电子废弃物中持久性有机污染物分析检测方法的研究进展

针对目前电子废弃物中持久性有机污染物(POPs)尚未形成有效快速分析检测方法的问题,介绍了溶剂萃取、固相萃取、微波萃取和超临界流体萃取等POPs前处理技术的研究进展,总结了POPs的分析方法,如:气相色谱、液相色谱、气相色谱-质谱法、高分辨率气相色谱-高分辨质谱法等化学分析方法,以及生物传感器测定法、表面胞质团共振检测法、酶联免疫检测法等生物分析方法。分析了各方法的优劣,并提出了展望。     

塔里木油田库尔勒生活基地生活垃圾处理现状与对策探讨

对塔里木油田库尔勒生活基地生活垃圾的处理现状和主要构成进行调查后,结合所在城市生活垃圾的处理方式,提出库尔勒生活基地生活垃圾"分类收集与回收利用"的途径,分析了实施中可能存在的问题,探讨了具体的对策,强调要从加强环保宣传、明确管理部门责任、完善回收设施、采用半市场化处理的对策思路。     

重大自然灾害后遗体处置应急预案研究

重大自然灾害发生后一般都会伴随着大量人员的遇难,及时妥善处置灾后众多遇难者遗体,是许多国家面临的棘手问题。借鉴我国唐山7.8级地震和汶川8.0级地震中遗体应急处置的经验与教训,从遗体的搜集、存放、运输、消毒、防腐、保存、火化、掩埋等方面,探索遗体处理应急预案的程序与内容,从而提高政府应对重大自然灾害后大量遗体的应急处置能力,全面保障灾区群众的身心健康。     

Electrokinetic removal of chromium and copper from contaminated soils by lactic acid enhancement in the catholyte

The electrokinetic removal of chromium and copper from contaminated soils by adding lactic acid in cathode chamber as an enhancing reagent was evaluated. Two sets of duplicate experiments with chromium contaminated kaolinite and with a silty soil sampled from a supeffund site in Califomia of USA and polluted by Cr and Cu, were carried out in a constant current mode. Changes of soil water content and soil pH before and after the electrokinetic experiments, and variations of voltage drop and electroosmosis flow during the treatments were examined. The results indicated that Cr, spiked as Cr(Ⅵ) in the kaolinite, was accumulated mainly in the anode chamber, and some of Cr and metal hydroxides precipitated in the soil sections in contact with the cathode, which significantly increased electrical energy consumption. Treatment of the soil collected from the site showed accumulation of large amounts of Cr and Cu in the anode chamber while none was detected in the cathode one. The results suggested that the two metals either complexed with the injected lactic acid at the cathode or existed as negatively charged complex, and electromigrated toward the anode under a voltage gradient.     

Responses of chlorophyll fluorescence and nitrogen level of Leymus chinensis seedling to changes of soil moisture and temperature

Controlled experiment of Leymus chinensis seedlings grown in the environmental growth chambers at 3 soil moisture levels and 3 temperature levels was conducted in order to improve the understanding how leaf photosynthetic parameters will respond to climatic change. The results indicated that soil drought and high temperature decreased the photochemical efficiency of photosystem ( Fw/Fm ), the overall photochemical quantum yield of PSIl(yield), the coefficient of photochemical fluorescence quenching(qp), but increased the coefficient of non-photochemical fluorescence quenching( q, ). Severe soil drought would decrease Fv/Fm and yield by 3.12% and 37.04% under 26% condition, respectively, and 6.60% and 73.33% under 32% condition, respectively,suggesting that higher temperature may enhance the negative effects of soil drought. All the soil drought treatments resulted in the decline in leaf nitrogen content. There was no significant effect of temperature on leaf nitrogen level,but higher temperature significantly reduced the root nitrogen content and the ratio of root nitrogen to leaf nitrogen,indicating the different strategies of adaptation to soil drought and temperature. It was also implied that higher temperature would enhance the effect of soil drought on leaf photosynthetic capacity, decrease the adaptability of Leymus chinensis to drought.     

Surface microlayer enrichment of volatile organic compounds and semi-volatile organic compounds in drinking water source

Enrichment of volatile organic compounds(VOC) and semi-volatility organic compounds(SVOC) in surface microlayer(SM) of three ddnking water sources were studied. The enrichment factor(EFs) were 0.67 to 13.37 and 0.16 to 136, respectively. The results showed some VOC and most SVOC could enrich in SM. Some EFs of SVOC was quite high. Suspension and temperature could affect EFs of SVOC, slim wind and water movement do not destroy enrichment of organic in SM.     

Kinetics study of aqueous sorption of phenanthrene to humic acids and sediments

IntroductionThesorptionofhydrophobicorganiccontaminants(HOCs)onnaturalgeosorbentsplaysasignificantroleintheirtransport,degradationandultimatefateintheaquaticenvironment (Alexander,1995 ;Luthy ,1997;Weber,2 0 0 1) .Sincethelate 1970s,theorganicmatter(OM)ha…     

转炉烟气净化系统中烟气的分析和量的计算

转炉煤气干法净化回收技术已被认定为转炉煤气处理技术的今后发展方向。我国在转炉煤气干法净化回收技术方面已经做了全面深入的研究,并于2006年创新性地开发出了完全适合我国转炉炼钢的转炉煤气干法净化回收系统。设计转炉煤气干法净化回收系统的第一步也是最关键的一步,就是转炉烟气的分析和烟气量的准确计算。     

美军信息化单兵防护装备浅析

信息化单兵防护装备集战场防护、信息处理功能于一体,以士兵作战需求为核心,采用新材料及新技术,通过一体化、系统化集成设计,有效利用士兵身体作为携行平台,实现了单兵综合作战效能的提升。     

加强企业标准化工作增强市场竞争能力的研究

本文介绍了加强企业标准化工作的重要意义,通过分析企业标准化工作的现状,提出了强化企业标准化工作的对策与建议。