Effect of blue light on early sporophyte development of Saccharina japonica (Phaeophyta)

Growth and photosynthesis in the blade of Saccharina sporophytes are strongly stimulated by blue light. However, little is known about the effect of blue light on the early development and longitudinal photosynthesis profile of Saccharina sporophytes. In this study, S. japonica sporelings were cultured under blue or red light for 8 weeks. Blue light affected longitudinal, tangential cell divisions and tissue differentiation early in sporophyte development. The number of latitudinal cells in the blade under blue light was over fivefold that under red light. In addition, the number of cell layers was higher in the growing point than in the blade under blue light, whereas sporelings grown under red light contained only a single cell layer. Under blue light, the photosynthetic capacities of the growing region, blade and stipe were similar, and the maximum relative electron transport rate was even lower in the growing point than in the blade. The longitudinal photosynthesis profile suggested that blue light stimulated the enzymes participating in light-independent carbon fixation in the growing point and accordingly was less dependent on high light irradiances. Collectively, the results indicated that blue light promotes the early development of S. japonica sporophytes, which was attributed to both photomorphogenetic responses and photosynthetic reactions.     

Sorption of tetracycline to sediments and soils: assessing the roles of pH,the presence of cadmium and properties of sediments and soils

Batch sorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the sorption behavior of tetracycline (TC, H₃L) on sediments and soils in the presence and absence of cadmium (Cd), as affected by pH and properties of sediments and soils. The results indicated stronger nonlinearity and higher capacity of TC sorption on sediments than on soils. Sorption of TC also strongly depended on environmental factors and sediment/soil properties. Lower pH facilitated TC sorption through a cation exchange mechanism, which also took place at pH values above 5.5, where TC existed as a zwitterion (H₂L⁰) or anions (HL^- and L^2-). When pH was above 7, however, ligand-promoted dissolution of TC might occur due to TC weakening the Al-O bond of aluminum oxide and the Fe-O bond of iron oxide. Natural organic matter (NOM) plays a more important role in TC sorption than cation exchange capacity (CEC) and clay contents. The presence of Cd (II) increased TC sorption on both sediments and soils, which resulted from the decrease of equilibrium solution pH caused by Cd²⁺ exchange with H⁺ ions of sediment/soil surfaces. The increase of TC sorption was also related to the formation of TC-Cd complexes, where Cd²⁺ acted as a bridge between the sediment/soil and TC.     

脉冲电弧液相放电等离子体处理生活污水回用研究

利用脉冲电弧液相放电等离子体技术,采用某小区的生活污水,研究放电脉冲次数、放电峰值电压、曝气量对COD、氨氮去除的影响.随着放电脉冲次数的增加,COD与氨氮去除率逐渐升高,当放电脉冲次数为400次时,COD和氨氮的去除率分别为81.8％、80.3％.随着放电峰值电压的升高与曝气量的增加,COD、氨氮的去除效率增加.在相同放电处理时间下,当峰值电压为18 kV时,曝气量大于4m3/h,COD去除率大于96％,氨氮去除率大于90％,出水水质满足回用标准.     

危险废物出口管理的虱际经验及对我国的启示

中国危险废物的产生量呈增长态势,危险废物出口的数量也逐年增加。本文重点分析美国、日本等发达国家的危险废物出口管理经验,结合发展中国家马来西亚的管理模式,通过综合研究国际危险废物出口管理政策,对我国危险废物出口管理工作提出了建议。     

基于CIS理论的绿色大学评价指标体系研究

通过研究绿色大学建设过程中出现的不足,提出构建绿色大学评价指标体系是建设绿色大学的前提。以CIS（企业识别系统）理论为依据,从理念层、行为层和物质层三个层面进行研究,构建了一个由3个一级指标12个二级指标和45个三级指标构成的绿色大学评级指标体系。最后对绿色大学的评价方法进行了简单陈述。     

石化环境监测LIMS系统中BOD5的组态方法

文章阐述了石化环境监测LIMS系统中BOD5的组态方法。在组态之前,需要根据实际工作中变量的常规取值对BOD5和溶解氧的计算公式进行简化,组态BOD5的LIMS分析方法所需的组态分项包括水样在培养前后的溶解氧浓度等15个,每个分项均应根据数据类型、修约规则、计量单位设置相应的属性,空白样在培养前、后的溶解氧质量浓度用LabWare LIMS的"标准试剂"功能实现组态。BOD5值根据分析方法的计算公式、检出限、测定范围等限定条件编制程序语句计算出最终结果,编程组态后的LIMS分析经反复测试完全正确。     

Assessment of Vegetation Establishment on Tailings Dam at an Iron Ore Mining Site of Suburban Beijing, China, 7 Years After Reclamation with Contrasting Site Treatment Methods

Strip-mining operations greatly disturb soil, vegetation and landscape elements, causing many ecological and environmental problems. Establishment of vegetation is a critical step in achieving the goal of ecosystem restoration in mining areas. At the Shouyun Iron Ore Mine in suburban Beijing, China, we investigated selective vegetation and soil traits on a tailings dam 7 years after site treatments with three contrasting approaches: (1) soil covering (designated as SC), (2) application of a straw mat, known as “vegetation carpet”, which contains prescribed plant seed mix and water retaining agent (designated as VC), on top of sand piles, and (3) combination of soil covering and application of vegetation carpet (designated as SC+VC). We found that after 7 years of reclamation, the SC+VC site had twice the number of plant species and greater biomass than the SC and VC sites, and that the VC site had a comparable plant abundance with the SC+VC site but much less biodiversity and plant coverage. The VC site did not differ with the SC site in the vegetation traits, albeit low soil fertility. It is suggested that application of vegetation carpet can be an alternative to introduction of topsoil for treatment of tailings dam with fine-structured substrate of ore sands. However, combination of topsoil treatment and application of vegetation carpet greatly increases vegetation coverage and plant biodiversity, and is therefore a much better approach for assisting vegetation establishment on the tailings dam of strip-mining operations. While application of vegetation carpet helps to stabilize the loose surface of fine-structured mine wastes and to introduce seed bank, introduction of fertile soil is necessary for supplying nutrients to plant growth in the efforts of ecosystem restoration of mining areas.     

A~2/O工艺在低温低浓度条件下处理效果及节能减耗研究

研究在低水温条件下,进厂污水中有机物浓度较低时(污水平均BOD5为45 mg/L左右),漳扎污水处理厂生化系统较优的运行工况。研究结果表明,在上述情况下,较优的连续运行工况为:污泥回流比为75%左右,MLSS为3 200~3 500 mg/L,生化池处的溶解氧在0.7~1.3 mg/L之间;较优的间歇运行工况为:以曝气3 h停曝3 h的方式运行,生化池处的溶解氧在3~5 mg/L之间,污泥回流比为75%左右,MLSS为3 200~3 500 mg/L。上述两种运行工况对污水中的污染物质都有较高的去除率,能成功避免污泥解絮的发生,使系统中的微生物平稳过冬;其中间歇曝气方式能达到节能减耗的目的,建议在旅游淡季时采用该方式运行。     

两种改良型A~2/O工艺处理城市污水的运行实例

以广东省佛山市甲、乙两间污水处理厂为例,从工艺特征、工艺参数、水质特点、存在问题及相应措施几个方面介绍了两种改良型A2/O工艺在不同进水条件下的运行情况。     

贵州土地复垦发展现状及其对策研究

详细分析了贵州省土地复垦的发展现状以及近年来所做的工作及成效,研究了矿山开采等活动对贵州省土地资源造成的破坏及生态危害,提出了具体的土地复垦的技术措施。为了实现能源、环境、社会、人口和经济的可持续发展,土地复垦是必然选择。