单片机在漏电保护装置中的应用

对煤矿井下的漏电保护装置进行分析 ,针对存在问题提出改善措施 ,并对单片机在漏电保护装置中应用的软、硬件进行了设计。     

等离子体与光催化复合空气净化技术研究

尝试了一种新的等离子体-光催化复合方式进行空气净化,研究表明该种复合方式具有较显著的协同促进效应,通过改变等离子体发生单元与光催化单元的距离以及在两者之间放置网状物,可消除等离子体单元产生的负电荷对光催化单元的不利影响,进一步提高其复合效应.还对这一复合方式产生协同效应的机理进行了分析.     

厌氧颗粒污泥胞外聚合物的影响因素研究

为明确厌氧颗粒污泥胞外聚合物产生的影响机制,通过改变pH、污泥负荷（Ns)和C/N比,研究厌氧颗粒污泥及其上清液的EPS（胞外聚合物）产生量及组分多糖、蛋白质的变化情况,采用红外光谱对比分析了pH、Ns、C/N比对EPS分子结构的影响;结果表明,过酸、过碱和不适当的C/N比不利于厌氧颗粒污泥形态保持和微生物生长,但Ns对厌氧颗粒污泥形态的影响不大。红外光谱分析表明,蛋白质肽键在强酸、强碱条件下均发生了变化,羧基、醇和酚则在强酸条件下(pH 3)消失,C/N比和污泥负荷对EPS的分子结构影响不大。     

BOD微生物传感检测仪中高效微生物膜的研究

为了制备高效微生物膜,从污水中筛选菌种（QT2061）,经BIOLOG鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌。并以聚乙烯醇为包埋剂制作BOD生物传感器微生物膜,通过对国家标准样品及几种典型水样的检测,结果表明,该微生物传感器的响应时间为8 min,可连续稳定测试10 d以上;对国家标准溶液的测试结果准确度较高,相对误差≤5%;对实验中几种水样均有响应,测试结果与5日法的测试结果有良好的相关性（相对偏差≤5%）。     

己二酸和己二酸钠强化石灰石WFGD的对比研究

在湍球塔设备上进行了己二酸和己二酸钠强化石灰石WFGD的对比研究,考察了2种添加剂对脱硫过程的强化和缓冲作用,分析计算了2种添加剂对石灰石的利用率。实验结果表明,2种添加剂可以在较低浆液pH下维持较高脱硫率,并且2种添加剂均促进了CaCO₃的溶解,在相同条件下己二酸钠有更好的脱硫效果,而己二酸有更好的缓冲作用,且己二酸促进CaCO₃溶解的效果更显著。     

Bioaugmentation of a 4-chloronitrobenzene contaminated soil with Pseudomonas putida ZWL73

The strain Pseudomonas putida ZWL73, which metabolizes 4-chloronitrobenzene (4CNB) by a partial-reductive pathway, was inoculated into lab-scale 4CNB-contaminated soil for bioaugmentation purposes in this study. The degradation of 4CNB was clearly stimulated, as indicated with the gradual accumulation of ammonium and chloride. Simultaneously, the diversity and quantity of cultivable heterotrophic bacteria decreased due to 4CNB contamination, while the quantity of 4CNB-resistant bacteria increased. During the bioaugmentation, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis showed the changes of diversity in dominant populations of intrinsic soil microbiota. The results showed that Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria were not distinctly affected, but Actinobacteria were apparently stimulated. In addition, an interesting dynamic within Acidobacteria was observed, as well as an influence on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria population. These combined findings demonstrate that the removal of 4CNB in soils by inoculating strain ZWL73 is feasible, and that specific populations in soils rapidly changed in response to 4CNB contamination and subsequent bioaugmentation.     

活性红BF-3BN脱色菌群的构建及特性研究

采用梯度压力式驯化法,从河南某印染厂的活性污泥中富集筛选一组活性红BF-3BN高效脱色菌群AR1。经菌株分离和16S rDNA测序分析,确定菌群内微生物分别归属Clostridium sp.、Pseudomonas sp.和Shewtnella sp.等3个属。染料脱色实验结果表明,在活性红BF-3BN起始浓度为200...     

Mg-Al水滑石对偶氮染料活性艳红X-3B的脱色性能研究

采用共沉淀法合成出一系列镁铝摩尔比不同的碳酸根型水滑石（LDHs）,经500℃高温煅烧制备出镁铝复合氧化物CLDH,并用X-射线、红外光谱对它们进行表征。考查了吸附剂投加量、反应时间、初始pH值等因素对LDHs和CLDH处理阴离子染料活性艳红X-3B模拟废水效果的影响,并对吸附机理进行探讨。实验结果表明：以镁铝摩尔比为3∶1时制得的水滑石对活性艳红X-3B溶液的脱色效果最好。水滑石LDHs及其焙烧产物CLDH对活性艳红X-3B染料均具有较好的吸附性能,最佳反应时间分别为60 min和30 min;在较宽的pH范围内二者的脱色性能稳定,且CLDH对该染料的吸附效果要优于LDHs。LDHs及CLDH对活性艳红X-3B的吸附结果符合Langmuir吸附等温式,25℃下饱和吸附量分别为263.77 mg/g和875.23 mg/g。LDHs及CLDH的吸附机理分别为离子交换和层状结构重建。饱和吸附后的CLDH用高温热解法再生,吸附性能良好,随再生次数增多,脱色率下降。     

Quantification of net carbon flux from plastic greenhouse vegetable cultivation: a full carbon cycle analysis

Plastic greenhouse vegetable cultivation (PGVC) has played a vital role in increasing incomes of farmers and expanded dramatically in last several decades. However, carbon budget after conversion from conventional vegetable cultivation (CVC) to PGVC has been poorly quantified. A full carbon cycle analysis was used to estimate the net carbon flux from PGVC systems based on the combination of data from both field observations and literatures. Carbon fixation was evaluated at two pre-selected locations in China. Results suggest that: (1) the carbon sink of PGVC is 1.21 and 1.23 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ for temperate and subtropical area, respectively; (2) the conversion from CVC to PGVC could substantially enhance carbon sink potential by 8.6 times in the temperate area and by 1.3 times in the subtropical area; (3) the expansion of PGVC usage could enhance the potential carbon sink of arable land in China overall.     

Photolysis of Enrofloxacin in aqueous systems under simulated sunlight irradiation: Kinetics, mechanism and toxicity of photolysis products

Photolysis of Enro in water was investigated under simulated sunlight irradiation using a Xenon lamp. The results showed that Enro photolysis followed apparent first-order kinetics. Increasing Enro concentration from 5.0 to 40.0 mg L⁻¹ led to the decrease of the photolysis rate constant from 1.6 × 10⁻² to 3.0 × 10⁻³ min⁻¹. Compared with the acidic and basic conditions, the photolysis rate was faster at neutral condition. Both of nitrate and humic acid can markedly decrease the photolysis rate of Enro because they can competitively absorb photons with Enro. The electron spin resonance and reactive oxygen species scavenging experiments indicated that Enro underwent self-sensitized photooxidation via OH and ¹O₂. After irradiation for 90 min, only 13.1% reduction of TOC occurred in spite of fast photolysis of 58.9% of Enro, indicating that Enro was transformed into intermediates without complete mineralization. The photolysis of Enro involved three main pathways: decarboxylation, defluorination, and piperazinyl N⁴-dealkylation. The bioluminescence inhibition rate using Vibrio fischeri increased to 67.2% at 60 min and then decreased to 56.9% at 90 min, indicative of the generation of some more toxic intermediates than Enro and then the degradation of the intermediates. The results will help us understand fundamental mechanisms of Enro photolysis and provide insight into the potential fate and transformation of Enro in surface waters.