Age and innovation‐related behavior: The joint moderating effects of supervisor undermining and proactive personality

Previous research has yielded mixed results regarding the effects of age on innovation‐related behavior (IRB; i.e., generating, disseminating, and implementing new ideas). This paper hypothesizes that the relationship of age with IRB is jointly moderated by undermining behavior on the part of the supervisor and the extent to which the employee possesses a proactive personality. We collected data from 196 employees at three points in time over a one‐year period. Results supported the hypothesized 3‐way interaction of age, supervisor undermining, and proactive personality on IRB. As predicted, highly proactive older workers responded to high supervisor undermining with more IRB, whereas older workers low on proactive personality responded to high supervisor undermining with less IRB. On the other hand, when supervisor undermining was low, proactive personality did not moderate the relationship of age with IRB. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Within-tree life process models of the southern pine beetle, dendroctonus frontalis

This paper develops models of gallery construction, emergence and re-emergence for use in a general population dynamics model of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonuc frontalis Zimmermann. Models of these processes were originally developed from laboratory data, and are extended here to account for fluctuating temperatures and variable attack densities under field conditions. The resulting models were tested using data from three natural populations (infestations) from east Texas. These tests reveal that the laboratory-derived models closely predict the timing and length of gallery, and the timing of emergence and re-emergence in the field.     

Dimensions,antecedents, and consequences of workaholism: a conceptual integration and extension

While the concept of workaholism has received a good deal of attention in the popular press, theoretical and empirical research have lagged behind. In part, the lack of a formal, agreed upon definition of the construct and its dimensions has hampered research on this topic. The purpose of this review is to offer a cohesive definition of workaholism, discuss its underlying dimensions, and identify its key antecedents and consequences. Measurement issues, directions for future research, and implications for management practice are discussed as well. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Polymer Weathering: Photo-Oxidation

As the polymer industry evolved, considerable effort was made to understand the degradation processes of high polymers during weathering and ways were found to inhibit or at least retard their chemical modification and loss of their physical and mechanical properties. Weathering is particularly severe for polymers because it combines the photophysical and photochemical effects of ultraviolet radiation with oxidative and hydrolytic effects of the outdoor environment. This article discusses photo-oxidation degradation (the behavior of polymers as a result of outdoor factors) and mainly concentrates on the photo-oxidative degradation of polyolefins and poly(vinyl) chloride. Polymer photostabilization with ultraviolet screeners, quenchers, hydroperoxide decomposers, and radical scavengers is also described.     

Seasonality of spawning by tropical anguillid eels around Sulawesi Island, Indonesia

Remarkably little is known about the life histories of the many tropical anguillid eels distributed across the Indo-Pacific region, and since the Danish expedition to study eels in the region in 1928 and 1929, research on these eels has only begun again in recent years. Sampling for anguillid leptocephali in the Indonesian Seas has been carried out recently to learn about the spawning ecology and larval distributions of tropical eels there. The leptocephali of Anguilla marmorata, Anguilla bicolor pacifica, Anguilla borneensis, Anguilla interioris, and Anguilla celebesensis were collected around Sulawesi Island both in May 2001 and October of 2002. The development of genetic identification techniques has enabled these leptocephali to be identified to species, and their distributions and sizes during different seasons indicated that there are differing life history patterns among sympatric species in the region. A. celebesensis was found to have been spawning in Tomini Bay of northeastern Sulawesi Island in March and April 2001, but apparently, no spawning had occurred in the late summer and fall of 2002. Studies on anguillid glass eels have suggested that tropical anguillids may spawn throughout much of year, but our research on leptocephali in Tomini Bay and data on the downstream migration of tropical anguillids in the major tributary to Tomini Bay indicate that A. celebesensis may have a distinct seasonal pattern of spawning possibly related to the regional monsoon cycles. This is the first evidence of seasonality of spawning in tropical anguillid eels whose life histories are only just beginning to be revealed.     

Re‐examining the effects of psychological contract violations: unmet expectations and job dissatisfaction as mediators

This research examines whether the relationships between psychological contract violations and three types of employee behavior (intention to quit, neglect of in‐role job duties, and organizational citizenship behaviors) are mediated by unmet expectations and job dissatisfaction. Using a sample of over 800 managers from a wide variety of research sites, this study tests for mediator effects using both hierarchical regression analyses and structural equation modelling. The results suggest that unmet expectations and job dissatisfaction do partially mediate such relationships. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Plant selection for a pilot phytoremediation study at a former skeet range

A pilot phytoremediation project was conducted at the Mukluk site in Sprague, Connecticut, formerly a private skeet shooting range. A series of experiments was conducted to investigate if any plants can be effective lead phytoextractors for this site that has very high soil lead concentrations and low soil pH. Greenhouse screening of plants for lead resistance and accumulation using field soil was implemented as the initial step before the field installation. Herbaceous plant species with known lead phytoextraction capabilities included Indian mustard and blue fescue; a few willow clones with purported heavy metal resistance were also tested. Based on the results of the greenhouse experiments, blue fescue appeared to be sensitive to high lead concentration in soil, and only willows and Indian mustard along with various soil amendments were selected for the field installation. Indian mustard grew poorly in most of the treatments at the site except in the compost and lime treatment. Lead accumulation by this species was low in all treatments. In contrast, willows showed tolerance to very high lead concentrations present in the soil and were able to uptake and translocate lead into aboveground tissues. However, lead content in aerial tissues was low, and no change in soil lead concentration at the site was recorded post‐harvest after one growing season. It appeared that highly unfavorable soil characteristics at the Mukluk site complicated the species selection, and no effective phytoextractors have been found for this location. These suggest that the feasibility of phytostabilization and possible production of biofuel from willow biomass on these types of sites should be further investigated. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.