Soil calcium significantly promotes uptake of inorganic arsenic by garland chrysanthemum (ChrysanthemumL coronarium) fertilized with chicken manure bearing roxarsone and its metabolites

Roxarsone (ROX), a widely used feed organoarsenic additive, occurs as itself and its metabolites in animal manure that is commonly land used as fertilizer. Soil property impacts arsenic (As) speciation and bioavailability. Fourteen soils across China were used to conduct culture experiments to investigate As uptake by garland chrysanthemum (ChrysanthemumL coronarium), with the soils fertilized with chicken manure bearing ROX and its metabolites. The results show As(III) was the sole As form in garland chrysanthemum shoots, and As(III) and As(V) occurred in roots. Only inorganic As was detected in all soils when the plants were harvested. Stepwise regression analysis shows soil-exchangeable Ca predominated shoot As(III) concentration (shoot As(III) = 1.60030 soil Ca, R ² = 0.8832***). Therefore, ROX is transferred into the human food chain finally as inorganic As in plants. Application of animal manure bearing ROX and its metabolites is not recommended in Ca-rich soils to avoid excess inorganic As dietary exposure.

     

遥感资料在分析城市布局结构中的应用

本文介绍了应用彩红外航片，黑白航片分析呼和浩特市城市居民区、工业区、商业贸易区布局结构的技术。     

论江汉平原以治水为主的国土综合整治对策

从分析江汉平原自然特点和总结以往治理经验出发，阐明目前水土资源综合开发中存在的问题，提出进一步开展以治水为主的国土综合整治对策。主要就进一步搞好国土综合整治规划、加强工程管理与科学调度、改造渍害田、绿化周围山丘地带和加强基础研究工作等几方面进行了论述，对该地区综合开发有重要参考价值。     

废弃红砖微粉填料制备环保乳胶漆及其性能研究

研究了利用废弃红砖生产环保乳胶漆的制备方法,通过正交试验分析了乳液种类、乳液含量、醇酯十二含量、丙二醇含量和增稠剂含量对环保乳胶漆性能的影响.结果表明,废弃红砖微粉与苯丙乳液有较好的相容性,当乳液含量为25%~30%,醇酯十二0.4%~1.2%,丙二醇3.00%~3.75%,增稠剂1‰~1.5‰时,砖质环保乳胶漆产品低温稳定性良好,可成完全悬浮状态,表干时间小于30min,摆杆阻尼次数可达103次,附着力等级大于5,这为建筑废物资源化提供新的途径.     

Emission factors, ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation potential of volatile organic compounds emitted from industrial biomass boilers

To evaluate the potential benefits of biomass use for air pollution control, this paper identified and quantified the emissions of major reactive organic compounds anticipated from biomass-fired industrial boilers. Wood pellets(WP) and straw pellets(SP) were burned to determine the volatile organic compound emission profiles for each biomass-boiler combination. More than 100 types of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) were measured from the two biomass boilers. The measured VOC species included alkanes, alkenes and acetylenes, aromatics, halocarbons and carbonyls. A single coal-fired boiler(CB) was also studied to provide a basis for comparison. Biomass boiler 1(BB1) emitted relatively high proportions of alkanes(28.9%–38.1% by mass) and alkenes and acetylenes(23.4%–40.8%),while biomass boiler 2(BB2) emitted relatively high proportions of aromatics(27.9%–29.2%)and oxygenated VOCs(33.0%–44.8%). The total VOC(TVOC) emission factors from BB1(128.59–146.16 mg/kg) were higher than those from BB2(41.26–85.29 mg/kg). The total ozone formation potential(OFP) ranged from 6.26 to 81.75 mg/m~3 with an average of 33.66 mg/m~3 for the two biomass boilers. The total secondary organic aerosol potential(SOAP) ranged from 61.56 to 211.67 mg/m~3 with an average of 142.27 mg/m~3 for the two biomass boilers.The emission factors(EFs) of TVOCs from biomass boilers in this study were similar to those for industrial coal-fired boilers with the same thermal power. These data can supplement existing VOC emission factors for biomass combustion and thus enrich the VOC emission inventory.     

某铀矿区周边土壤238U和226Ra分布特征及污染评价

为查清某铀矿区周边土壤污染源项的污染强度及范围,对需要治理的污染源进行量化,对该铀矿周边土壤0.0~0.2,0.2~0.4,0.4~0.6,0.6~0.8,0.8~1.0m土层土壤中放射性核素²³⁸U和²²⁶Ra活度进行现场调研和统计分析（水平土壤正态分布、箱型图、Q-Q图）,其表明放射性核素污染的空间分布特征及有效性影响,利用²²⁶Ra/²³⁸U反映风化程度.结果表明：在0.0~0.2m土壤深度,²³⁸U和²²⁶Ra浓度最高,分别为813.44~5059.20,737~4536Bq/kg,随深度增加²²⁶Ra和²³⁸U浓度呈减小趋势,0.6~1.0m深度²³⁸U和²²⁶Ra浓度均超美国核管会（NRC）铀矿和水冶设施退役中残存放射性核素的土壤去污标准浓度（370Bq/kg）,因此,针对研究区的土壤治理,厚度选取应不小于1m.污染评价结果表明：研究区属重度-极重度污染、强生态风险危害的土壤面积占比最高,随距铀矿区距离增加,²²⁶Ra和²³⁸U污染程度降低,潜在生态危害减小.     

Fenton试剂在返排压裂液处理中的应用

油气田压裂作业后的返排残余压裂液黏度、有机物含量以及浊度都较高,对油田企业周围的生态环境,尤其是农作物及地表水造成严重污染。经过破胶—絮凝处理后,COD仍然较高。文章以胜利油田水基胍胶返排压裂液为研究对象,针对破胶—絮凝处理后的上清液,采用Fenton试剂深度氧化处理,处理后压裂液COD去除率可达99.3%,满足GB 8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》二级排放标准。     

排放废水综合合格率统计概念分析

在企业环境管理与环境统计中，排放废水综合合格率是一个常见的和重要的考核指标。本文运用多种辅助方法对其意义及内涵进行了多侧面的分析，同时给出了一些实例，并对其进行了统计运算和效果分析。     

砂土滑动液化的初步分析

本文针对大量的滑坡现场观察到的滑体滑动引起严重的砂土液化现象描述了液化引起的危害。初步给出了砂土滑动液化的定义;分析了砂土滑动液化形成的机理以及砂土滑动液化势评价的初步设想。