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801.
Distribution and Risk Assessment of Fluoride in Drinking Water in the West Plain Region of Jilin Province, China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Bo Z Mei H Yongsheng Z Xueyu L Xuelin Z Jun D 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2003,25(4):421-431
The west plain region of Jilin province of northeast China is one of the typical endemic fluorosis areas caused by drinking water for many years. Investigations of hydrogeological and ecoenvironmental conditions as well as endemic fluorosis were conducted in 1998. Results show that the ground water, especially, the water in the unconfined aquifer is the main source of drinking water for local residents. The fluoride concentration in groundwater in the unconfined aquifers is higher than that in the confined aquifer in the west plain of Jilin province. The fluoride concentration in the unconfined aquifer can be used to classify the plain into fluoride deficient area, optimum area and excess area, which trend from west to east. High fluoride (>1.0 mg L(-1)) in drinking water resulted in dental and skeletal fluorosis in local residents (children and pregnant women). There exists a positive correlation between fluoride concentration in the drinking water and the morbidities of endemic fluorosis disease (r1 = 0.781, r2 = 0.872). Health risks associated with fluoride concentration in drinking water are assessed. It has been determined that fluoride concentration in excess of 1.0 mg L(-1) exposes residents to high health risks based on risk identification. The study area is classified into five health risk classes as shown in Figure 4. The risk indexes of this area more than 1.0 are accounted for 68% of the total west plain region. 相似文献
802.
Y.H. Dong H. Wang Q. An X. Ruiz M. Fasola Y.M. Zhang 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2004,26(2):259-268
The levels of organochlorine compounds in eggs of water birds from the colony on Tai Lake in China were studied. The eggs were collected in 2000 and belonged to the following species: 65 samples of black-crowned night heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), 36 samples of little egret (Egretta garzetta), 26 samples of cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) from 13 clutches and 43 samples of Chinese pond heron (Ardeola bacchus) from 17 clutches. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its derivates (DDE and DDD), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) and its isomers (-HCH, -HCH, -HCH, -HCH), heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, endrin aldehyde, -endosulfan, -endosulfan, and endosulfan sulfate were determined in the laboratory by gas chromatography. The data showed that DDE had the highest levels in all the samples, followed by -HCH. The mean levels of DDE among the water bird species were in the order as follows: black-crowned night heron (5464.26ng/g, dry weight) > Chinese pond heron (2791.12ng/g, dry weight) > little egret (1979.97ng/g, dry weight) > cattle egret (660.11ng/g, dry weight). DDT and its metabolites accounted for 90% of the total organochlorines, except that it was only 73% for cattle egret. The differences of the residue among the bird species were statistically significant and could be attributed to their variations in prey and habitat. Although the DDE burdens in Tai Lake were much lower than 8 g/g (wet weight) which are thought to have significant adverse effects on black-crowned night herons, they would be expected to increase the risk of adverse effects on survival of chicks of herons and egrets, particularly black-crowned night heron, based on the critical value of 1 g/g (wet weight) DDE. The burdens of HCHs in this study were higher and the cyclodienes were lower than those found elsewhere. 相似文献
803.
水体表面微层中酞酸酯的光降解研究 总被引:30,自引:0,他引:30
研究了水体表面微层中酞酸酯化合物光降解的动力学,指出光催化降解符合一级动力学过程,实验证明:催化剂TiO2为2g.l^-1,pH为6,并有H2O2存在时,是DBP,DEHP光降解的最佳条件,溶解氧增加有利于光降解,实际表面微层水样的光催化降解速率比模拟水样快。 相似文献
804.
805.
我国电子废物再生利用过程中产生的环境污染问题已经引起全社会的关注。随着电子产品报废量的不断增加,如何推动电子废物的循环利用,加强再利用过程二次污染的控制是我国当前迫切需要解决的问题。在分析我国电子废物管理法律法规演进特点的基础上,结合发达国家的管理经验,提出了促进电子废物循环利用,控制再利用过程环境风险的政策建议。 相似文献
806.
论中—下扬子“一盖多底”格局与演化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文是“长江中小下游及邻区构造地质图1/100万”(85-901-03)的研究成果。在区内划分出4种变质基底,结合深部资料确定4个构造—地层地体.讨论了各自组成、历史和相互拼接时代,强调了晚元古代普宁运动在地质发展中的重大意义。认为晋宁运动Ⅰ幕(1000-900Ma)是杨子区内各地体向崆岭—董岭古陆拼贴的增生期.扬子地块形成;晋宁运动Ⅱ幕(800-700Ma)是华北—扬子—华夏地块对接时代.形成古中国大陆。古生代以来为盖层发育阶段。提出中下扬子的“一盖多底”的地壳结构。纵览扬子地块地质发展和演化.可分为四个历史时期:基底发育与古中国大陆形成期;盖层发育与加里东运动;欧亚大陆形成与印支运动;陆缘—板内变形与燕山运动。 相似文献
807.
试验了烧碱法草浆黑液中,钠在厌氧过程中的抑制特性。研究表明,钠盐抑制作用强度为:氯化钠>木素钠>硫酸钠>硅酸钠。相对产甲烷率PM(I)和钠浓度I的关系,可用PM(I)=[1+(I/Ki)^a]^-1拟合,污泥经过驯化,对钠的耐受能力可提高。 相似文献
808.
土地利用规划环境影响评价——以双流县为例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
土地利用规划对社会经济的发展和生态环境都会产生深刻的影响,尽早开展其环境影响评价对于保证决策的正确性是十分必要的。文章介绍了土地利用规划环境影响评价的基本程序和内容,提出了一系列的评价原则,分析了与其他环境影响评价的关系。并以双流县为例进行了分析。 相似文献
809.
810.
火电厂灰场排水除氟与降pH的试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文根据湖北荆门热电厂灰场排水水质情况采用硫酸铝-助凝剂的方法进行了除氟与降pH的试验研究.分别通过静态试验、实验室配水动态试验和现场动态试验,使灰场排水中的氟离子含量由18mg/L左右降至10mg/L以下,pH值由9左右降至8以下。灰场排水处理量为每小时5t的现场试验结果表明,降低水中氟离子含量并同时降低其pH值的药品成本费为每吨灰火0.05元左右,只降低pH的药成本费为每吨灰水0.03元以下. 相似文献