磨盘山水库水质污染现状特征及防治措施研究

饮用水安全关系到千百万人民群众的身体健康,保证饮用水安全、确保人民群众身体健康是＂建设和谐社会、实现人与自然和谐以及经济社会全面、协调和可持续发展＂的头等大事。磨盘山水库是哈尔滨市居民饮用水源地。本文通过分析哈尔滨市磨盘山水库水质现状,评定出磨盘山水库的富营养化状态处于中营养状态,提出了磨盘山水源地当前存在的环境问题,并提出了相应的污染防治措施。最后给出结论,对水库进行污染防治是必要的,具有一定的社会、政治和环境效益。     

构建重点企业清洁生产监管信息平台系统功能的探讨

清洁生产是实现可持续发展的必由之路,建设重点企业清洁生产监管信息乎台是有效推行清洁生产的重要环节。根据国内外推行清洁生产的发展趋势,建设重点企业清洁生产监管信息平台意义重大而深远。根据目前环保部清洁生产管理工作需要,确定了系统设计目标,对系统的功能模块进行了初步研究,从实用、高效、前瞻性角度构建重点企业清洁生产监管信息平台系统进行了探讨。     

黄河水质监测的分析方法研究

随着对黄河水的治理工作的逐渐深入,关于黄河水质的监测事业都取得了快速的发展并有着不小的进步,当然仍然存在着一些问题,比如监测的条件较为单一且技术落后、监测的断面也不够多、资料信息缺乏等.随着时代的发展,现有的一些关于水质监测的方法已经不能满足监测的要求,所以本文对于黄河水质监测的分析方法做了一定得研究,希望对于水质监测方面有一定的帮助.     

有机固体废弃物资源化利用探究

有机废弃物有机质含量高,是一种潜在的资源,将其资源化利用,既可解决资源短缺问题,又可减少碳排放.本文就有机固废的资源化利用分为农业农村有机废弃物和城市有机固废的资源化两方面进行了总结性阐述,以探索有机固废资源化利用的多元模式.     

我国环境保护中的公众参与——以环境影响评价中公众参与为例

伴随着经济的快速发展,环境保护问题越来越引起了人们的重视,环境保护领域中的公众参与也越发重要,然而我国环境保护领域中的公众参与还存在很多问题与不足,需要进一步完善。     

Modified ADM1 for modeling free ammonia inhibition in anaerobic acidogenic fermentation with high-solid sludge

Anaerobic acidogenic fermentation with high-solid sludge is a promising method for volatile fatty acid (VFA) production to realize resource recovery. In this study, to model inhibition by free ammonia in high-solid sludge fermentation, the anaerobic digestion model No. 1 (ADM1) was modified to simulate the VFA generation in batch, semi-continuous and full scale sludge. The ADM1 was operated on the platform AQUASIM 2.0. Three kinds of inhibition forms, e.g., simple inhibition, Monod and non-inhibition forms, were integrated into the ADM1 and tested with the real experimental data for batch and semi-continuous fermentation, respectively. The improved particle swarm optimization technique was used for kinetic parameter estimation using the software MATLAB 7.0. In the modified ADM1, the K_s of acetate is 0.025, the k_m,ac is 12.51, and the K_{I_NH3} is 0.02, respectively. The results showed that the simple inhibition model could simulate the VFA generation accurately while the Monod model was the better inhibition kinetics form in semi-continuous fermentation at pH 10.0. Finally, the modified ADM1 could successfully describe the VFA generation and ammonia accumulation in a 30 m³ full-scale sludge fermentation reactor, indicating that the developed model can be applicable in high-solid sludge anaerobic fermentation.     

总磷TNT试剂在地表水环境监测中的应用研究

为有效监控地表水环境中总磷的变化趋势,落实环境保护水污染防治行动计划.选择稳定性好、分析高效、低能耗的总磷TNT试剂对南京市的长江流域水源地、城市内河道及湖泊治理监控区的地表水环境样品进行监测.应用该试剂测定总磷的方法检出限为0.008 mg/L,相对标准偏差为2.2%~7.4%(n=6),加标回收率为91.0%~110%,有证标准样品同步验证测试的相对误差为-1.3%~1.4%.试验证实总磷TNT试剂应用结果能够满足地表水环境中总磷监测的精密度、准确度要求.     

Removement of thiocyanate from industrial wastewater by microwave-Fenton oxidation method

The microwave radiation oxidation process, Fenton as catalytic agent, was used to remove the thiocyanate from the industrial wastewater. The effects of microwave power, radiation time, pH and the feeding in ways of catalyst on the degradation rate of synthetic wastewater were investigated using the microwave radiation oxidation process by orthogonal experiment. The results show Fenton catalyst ratio was 1:20, the microwave radiation power was 900 W, the microwave radiation time was 7 min and the value of pH was 3. Under the optimum conditions, the removal of KSCN can reach over 90%. The apparent kinetics of removal was studied, which conformed to kinetics first-class reaction. In short, for the thiocyanate from the industrial wastewater, microwave-Fenton oxidation method is feasible and effective.     

东北地区粮食生产及其可持续性因子分析

通过对东北地区耕地面积、粮食单产及总产的时间序列分析，揭示了该地区粮食生产发展趋势，并结合粮食生产发展的影响因子分析，探该区粮食生产可持续发展的影响因子，指出今后提高粮食生产的途径。     

Study on the Programming Standard for Ecological Rescue in General Land Use Planning

This paper aims at establishing the operation idea based on the analysis of the connotation,principles and reference indexes for programming standard for ecological rescue.The paper puts forward that the programming standard should take into account the natural,social and economic reference indexes,and modifies the scale and distribution of the ecological rescue according to the order of ecological safety,social safety and economic development.The paper suggests that the land planning department should strengthen the study and datum accumulation in order to establish the technology regulations of programming standard of the ecological rescue.