An approach to the fluctuation mechanism of ecotone

In this paper,the relationship among land productivity,population pressure and the fluctuation mechanism of ecotone is analyzed,taking coumties and banners of southeast Inner Mongolia plateau as an example,which is the most fragile part in the farming and husbandry interleaving belt of north China due to its severe desertification degree and low level of economic development.The Cv for the total output value of agriculture decreases from southeast to northwest,with the same rule as which the overloading population cumulated distributes,and both indicators have close relation with the high linear coefficient of 0.83.These reveal the fluctuation mechanism for ecotone:fluctuation of the level of economic development is a scientific and practical measure both to weakness degree and to instability of ecotone,because it is a synthesized response to the variation of climate as well as irrational land uses,which reinforce and magnify the fluctuation.In detail,the heavier the population overloading,the severer the grassland reclamation,the stronger the dependence of regional productivity on rainfall,the lower the level of economic development,the rougher the fluctuation of ecotone,but the weaker the PRED system.     

元素地球化学不活动组分判别——以库布苏金矿中矿带研究为例

本文从探讨元素不活动组分的原理出发 ,利用Gresens(196 7)质量平衡方程及Brimhall等 (1987)提出的元素不活动组分ΔX -fv 图解 ,对复杂热液成矿体系的元素不活动组分进行了深入探讨。指出了复杂体系内部各个子体系间元素不活动组分及体积变化上的差异。并结合实际 ,对库布苏金矿中矿带元素不活动组分进行了研究。同时对一些矿床地质现象的形成及成矿物质来源从元素地球化学角度进行了解释和判断。     

区域(城市)水体中主要有机毒物的筛选

本研究发展了区域(或城市)水体中主要有毒化学品的筛选方法。 在城市下游采集大体积水样,用CH_2Cl_2洗脱,再用有机溶剂萃取,用硅胶柱把有机物分成许多馏分,馏分最终变为水溶液。每个馏分中有机物浓度比原水大1000倍。用这种馏分水溶液进行溞的急性毒性试验和Ames试验。只对毒性大的馏分进行色谱/质谱/数据系统的鉴定和定量分析,然后根据各个化合物的急性毒性、降解难易和“三致”物质的资料及原水样中有机物的浓度资料,就可筛选出一个区域(城市)水体中的主要有毒化学品。     

青藏高原科学考察研究的新阶段

<正> 解放后我国对青藏高原组织过多次科学考察,特别是1973年开始的全面、系统的青藏高原综合科学考察,取得了丰硕的成果,在国际上产生了较大的影响。70年代开始的这次针对全部高原的科学考察分为3个阶段:第一阶段(1973—1980年)考察了西藏自治区;第二阶段(1981—1986年)考察了川西、藏东和滇西北的横断山区;第三阶段自1987     

微机上冲裁CAD系统的开发

此文介绍了一套在微机上开发的冲裁CAD系统。它以Foxbase作为数据库管理系统,Trubo C为编程语言,能进行冲裁件图形输入与显示、工艺性分析、优化单排排样和选择板材规格、冲裁件尺寸识别和模具刃口尺寸计算、冲裁力和压力中心计算、以及凹模周界尺寸计算等。本系统主界面为下拉式菜单界面,全中文提示,人机界面友好,具有较好的可扩充性和容错性。     

关于义县生态环境保护与建设方案

根据义县生态环境的现状及存在的问题，运用生态学原理，提出了水土保持与退耕还林还草、水资源保护与科学利用、农村能源建设、村屯生态建设、发展生态农业经济、自然保护区建设等相应的建设方案。     

港口煤炭码头大气降尘与总量控制

提出了煤炭港口煤尘污染总量控制的方法 ,论证了港口大气降尘与煤尘污染的关系。运用平均数控制图的原理 ,解决控制港口煤尘污染的问题。     

实施大气氟化物排污权交易的改进意见

在环保管理引入市场机制的条件下，如何推行并实施大气氟化物排污交易工作，本文就在法律、科研、管理、机构及经济手段等方面提出改进意见，供参考。     

利川市生活垃圾卫生填埋场场址的比选

选址是卫生填埋场建设和运行的关键。以利川市实际情况为前提和依据，筐选出7个预选场址，经实地踏勘和从填坦容量、运输距离、搬迁户数量等方面分析，遴选出其中3个；分别从工程学、环境学、经济学、社会与法律等方面中如交通状况、服务年限、占地面积、基岩类型、渗透系数、地下水位、覆盖土来源等13项具体条件上对3个备选场址进行了详细的分析比较，确定杨柳村大天井为最终选定场址。利川垃圾填埋场的选址工作也可以为同类型的城市或地区提供参考和借鉴。     

Relation between some variations of soil and surface vegetatio and desertization in agriculture-pasture interlacing zone an example from Kangbao County,North Hebei,China

The studied agriculture-pasture interlacing zone has its specific natural conditions,at which the natural systems are unstable ,their self-regulation capability is low and the equilibrium is easily broken, and hence the habitat is fairly vulnerable.During last 20 years the increasing population and livestock ,over-reclamation,over-pasturing,over-deforesting, and other intensified negative human activities in the zone resulted in coarsening of surface soil,decrease of organic mater content in soil, reduction of vegetation coverage ,variation and degradation of flora structure, and hence in desertization of the land, although average of gales and sandstorms some decreased and the climate tended to be better in the region.However, the frequent sandstorms occurring in the springs of last and present years has attracted much attention.Investigations confirmed that the main cause for the phenomena is the unreasonable human activites rater than the natural factors.