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471.
Effect of wastewater composition on the calcium carbonate precipitation in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shucheng Yang Yanling He Yonghong Liu Charles Chou Pengxiang Zhang Dongqi Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2010,4(2):142-149
Calcium carbonate often precipitates in anaerobic reactors treating wastewater with high calcium content. The aim of this
paper is to study the effect of wastewater composition on calcium carbonate precipitation in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket
(UASB) reactors. Two laboratory-scale UASB reactors were operated with calcium-containing influents using acetate and carbohydrate
as substrate, respectively. There was an obvious accumulation of inorganic precipitate observed in the biogranules. Observations
via scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) showed that the acclimated biogranules in
the two reactors differed in microstructure. Calcium carbonate was found to have precipitated on the surface of acetate-degrading
biogranules, but precipitated at the core of the carbohydrate-degrading biogranules. The results indicated that substrates
had significant influence on the location of calcium carbonate precipitation in anaerobic granular sludge, which was expected
due to the different methanogens distribution and pH gradient within the granular sludge degrading various substrates. Moreover,
the location of calcium carbonate precipitation substantially affected the specific methanogenic activity (SMA) of the granular
sludge. The SMA of the acetate-degrading biogranules dropped from $
1.96 gCOD_{CH_4 } \cdot gVSS^{ - 1} \cdot d^{ - 1}
$
1.96 gCOD_{CH_4 } \cdot gVSS^{ - 1} \cdot d^{ - 1}
to $
0.61 gCOD_{CH_4 } \cdot gVSS^{ - 1} \cdot d^{ - 1}
$
0.61 gCOD_{CH_4 } \cdot gVSS^{ - 1} \cdot d^{ - 1}
after 180-d of operation in the reactor. However, the SMA of the carbohydrate-degrading biogranules was not adversely affected
by calcium carbonate precipitation. 相似文献
472.
Lijing Meng Licheng Liu Xuehong Zi Hongxing Dai Zhen Zhao Xinping Wang Hong He 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2010,4(2):164-171
A new method called ultrasonic-assisted membrane reaction (UAMR) was reported for the fabrication of ceria-zirconia solid
solution. A series of ceria-zirconia solid solutions with different Ce/Zr molar ratios were prepared by the UAMR method and
characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The UAMR method proved to
be superior, especially when the Ce/Zr molar ratio was lower than 1, in fabricating ceria-zirconia solid solutions with large
BET surface area, high oxygen storage capacity (OSC), and low reduction temperature. 相似文献
473.
Pinjing He Min Li Suyun Xu Liming Shao 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2009,3(4):404-411
This paper describes the feasibility of fresh leachate treatment by an upflow blanket filter (UBF). Through dilution and partial
effluent recycling, the organic loading rates increased from 0.51 to 14.56 kg COD/(m3·d), meanwhile the corresponding hydraulic retention time decreased from 9.0 to 3.6 d. The reactor was able to achieve steady-state
within 80 d. Based on the distribution of COD fluxes in the process, it was concluded that anabolism was the main pathway
of COD removal in the initial phase (1–33 d), accounting for 57%–85% of total COD removed. As the anaerobic consortium of
bacteria reached steady-state (after 70–86 d), the majority of COD removed was transformed into methane, because the specific
methane yield was close to the theoretical value (0.36 L CH4/(g CODdeg)). 相似文献
474.
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477.
478.
为提高衡阳市降水型地质灾害预报预警的针对性和时效性,本文利用1994—2007年衡阳市地质灾害个例资料和相应的降水资料,分析了地质灾害与降水的关系;划分了地质灾害易发区,并针对不同易发区确定了降水型地质灾害预报预警指标;对预报预警方法进行检验,并提出了改善建议。结果显示:衡阳市降水型地质灾害与前期降水强度、当日降水量等有着密切关系;建立的预报预警方法对衡阳市暴雨突发性地质灾害预报具有较好的地域针对性和准确性,将预报时效延长至24小时,对地质灾害的防御有着重要的现实意义。 相似文献
479.
WANG He JIA Yongfeng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2009,21(10):1409-1414
Accumulation of heavy metals from various oxides with adsorbed cadmium by wetland plant Phragmites australis was studied to evaluate the fate of heavy metals in the sediment of constructed wetlands. Hoagland solution was used as nutrition supply, and single metal oxide with adsorbed cadmium was applied as contaminant to study the accumulation characteristics of cadmium and the substrate metals by P. australis. After 45-d treatment, the bioaccumulation degree in root followed the order: Al(OH)3 > Al2O3 > Fe3O4 > MnO2 > FeOOH. Heavy metals absorbed by P. australis were largely immobilized by the roots with little translocation to aboveground parts. 相似文献
480.
滦河锡林郭勒盟段水质状况评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用水质指数法对滦河锡林郭勒盟段水质状况进行了分析评价,结果显示:(1)滦河锡林郭勒段2005-2007年主要污染因子为:高锰酸盐指数、化学需氧量、铁、生物需氧量、锰、总磷等;(2)2005-2007年间,上都河监测断面水质状况整体呈变好趋势,但地方经济增长带来的化学需氧量异常升高不容忽视,大河口断面不同水期水质状况变化不同;(3)2005-2007年,滦河锡林郭勒段化学需氧量与溶解氧超标污染加重明显、高锰酸盐指数超标污染逐渐减轻;三年内,上游水质均优于下游水质,两个监测断面水质均为丰水期水质〈平水期水质〈枯水期水质。 相似文献