Tsunami hazards in Europe

Tsunami represents one of the most potentially serious forms of coastal flood risk. Although much is known on the recorded history of tsunamis for given areas of the world, very little information is available on the occurrence of palaeotsunamis during prehistory. This is of fundamental importance in calculating tsunami flood risk for any given coastal area. Given sufficient information on past tsunami activity for a particular coastal area, the numerical calculation of aggregate coastal flood risk (including tsunami) for a coastal area is very difficult to estimate since one needs also to take into account the risk of a tsunami and a storm surge taking place simultaneously during a high tide. Estimates of coastal flood risk also need to consider future changes in relative sea level caused by the combined effects of global climate change and vertical movements of the lithosphere.     

Speciation of heavy metals in marine sediments from the East China Sea by ICP-MS with sequential extraction

Twelve elements (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Sn, Cd and Pb) in 24 sediment samples at eight sites (S1-S8) from the East China Sea were analyzed with the BCR sequential extraction (SE) protocol to obtain the metal distribution patterns in this region. The results showed that the heavy metal pollutions in S4 and S8 were more severe than in other sampling sites, especially Cd and Pb pollution. In the top sediments at S4 and S8, both the total contents and the most dangerous non-residual fractions of Cd and Pb were extremely high. More than 90% of the total concentrations of V, Cr, Mo and Sn existed in the residual fraction. Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn mainly (more than 60%) occurred in the residual fraction. While Mn, Pb and Cd dominantly presented in the non-residual fractions in the top sediments. The metal distribution patterns with depth and the correlations between total organic carbon (TOC) and the total Fe-Mn content were also investigated. The results showed that, for most of the elements except Fe, the concentration of elements in fraction A in the top sediments was higher than that in other depth. The similar rule was also found in fraction B but not in fraction C. Besides, the distributions of V, Cd in fraction B and Pb, Cd, Cu in fraction C might be affected by TOC.     

石油短缺与中国经济安全

石油短缺已经成为引起中国能源危机最核心的问题,本文分析了中国石油短缺的背景及其影响因素,在实证分析的基础上,提出了“对石油依赖程度”这一概念。本文还把石油短缺与经济安全问题联系了起来,并提出了确保我国经济安全的具体对策。     

日本安全监督管理启示录

通过对日本安全监督管理机构、研究机构、社团组织和企业的亲身考察 ,对日本安全生产法规建设、监督管理体系、工作机制、主要措施进行了分析、思考和总结 ,认为对如何加强我国安全生产监督管理、改进工作有很大的启示和有益的借鉴。希望文中介绍的内容和观点能在安全生产专家、学者中 ,引起广泛讨论 ,从而建立适合我国国情的安全生产法规体系、安全生产监督管理体系和符合时代发展的创新的安全生产工作思路。     

开辟湛江海洋型经济产业开发带的构想与策略

湛江具有较强的港口、地缘和腹地优势。要充分利用这些优势,开辟海洋型经济产业开发带,开发利用好海洋资源,促进湛江经济的腾飞。     

生态旅游项目的可持续设计

本文基于我国目前生态旅游项目开发存在的普遍问题,从可持续旅游的观点提出了生态旅游项目开发的四个基本准则,同时讨论分析了生态旅游项目可持续设计应遵循的方法和主要内容。     

味精废水处理技术综述

本文分类介绍了当前我国味精废水处理技术的现状 ,重点介绍了物化处理和生物处理方法对味精废水的处理效果 ,并对味精废水综合处理方案提出了自己的见解     

采用絮状锰悬浊液催化剂空气氧化处理含硫废水

探讨了一种快速降解含硫废水中硫化物的新方法。用可溶性二价锰盐在pH为10．5－12．0时曝气,制得絮状锰悬浊液催化剂。使用该催化剂可将废水中S^2-的氧化反应速率大为提高,反应时间大为缩短,S^2-去除率几近100％;同时还可大大降低废水的COD,因此可大大降低生化处理系统的负荷。处理S^2-质量浓度为50－2000mg/L含硫废水的最佳工艺条件：絮状锰悬浊液催化剂与废水的体积比为0．8－1．0,pH为10－12,曝气量为50L/h左右,反应温度为15－45℃。絮状锰悬浊液催化剂可循环使用。     

Cornstarch explosion experiments and modeling in vessels ranged by height/diameter ratios

Height to diameter (H/D) ratio is one of the important parameters affecting premixed particle–air combustion characteristics. This paper focuses on the behavior of cornstarch combustion in closed vessels with changed H/D ratios and fixed volumes; and a combustion model is employed to simulate the experiments. An Eulerian–Lagrangian approach for two-phase flows was used in the model and conservation equations of unsteady turbulent two-phase reacting flows were solved in two-dimensional domains. Heat loss to the vessel walls was taken into consideration in the model. The simulation results have a good agreement with those of experiments. Further simulations were carried out for higher H/D ratios from 8 to 15. These results show that H/D=8 is a changing point. When H/D<8, the maximum pressure and the rate of maximum pressure rise decrease with increasing H/D ratios. While H/D>8, the both have an increasing tendency with increasing H/D ratios.     

氧化铝厂蒸发器发生应力腐蚀的原因分析与防治

对氧化铝厂蒸发器发生应力腐蚀的危害性作了介绍 ,描述了应力腐蚀裂纹的特征 ;对应力腐蚀产生的原因进行了分析 ,并提出了防治措施