有机膨润土多次吸附模拟废水中苯酚的性能及机理

研究了一系列有机膨润土多次吸附水中高浓度苯酚的性能及机理.结果表明,有机膨润土能够重复多次吸附水中苯酚,吸附性能较好.当多次吸附所用苯酚溶液初始浓度为1000mg/L时,3种单阳离子有机膨润土对其的吸附能力大小依次为:120 CTMAB-膨润土＞120 CPC-膨润土＞120 DTMAB-膨润土.在多次吸附过程中,有机膨润土对苯酚的吸附机理发生变化,由最初的表面吸附作用为主转变为分配作用为主.对CPC改性的膨润土而言,由于芳香性吡啶环的存在,苯酚被吸附到有机膨润土上后,能够产生"协同效应”,表现为随着苯酚吸附量的增大,分配系数K_p(c_sc_{w相似文献}   

模拟增温效应对西藏苔草繁殖生态的影响

通过采用国际冻原计划模拟增温对植物影响的方法,从繁殖生态学角度研究了西藏苔草（Carex thibetica Franch）种群的物候期、分蘖数、生物量和种群繁殖对增温的响应。结果表明：暖棚内气温、土壤表层温度分别了1.17℃和1.50℃;物候期提前或延迟,生长期延长;增温可以提高西藏苔草的生殖产量,但不提高其种子发芽率;增温可提高西藏苔草分蘖数和生物量;西藏苔草繁殖对策趋于营养繁殖。     

Indicating landfill stabilization state by using leachate property from Laogang Refuse Landfill

Variation and evolution process of leachate can be applied as a reference for landfill stabilization phase. In this work, leachates with different ages were collected from Laogang Refuse Landfill, and characterized with 14 key parameters. Simultaneously, principal component analysis （PCA） was applied to develop a synthetic parameter-F based on these 14 parameters, and a logarithm equation was simulated for the landfill stabilization process finally. It was predicted that leachates would meet Class I and Class II in standard for pollution control on the landfill site of municipal solid waste （GB 16889-1997） after 32 years and 22 years disposal under the natural attenuation in the humid and warm southern areas of China, respectively. The predication of landfill state would be more accurate and useful according to the synthetic parameter F of leachate from a working landfill.     

燃煤型砷中毒病区尿砷甲基化代谢和砷致皮肤损伤危险度的关系初探

砷中毒具有特异的皮肤损伤特征。为了研究燃煤型砷中毒病区高砷暴露、人体甲基化代谢能力与皮肤损伤患病风险之间的关系,在陕南典型燃煤型砷中毒村进行了皮肤损伤诊断和流行病学调查,采集尿样并分析总砷及形态砷含量,同时计算了用于表征人体砷甲基化代谢能力的指标包括尿中无机砷、一甲基砷和二甲基砷占总砷的百分含量(i As%、MMA%、DMA%),以及一甲基化率(PMI=MMA/i As)和二甲基化率(SMI=DMA/MMA)。Logistic回归分析结果表明:尿总砷含量(UTAs)是砷致皮肤损伤的危险因素(OR=1.038,95%CI:1.003~1.073),二甲基砷百分含量和SMI是皮肤损伤的保护因素(OR=0.883,95%CI:0.798~0.976;OR=0.724,95%CI:0.535~0.978);且砷致皮肤损伤的危险度随砷暴露水平的增高和甲基化能力的降低而增大。     

影响马尾松毛虫虫灾发生类型因素的重要性分析

运用列联表分析方法探讨了小班的林地起源、优势树种、地理、生长等因素对小班的马尾松毛虫虫灾发生类型的影响。分析结果表明：小班的海拔高度和坡度是决定小班的马尾松虫灾发生类型的关键因素。小班的优势种结构、平均树高及郁闭度对小班的马尾松毛虫虫灾发生类型也有较大的影响。图12表1参2     

不透明红球菌转化合成α-酮异己酸的培养条件优化

利用基于非完全平衡块原理的Plackett-Burman法和响应面法对不透明红球菌(Rhodococcus opacus DSM 43250)转化合成α-酮异己酸(KIC)的培养条件进行优化,以提高KIC的产量.首先采用Plackett-Burman(PB)设计对影响KIC产量的6个因素的效应进行评价,筛选出具有显著影响的关键因素——接种量、装液量和初始pH,然后通过最陡爬坡实验和Box-Behnken实验设计对关键因素的最佳水平范围进行研究,并利用SAS软件回归分析建立了二次多项式模型,通过模型求解确定最佳培养条件为:接种量6.93%,装液量33.38 mL,初始pH 7.6.在优化后的培养条件下,KIC的理论最高产量为31.08 mg/L,在验证实验中KIC最高产量为30.97 mg/L,比初始产量23.93 mg/L提高了29.42%,为进一步的发酵放大奠定了基础.图3表7参16     

Interactive effects of single,binary and trinary trace metals (lead,zinc and copper) on the physiological responses of Kandelia obovata seedlings

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Heavy metals are considered important environmental contaminants, and their mixture toxicity on plants has complex mutual interactions. The interactive...     

新疆大气颗粒物的时空分布特征

基于2015年新疆12个城市的PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)地面监测数据,并结合同期气象观测数据,分析了新疆PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)质量浓度的时空分布特征及其与气象要素的关联性。结果表明:新疆大气颗粒物年均质量浓度呈现南高北低特征,南疆各城市的年均PM_(10)质量浓度为150～262μg/m~3,年均PM_(2.5)质量浓度为50～118μg/m~3。北疆各城市的质量浓度相对较低,年均PM_(10)质量浓度为28～139μg/m~3,年均PM_(2.5)质量浓度为13～74μg/m~3。从时间变化来看,在春季和夏季,新疆以粗颗粒物污染为主,冬季以细颗粒物污染为主。此外,在南疆各城市3月PM_(10)质量浓度突然大幅升高与相对湿度明显下降、风速增大直接相关,沙尘天气是导致该区域春季高PM_(10)质量浓度的重要原因。     

浅析电子废弃物回收利用及危害解决办法

随着高科技的发展和人们需求的增长,电子产品不断推陈出新,电子废弃物成为世界上数量增长最快的垃圾."电子垃圾",主要包括各种使用后废弃的电脑、通信设备、电视机、电冰箱、洗衣机等电子电器产品.电子废弃物不规范回收处理易造成污染.电子废弃物中含有很多可回收再利用的有色金属、黑色金属、玻璃等物质.严格意义上讲,这些电子废弃物,不应称其为电子垃圾,而应称作电子旧货.伴随着电子工业的高速发展,电子废弃物污染不可避免地摆在了我们面前.电子废弃物具有危害性和可利用性.     

Effect of different pearling times on the quality of hull-less barley rice北大核心CSCD

Hull-less barley is a special food crop rich in various nutrients in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Six-pearling is often used to produce commercial hull-less barley rice in order to improve its rough taste and inferior cooking quality. This study evaluated the differences in the nutritional, cooking, sensory, and storage qualities of hull-less barley rice with different pearling times to obtain suitable processing conditions for the production of high-quality hull-less barley rice. With increasing pearling time, the contents of vitamin B6, vitamin E, dietary fiber, iron, zinc, phenols, and flavonoids significantly decreased to a large extent, protein and vitamin B3 decreased slightly, the contents of total starch and β-glucan increased significantly, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) initially increased and then decreased. The peak, trough, and final viscosity of whole grain barley were 1 860.50 cP, 914.50 cP, and 2 150.00 cP, respectively, and increased after six-pearling to 4 219.00 cP, 2 628.00 cP, and 5 074.00 cP, respectively. At the same time, the water absorption and volume expansion of the pearled hull-less barley increased significantly. The hardness of pearled hull-less barley reduced from 4 708.50 g to 2 282.00 g, its adhesiveness increased from 0.00 to -7.33, and its taste and sensory quality exhibited better. The activities of α-amylase, polyphenol oxidase, lipase, and catalase in pearled hull-less barley slightly decreased. Hull-less bran flour is rich in a variety of nutritional components and could be a potential resource with great developmental value. In general, hull-less barley rice obtained from three-pearling has high nutritional value, high cooking quality, low enzyme activity, and low energy consumption; therefore, it can be used to produce high-quality barley rice. This study provides important information for high-quality pearled hull-less barley and further utilization of barley bran flour. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved.