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881.
882.
通过2014年上海市西部郊区PM2.5的浓度变化分析了该地区的PM2.5污染分布状况,并且从温度、湿度和风向等方面讨论了PM2.5浓度与气象因子的关联性.结果表明:该地区2014全年超标天数有112天,超标率为30.7%,PM2.5月均浓度呈夏低冬高的趋势状态,并且PM2.5浓度与气象条件有密切的联系.该地区气温在5~15℃、湿度在60~70%时PM2.5浓度最高;在以东风为主导风盛行时,该地区PM2.5浓度较低,而在以西风为主导风盛行时,该地区易受到周边区域的高污染因素影响,形成PM2.5高浓度累积现象. 相似文献
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884.
迄今为止,关于土体与结构交界面的接触效应对地下结构地震反应的影响尚未引起研究者们的重视,成果鲜有报道。本文基于接触面对法和非线性有限元波动分析方法,建立了考虑土体与结构界面接触效应的地下结构非线性地震反应分析模型和计算方法,并利用大型有限元软件ANSYS进行了求解。分析结果表明:土体与结构界面的接触效应对地下结构地震反应有明显影响,可能增大地下结构节点的峰值加速度、峰值位移和峰值应力反应;随着接触摩擦系数的增大,接触点的相对滑移逐渐减小,而接触应力的变化则无明显规律。 相似文献
885.
Lei Li Jian Xu Changsheng Guo Yuan Zhang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2013,7(3):382-387
Hexahedron-like BiPO4 microcrystals were sucessfully synthesized via a template-free hydrothermal method. The resulting samples were characterized by Xray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis spectroscopy. The BiPO4 samples were of pure monoclinic phase, and the initial amount of PO3–4 during synthesis did not show obvious effect on the phase properties of the materials. The hexahedron-like BiPO4 microcrystal had explicitly cut edges, and its thickness was about 1 μm. The photocatalytic performance of the BiPO4 catalysts was evaluated by photodegradation of RhB under UV light irradiation with commerial Degussa P25 TiO2 as reference. Compared with P25, the BiPO4 catalysts displayed higher photocatalytic activity, with 98.7% of RhB degraded during 60-min experiment. Cost evaluation analysis was adopted to describe the energy consumption of the degradation process, and the results suggested the potential application of this material in the field of dye-contaminated wastewater treatment or environmental matrices remediation. 相似文献
886.
Evaluation of sustainability is the core of research on sustainable land use. To a certain extent, traditional social, economic and ecological evaluation for sustainable land use can be regarded as an appraisal on the temporal scale without evaluation of spatial patterns. Landscape ecology can help to realize spatial evaluation for sustainable land use. In this paper, we construct landscape ecological indicators for evaluating sustainable coastal land use from the aspects of landscape productivity, threats and stability, to realize a synthetic temporal-spatial evaluation. These cover the five pillars of sustainable land use, i.e. productivity, security, protection, viability and acceptability. The results of applying landscape ecological evaluation to a case study in Wudi County in China show that land use sustainability is somewhat low and there are great regional differences between its 11 villages. We classified the 11 villages into 5 grades: strong sustainable land use, sustainable land use, weak sustainable land use, weak unsustainable land use, and strong unsustainable land use. Each grade has different land use characteristics and differs in the counter-measures required. But the core countermeasures in all the grades are to improve landscape productivity, to reduce human threats and to optimize landscape patterns. 相似文献
887.
Hui Wang Fa Yuan Wang Zhi Qiang Wei Hong Ying Hu 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2011,176(1-4):157-167
A total of 11 sediment samples were collected from the sites along Haihe River?CBohai Bay, with site 1 at the beginning of Haihe River and site 11 in Bohai Bay, about 150 km away from site 1. Quinone profiles were used for the analysis of microbial community as influenced by pollutants in water and sediments, such as heavy metals, and other environmental factors. Nineteen species of quinones were found at site 1 while only six species at sites 10 and 11. Both the diversity of quinone species (DQ) and the number of quinones were higher in the sediments from Haihe River and the near-sea area of Bohai Bay than in those from the deep-sea area. The ?? diversity values were significantly higher, while Jaccard indexes of similarity were much lower among non-contiguous pairs of sites as compared with the contiguous ones. Cluster analysis indicated that quinone profiles may be grouped into two main clusters (sites 1?C7 and sites 8?C11), and there were higher similarities within the groups than between groups. Quinone species composition varied at different sites. Ubiquinones such as UQ-8, UQ-9, and UQ-10 and menaquinones such as MK-6, MK-7, MK-8 were isolated from all the sites and accounted for the largest proportions. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that both the number of quinone species and DQ correlated positively with total organic carbon contents in water and sediments, but negatively correlated with salinity and electroconductivity and did not correlate significantly with heavy metal contents in water. 相似文献
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889.
890.
Industrial symbiosis, a subfield of industrial ecology, focuses on transforming the waste of one firm into the valuable input of another, which improves the competitive advantages of supply chain by reducing production cost and improving environmental performance. Considering the specific situation where there are so many state-owned big company groups in China, this paper utilizes the ideas of constructing an industrial symbiosis among different firms, and does a case study on applying the concept into the inner relationships' reconstruction among different production systems in a big state-owned smeltery in South-west China. Three kinds of approaches are explored: 1) recycling and reusing the release; 2) concentrating and abstracting metals from the residues; 3) extending the product chain for value-added products. The results show that it can effectively improve the competitive advantage of the enterprise in terms of decreasing production cost and improving environmental performance. 相似文献