烟气扩散的CFD数值模拟

运用商业CFD软件Fluent模拟计算小尺寸下的简单烟气扩散规律.将结果用正态分布假设下的高斯烟羽模型验证.证明该软件模拟烟气扩散问题的可行性.     

黑河流域生态环境的脆弱性及其对地下水的依赖性

本文通过翔实的素材阐述了河西走廊黑河流域生态环境的脆弱性及其对地下水环境的依赖性,根据野外实地考察实料揭月了适合西北生态脆弱区的地下水可持续利用模式,并指出了生态环境保护与水资源利用协调发展的国土安全意义.     

改性树脂NKZ对水溶性染料的吸附特性研究

根据聚合物絮凝剂与染料相互作用机理,用硝基胍对大孔型氯球改性得到了功能化吸附树脂NKZ.从热力学和动力学两方面研究了该树脂对5种水溶性染料的静态吸附特性.结果表明,树脂NKZ对水溶性染料的吸附具有很好的效果.     

灾害对国民经济影响的定量分析模型及其应用

自然灾害对国民经济和人民生活能造成巨大的损失 ,因此 ,研究灾害对国民经济的影响具有重要的意义。灾害系统是一个十分复杂的系统 ,直接建立灾害对国民经济影响的定量分析模型比较困难。本文基于投入产出方法 ,讨论了直接和间接经济损失在投入 -产出表中的表达方式 ,建立了灾害损失评估的定量分析模型 ,并以农业为例 ,分析了自然灾害造成的农业总产值损失对整个经济系统的影响。     

毕节地区各土类水土保持树种的Fuzzy评价

根据毕节地区16个主要造林树种的生态生物学特性,结合本区气候和土壤生态条件,运用 Fuzzy 二级评价模型,对各土类水土保持树种的适宜程度进行了综合评价。     

碳中和愿景下电力部门低碳转型路径研究

碳中和愿景一方面加速了全社会电气化发展,致使电力需求持续增加,另一方面对尽早实现零碳电力提出要求,电力部门低碳转型进程更加紧迫而复杂。本文首先定性分析碳中和背景下电力部门的总体转型思路和技术不确定性影响,其次采用电力部门与终端部门耦合的C~3IAM/NET模型对电力需求进行预测,同时根据关键低碳技术发展的保守预期和积极预期设计多种情景,以开展电力低碳转型路径优化和成本效益研究。结果显示,发电碳排放量峰值可能出现在40亿～42亿吨,在2049—2060年有望实现零碳电力,电力部门低碳转型速度和效果因技术不确定性而存在明显差异。2021—2060年电力低碳转型累计投入为171万亿～180万亿元,CCS技术累计减排贡献超过250亿吨,可再生能源电力占比需达到68%以上,风电和光电将成为主要电力。     

Spatial distribution of DDT in sediments from estuarine rivers of central Florida

Sediments may act as both a carrier for and a potential source of contaminants such as toxic organics in aquatic environments. This study investigated the spatial distribution of the pesticide DDT [1,1, 1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] in sediments from the Cedar and Ortega Rivers located in the lower St. Johns River basin, Florida, USA, using field measurements and three-dimensional kriging analysis. High DDT concentrations were found near the junction of the Cedar and Ortega Rivers and at the north end of the Ortega River in the upper 0.5 m of the sediments, indicating that the sediment was enriched with DDT in the top layer although use of this chlorinated compound was banned in 1972. Further study revealed that the influence of sediment grain size or texture on DDT contamination was negligible in this river system and no linear correlations existed among DDT and its metabolites such as DDD [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] and DDE [1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene]. Comparison of three-dimensional distribution of DDT content to the Florida sediment quality assessment guideline or probable effect level (PEL) showed several "hot spots" in the Ortega River sediments, where DDT contents exceeded the PEL value of 4.78 microg kg(-1). Such contamination may pose a significant hazard to aquatic life.     

Influence of temperature and time on phosphorus removal in swine manure during batch aeration

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of temperature and time on the mechanisms of phosphorus removal in swine manure during aeration. Removal of soluble orthophosphates significantly increased with aeration time and temperature. Successive significant ortho-P removals were observed between days one and nine but no significant additional removals were recorded thereafter. Removals were significantly higher at temperatures of 20 and 25 degrees C than at temperatures of 5, 10, and 15 degrees C and ranged between 22.9 to 31.0%. Insoluble inorganic phosphorus also changed significantly with aeration time and temperature and with a similar trend as soluble orthophosphates. The pH of the manure explained 92 and 87% of the content of insoluble inorganic phosphorus at lower temperatures (5, 10, 15 degrees C) and at higher temperatures (20, and 25 degrees C), respectively. Organic phosphorus and aerobes growth patterns were similar to that of soluble orthophosphates removal. The rapid growth of aerobes was most probably the principal factor behind a rapid soluble ortho-P removal above 15 degrees C. The contribution of inorganic phosphates to the removal of soluble orthophosphates was approximately 61% while that due to organic P was approximately 35%. Precipitation was found to be the principal mechanism governing removal of soluble ortho-P in swine manure during aeration treatments.     

我国粮食生产布局变化特点及其成因分析

建国以来,我国粮食生产呈波浪型上了四个台阶,粮食总产量分别达到２亿ｔ、３亿ｔ、４亿ｔ、ｔｗｎ ｔ。总的来说,粮食产量呈现超伏涨落但缓慢上升的趋势。过去５０年,我国的粮食生产及布局发生了巨大的变化。首先,粮食增长逐渐由以前的单产和总产并重转变为以提高单为主。其次,粮食结构也发生了变化,很长一段时间,我国的粮食增长主要信赖于水稻增产,８０年代以后,水稻在粮食生产中的比重迅速下降,而小麦和玉米所占比重帽     

2006年第二季度汤河水质监测与分析

2006年第二季度，共选取水温、浊度、悬浮物、pH值、溶解氧、亚硝酸盐氮、总磷、硬度、六价铬、高锰酸盐指数和BOD5几个指标对秦皇岛市河北大街西段汤河大桥与和平大街汤河大桥之间的汤河河段进行了水质监测。分析结果表明：汤河水质仅能达到四类水的标准，适用于一般工业用水及人体非直接接触的娱乐用水。