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651.
Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) needles were exposed to exhaust gas containing polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) generated by combustion of polyvinyl chloride, wood, high-density polyethylene, and styrene. Photodegradation of PCDD/Fs adsorbed on spruce needles under sunlight irradiation was studied. The photodegradation of PCDD/Fs follows pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics, with photolysis half-lives ranging between 40 and 100 h. The photolysis rates of PCDF congeners are higher than PCDD congeners with the same chlorinated substitutions. Higher chlorinated PCDD/Fs tend to photolyze slowly. The wax components in spruce needles may act as proton donors and accelerate the photolysis rate. C-Cl cleavage through the addition of protons to PCDD/F molecules may be an important route for PCDD/Fs photodegradation. 相似文献
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653.
Niu J Chen J Martens D Quan X Yang F Kettrup A Schramm KW 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2003,123(1):39-45
Photolysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) sorbed on surfaces of spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] needles under sunlight irradiation was investigated. PAHs were produced by combustion of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), wood, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and styrene in a stove. The factors of sunlight irradiation on the surfaces of spruce needles were taken into consideration when investigating the kinetic parameters. The photolysis of the 18 PAHs under study follows first-order kinetics. The photolysis half-lives range from 15 h for dibenzo(a,h)anthracene to 75 h for phenanthrene. Photolysis of some PAHs on surfaces of spruce needles may play an important role on the fate of PAHs in the environment. 相似文献
654.
BOD生物传感器的研制与应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了BOD生物传感器的原理、研制过程以及实际测定。该仪器测定BOD的周期为30min,有较高的精密度和准确度,与稀释法有良好的相关性,可以及时信息反馈,特别适用于污水处理过程中的控制分析以及BOD的快速测定。 相似文献
655.
Phosphine (PH3) is an important factor driving the outbreak of cyanobacterial blooms that produce toxic microcystin threating human health. To clarify the physiological and biochemical responses of cyanobacteria to PH3 under elevated CO2 concentration, Microcystis aeruginosa was used in the coupling treatment of 1000 ppmv CO2 and PH3 at different concentrations respectively. The chlorophyll a (Chl-a), carotenoid, net photosynthetic rate and total protein of M. aeruginosa exhibited evidently increasing tendency under the coupling treatment of 1000 ppmv CO2 and PH3 at different concentrations (7.51 × 10?3, 2.48 × 10?2, 7.51 × 10?2 mg/L). The coupling treatments resulted in the higher concentrations of Chl-a and carotenoid of M. aeruginosa, compared to those in the control and the treatment with CO2 alone, and their enhancement increased with the increase in PH3 concentrations. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the coupling treatment with CO2 and PH3 of 2.48 × 10?2 mg/L and 7.51 × 10?3 mg/L showed increasing tendency, compared to the treatment with PH3 alone. Additionally, the coupling treatment with 1000 ppmv CO2 and PH3 also altered the pH and DO level in the culture medium. In this regard, the coupling treatment with CO2 and PH3 at an appropriate concentration can enhance the resistance of M. aeruginosa to PH3 toxicity and is beneficial to the reproduction of M. aeruginosa, presumably resulting in potential for the outbreak of cyanobacteria bloom. Given the concern about global warming and the increase in atmospheric CO2 level, our research laid a foundation for the scientific understanding of the correlation between PH3 and cyanobacteria blooms. 相似文献
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膜蒸馏-结晶工艺是一种新的回收纯物质方法,尤其从废水中分离出晶体。对于膜蒸馏-结晶技术进行了综述,介绍了膜蒸馏-结晶技术的优点,以及工艺控制的关键技术。概述了膜蒸馏-结晶的起源和国内外研究现状,指出了膜蒸馏-结晶在高浓度无机盐废水中应用的优势,预测其在该方向上很好的发展前景。 相似文献
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地下金属矿山安全评价体系的探讨 总被引:13,自引:2,他引:13
对矿山实行安全评价是确保安全生产的重要措施。根据地下金属矿山生产工艺的特点,分析发生事故的原因及影响因素,以定量分析的方法,从企业管理、工程设计、人员配备、环境条件等方面进行安全评价,提出评价体系,系统而直观地反映企业生产安全程度。 相似文献