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621.
建立微库仑滴定法测定水质中可吸附有机卤素AOX的方法,考察3种活性炭柱对于空白的影响。实验结果表明,AOX的检出限为2.19μg/L,相对标准偏差为2.80%,纯水中高、中、低加标回收率在92.5%~107%,新疆棉浆粕企业废水中加标回收率为96.0%~101%。实验室空白也只有新购开封的耶拿原装活性炭小柱能满足标准要求的空白值(<30μg/L)。 相似文献
622.
Yang Jia-Shuo Dai Yanjiao Liu Yongjun Duan Shuhui Li Yang-Yang Hu Risheng Zhou Zhicheng Shi Yi Liu Haiwei Wang Shusheng 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(30):37410-37418
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Cadmium (Cd) pollution threatens agricultural security worldwide. This study tested the efficacy of priming chemicals to decrease Cd uptake by tobacco... 相似文献
623.
苏南地区连续霾及重度霾的边界层气候特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用无锡国家基本观测站1981~2011年地面观测资料及南京、上海和杭州3个探空站的温度廓线资料,对苏南地区连续霾和重度霾的地面形势和边界层气候特征进行了分析。结果表明:苏南地区霾日地面形势主要为均压区型、高压底部或入海高压后部型、冷锋前部型、低压倒槽型和鞍型场;根据地面形势场的变化,连续9 d以上霾分4种类型,这4种类型具有不同的边界层结构变化:Ⅰ型苏南地区受两次大陆高压系统的南压(冷空气的过境),随后分别处于均压区中,该类型逆温层底较低,中层出现逆湿区;Ⅱ型苏南地区受大陆高压底部影响,随着冷空气的南下消退,大陆高压东移入海,苏南处于均压区中,该类型主要以等温层的形势出现,高湿区主要在底层;Ⅲ型随着长江中上游低压倒槽的发展,大陆高压入海后,苏南地区处于低压倒槽顶部,随着冷空气的南下,苏南地区先后受到均压区、高压底部影响,该类型总体逆温强度较弱,逆温层厚度较薄,低层高湿区贯穿于整个连续霾日过程;Ⅳ型主要受西太平洋暖高压、东北冷涡以及西伯利亚冷空气的共同作用,苏南地区随后处于冷锋前部,待冷空气过境后苏南又位于均压区中,该类型逆温强度较强,逆温层顶有逆湿区,逆温层高度越低,地面能见度越低,逆温层强度越强,地面能见度越低;重度霾出现的地面形势主要为均压区、冷锋前部和低压倒槽,重度霾大部分过程逆温层底在近地面,由于本地污染源的排放和外地污染源的侵入,加上逆温或等温层的存在,不利于污染物的扩散,以及底层大湿区,颗粒物的吸湿增长膨大,从而降低地面能见度,形成重度霾 相似文献
624.
Yiping Feng Liang Mao Yijun Chen Shixiang Gao 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(9):6667-6675
The structurally related hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) like hydroxylated 4,4′-dibromodiphenyl ether widely occur in precipitation, surface water, and biotic media. The origins of hydroxylated PBDEs (OH-PBDEs) are of particular interest due to their greater toxic potencies than the corresponding PBDEs. We studied the transformation behavior and products of 4,4′-dibromodiphenyl ether (BDE 15) mediated by lignin peroxidase (LiP), an extracellular enzyme that is produced by certain white rot fungus and is widely present in the natural environment. We found that BDE 15 can be effectively transformed through the reaction mediated by LiP, and two different mono-OH-dibromodiphenyl ethers were identified by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and GC-MS/MS. In particular, we compared the reaction behavior for systems variously containing natural organic matter (NOM) and/or veratryl alcohol (VA), a metabolite that certain fungus produces along with LiP in nature. It was found that the VA’s enhancement effect on LiP performance was impaired by the presence of NOM. The findings in this study provide useful information for better understanding the origins of OH-PBDEs found in the environment. 相似文献
625.
Zhigang Xue Jiming Hao Fahe Chai Ning Duan Yizhen Chen Jindan Li 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(12):1816-1826
Abstract This paper analyzes the air quality impacts of coal-fired power plants in the northern passageway of the West-East Power Transmission Project in China. A three-layer Lagrangian model called ATMOS, was used to simulate the spatial distribution of incremental sulfur dioxide (SO2) and coarse particulate matter (PM10) concentrations under different emission control scenarios. In the year 2005, the emissions from planned power plants mainly affected the air quality of Shanxi, Shaanxi, the common boundary of Inner Mongolia and Shanxi, and the area around the boundary between Inner Mongolia and Ningxia. In these areas, the annually averaged incremental SO2 and PM10 concentrations exceed 2 and 2.5 µg/m3, respectively. The maximum increases of the annually averaged SO2 and PM10 concentrations are 8.3 and 7.2 µg/m3, respectively, which occur around Hancheng city, near the boundary of the Shaanxi and Shanxi provinces. After integrated control measures are considered, the maximum increases of annually averaged SO2 and PM10 concentrations fall to 4.9 and 4 µg/m3, respectively. In the year 2010, the areas affected by planned power plants are mainly North Shaanxi, North Ningxia, and Northwest Shanxi. The maximum increases of the annually averaged SO2 and PM10 concentrations are, respectively, 6.3 and 5.6 µg/m3, occurring in Northwest Shanxi, which decline to 4.4 and 4.1 µg/m3 after the control measures are implemented. The results showed that the proposed power plants mainly affect the air quality of the region where the power plants are built, with little impact on East China where the electricity will be used. The influences of planned power plants on air quality will be decreased greatly by implementing integrated control measures. 相似文献
626.
改性硅藻土复合混凝剂处理深度采油废水 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
某油田深度采油废水中含有大量残油,粘度大、乳化程度高、油水分离困难,本实验采用改性硅藻土吸附和无机混凝剂混凝相结合以处理深度采油废水.结果表明,对于含油浓度为250~ 350 mg/L的石油废水,用强化吸附方法,吸附剂投加量为1.5 g/L,优化实验条件下除油率可达到75%;采用强化混凝的方法,PAC在投药量为200 mg/L的情况下除油率可达到87%;采用强化吸附-混凝联合处理的优化方法,投加0.7 g/L吸附剂+PAC 200 mg/L,除油率>95%,明显高于吸附和混凝单独处理效果,大大改善了出水水质. 相似文献
627.
628.
To investigate short-term effects of ambient ozone exposure on mortality in Chinese cities, we conducted a meta-analysis of 10 effect estimates of 5 short-term studies, which reported associations between ambient ozone and mortality in Chinese mainland cities. And we estimated pooled effects by non-accidental mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and respiratory mortality. Combined estimates and their 95%CI were tested by RevMan 5, and Funnel plots were used for the bias analysis. For a 10 μg m−3 increase of maximum 8-h average concentration of ozone, the percent change for non-accidental mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and respiratory mortality were 0.42 (95%CI, 0.32–0.52%), 0.44% (95%CI, 0.17–0.70%) and 0.50% (95%CI, 0.22–0.77%), respectively. Compared with pooled estimates from other meta-analyses on ambient ozone-associated mortality, our pooled estimate for non-accidental mortality was slightly higher than previous ones and pooled estimate for cardiovascular mortality was consistent with others. However, we observed significantly positive association between ambient ozone and respiratory mortality, which were generally nonsignificant in earlier studies. By combining estimates from published evidence, a small but substantial association between ambient ozone level and mortality was observed in Mainland China. 相似文献
629.
Xianjun Xie Thomas M. Johnson Yanxin Wang Craig C. Lundstrom Andre Ellis Xiangli Wang Mengyu Duan 《Chemosphere》2013,90(6):1878-1884
Iron isotope compositions of various Fe pools in aquifer sediments were measured at a known As-contaminated site in the Datong Basin, China. The δ56Fe values of HCl-extracted poor-crystalline Fe(III) range widely from ?0.41‰ to 0.36‰. We interpret the low Fe(II)/FeExtractable ratios (<50%) and the negative correlation between Fe(II)/FeExtractable and δ56Fe values in HCl-extracted poor-crystalline Fe to be best explained by redox cycling of Fe induced by microbial Fe(III) reduction. However, the high Fe(II)/FeExtractable ratios (?70%) and positive correlation between Fe(II)/FeExtractable and δ56Fe values for HCl-extracted poor-crystalline Fe indicates production of sulfides (FeSs). The δ56Fe values of crystalline Fe(III) extracted by reductant appears to be comparatively small varying from ?0.01‰ to 0.24‰, which is consistent with the δ56Fe values for ferric oxides/hydroxides having undergone microbial Fe(III) reduction. The Fe isotope composition of various Fe pools shows the transformation between crystalline Fe(III) and poor-crystalline crystalline Fe(III) and the secondary Fe(II) phases has already occurred or is occurring in aquifer sediments. More importantly, there is a significant difference in the As concentrations in crystalline Fe(III) oxides/hydroxides and HCl-extracted Fe phases. The concentrations of As range from 1.6 to 29.9 mg kg?1 and from 0.6 to 3.0 mg kg?1, for crystalline Fe(III) and HCl-extracted Fe phases respectively. Accordingly, the transformation of Fe minerals induced by microbial Fe(III) reduction can contribute to the mobilization of As. This study is the first to examine the Fe isotope compositions in high As aquifer sediments; the results show that the Fe isotope would be an important tool in demonstrating the enrichment of As in groundwater. 相似文献
630.