Nitrogen fertilization decrease soil CO2 emission in a rainfed maize field in Northeast China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Nitrogen fertilizer has considerable effects on soil carbon fluxes. However, the responses of soil CO2 emission to N fertilizer remain controversial....     

Trends of ischemic heart disease mortality attributable to household air pollution during 1990–2019 in China and India: an age-period-cohort analysis

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) caused by household air pollution (HAP) have sparked widespread concern globally in the recent decade. Meanwhile,...     

Removal performance and mechanisms of Pb(II) and Sb(V) from water by iron-doped phosphogypsum: single and coexisting systems

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The serious environmental risks caused by Pb(II) and Sb(V) co-contamination increase the need for their efficient and simultaneous removal. In this...     

Study on dust–gas coupling pollution law and selection of optimal purification distance of air duct during tunneling process

During the excavation of high gas mine, gas and dust often exist at the same time. In order to ensure that the gas concentration remains within a safe range and minimize the risk of workers’ pneumoconiosis, we simulated the interaction mechanism of airflow, gas, and dust, explored the pollution law of gas and dust, and obtained the optimal purification distance (L_p) by the CFD method. The reliability of the numerical simulation was verified by field measurements. Firstly, the properties of the gas and dust affected the structure of the airflow field. At the same time, the change in the airflow field affected the concentration distributions of the gas and dust. During the diffusion process, some high-risk regions in which the gas or dust concentrations exceeded 0.80% or 200 mg/m³, respectively, were discovered. Moreover, we have found that the airflow velocity in the top region of the tunnel and at the intersection corner between the cutting face and tunnel wall was the main factor affecting the purification effects. When L_p = 5–8 m, the gas concentration remained below 0.50%. When L_p = 6 m, the dust concentration reached a minimum of 287.5 mg/m³. Therefore, the optimal purification distance was determined to be 6 m; in which case, the gas and dust concentrations decreased by 32.84% and 47.02%, respectively.

     

氧化-微絮凝-高速过滤应用于再生水生产的研究

以中国北方缺水地区污水再生利用为目标,采用常规滤料双层过滤探讨高速微絮凝、氧化过滤再生水处理技术,试验通过不同的滤料级配、滤层厚度的对比试验;采用3种混凝剂和3种助凝剂做筛选试验,发现采用1#混凝剂,HFO助凝剂做絮凝氧化剂效果较理想,得出高速微絮凝氧化过滤工艺处理城市污水厂二级出水的工艺是可行的。试验装置的滤池单位面积周期产水量为50m3/(m2.h),最佳工艺条件下出水浊度去除率为92.21%,平均浊度为0.889NTU;COD去除率为55.58%,平均为22.33mg/L;PO34--P去除率为84%,平均为0.135mg/L;色度去除率为80.7%,平均为1.45度,完全符合GB/T18920-2002《城市污水再生利用城市杂用水质》要求。     

节能型焦化污水生物脱氮新工艺的生产性试验研究

采用节能型生物脱氮新工艺对黑龙江某焦化厂的污水处理站进行生产性试验研究,结果表明:处理后出水达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》一级,并可回用于熄焦。该工艺适合推广应用于焦化污水、垃圾渗滤液、养殖、化肥等高含氮有机污水的处理。     

不同类型绿地对南京热岛效应的缓解作用

通过研究南京市区林地、有行道树的道路、草坪地、水泥地面篮球场4种城市土地利用类型的气温、空气相对湿度、太阳辐射强度、地面辐射强度和地表温度等因子,比较了不同类型绿地对城市热岛效应的缓解作用.结果表明,在夏季,悬铃木(Platanus acerifolia willd)、水杉(Metasequoia glyptostroboides Hu et Cheng)、薄壳山核桃(Carya illinoensis K.Koch)行道树以及马褂木(Liriodendron chinense ×L.tulipifera)林能有效阻止阳光直射,太阳辐射强度明显低于篮球场和马尼拉草坪(Zoysia matrella L.Merr);地面辐射强度、地表温度和气温从高到低依次为篮球场,草坪,行道树,马褂木林;而空气相对湿度则表现出相反的趋势;从热岛效应的缓解效果看,树林最强,行道树次之,草坪较弱.     

白腐真菌-活性污泥联合处理棉浆黑液的研究

棉浆黑液是一类较难处理的工业有机废水,其中含有大量木质素,木质素不仅是化纤工业废水中主要污染物,而且也是造纸工业的副产物,由于得不到充分利用,变成环境污染物,严重污染了环境.因此,迫切需要一种高效低成本的处理方法来解决这一问题.为了有效处理化纤厂棉浆黑液,采用以白腐真菌糙皮侧耳(Pleutrotus ostreatus)B1为降解菌的鼓泡塔反应器与活性污泥法联合处理棉浆黑液,初步摸索可行的处理工艺并确定相关参数.棉浆黑液经鼓泡塔反应器预处理、活性污泥法后处理,废水COD去除率为94%～97%,出水COD低于国家污水三级排放标准(1 000 mg·L-1).将白腐真菌糙皮侧耳B1投加到活性污泥中,逐渐增加进水负荷,COD去除率为55%～83%,明显好于活性污泥单独处理工艺.实验结果表明了白腐真菌.活性污泥联合处理棉浆黑液是可行的.     

有机磷阻燃剂生产废水预处理工艺研究

采用液膜萃取—酸析沉降—络合萃取组合工艺对有机磷阻燃剂生产废水进行预处理.最佳工艺条件为:液膜萃取时,液膜油相(表面活性剂与煤油的混合液)与内水相(H2SO4溶液)的体积比2∶1、乳化液膜与废水的体积比1∶8、废水pH 13.0,硫酸体积分数10％、煤油中表面活性剂质量浓度30 g/L、液膜萃取时间 15 min;酸析沉降时,废水pH l.0,酸析沉降时间30 min;络合萃取时,络合萃取剂(烷基叔胺N235与煤油的混合液)中烷基叔胺N235体积分数30％,络合萃取剂与废水的体积比1∶4,废水pH l.0,络合萃取时间30 min.在此最佳处理条件下,废水COD总去除率可达93％,吡啶去除率达99.9％以上,总磷去除率可达97％,BOD5/COD提高至0.32,有利于后续生化处理.     

折线法和滚球法确定避雷针保护范围的安全性分析

概述了如何利用折线法和滚球法确定避雷针保护范围 ,并通过分析对比两者的安全性 ,提出了必须具体问题具体对待才能做到安全防雷