应器于以上运行参数下,25±2℃所对应的COD、TN和TP去除率分别为96.84%、67.55%和81.92%。当温度降至7℃时,其COD、TP和TN分别降至86.35%、50.25%和65.68%。基于实验分析结果,阐明了一体化反应器高效性的机理在于异波折板水解酸化段具有高效传质特性和A2O段具有复合式活性污泥-接触氧化好氧池的特点。