Chemical constituents of Prunella vulgaris

Nine compounds were isolated from the spikes of Prunella vulgaris by various kinds of chromatography. Their structures were established on the basis of spectral analysis as polygalacerebroside (1), ursolic acid (2), β-amyrin (3), quercetin (4), quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactoside (5), β-spinasterol (6), stigmasterol (7), β-sitosterol (8), daucosterol (9). Compound 1 was isolated from this genus for the first time. Phytochemical investigation on the spikes of P. vulgaris provided chemical constituents diversity, which were performed to facilitate further development and utilization of P. vulgaris pharmaceutical resource.     

Exposure to butylated hydroxytoluene compromises endometrial decidualization during early pregnancy

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), one of the most widely used synthetic phenolic antioxidants, is a popular food additive. Previous studies have...     

UV/H2 O2法对印染废水生化出水中不同种类有机物的去除效果

采用UV/H2O2高级氧化法对印染废水生化出水的处理进行研究,探讨了不同反应时间、H2O2投加量、反应初始pH值等因素对UV254,ADMI7.6、DOC和COD去除效果的影响.结果表明,以UV254、ADMI7.6、DOC和COD的去除率为筛选依据,确定出最佳参数组合为:反应初始pH值为原水pH 7.4～8.1,H2O2投加量为4.5 mmol.L-1,紫外光照射时间为50 min,在最佳处理条件下,UV254、ADMI7.6、DOC和COD的去除率分别达到77%、94%、40%和69%.通过XAD-8/XAD-4吸附树脂联用技术将印染废水生化出水中溶解性有机物分为疏水酸、非酸疏水物质、弱疏水物质及亲水物质4类有机物,研究了UV/H2O2氧化工艺对生化出水中各种有机物及色度的去除效果.实验结果表明,对于该印染废水的生化出水,疏水性物质是引起色度的主要物质,所占比例以ADMI7.6表征时为92%,其中以非酸疏水物质的贡献最大,达到53%.UV/H2O2高级氧化法处理此水样中的弱疏水性有机物、疏水酸和非酸疏水物质均有较好的处理效果,对亲水性有机物的处理效果较差.实验表明,相对分子质量>10 000的大分子有机物对DOC和ADMI7.6的去除贡献较大,对UV254的去除贡献接近一半.     

淀山湖浮游动物群落时空分布特征及其与环境因子的关系

淀山湖是上海市最大的淡水湖泊,属亚热带浅水湖泊.于2017年对该湖的浮游动物和水质参数进行逐月调查,并结合浮游植物群落数据,采用多元回归树模型(multivariate regression trees,MRT)和主坐标分析(principal coordinates analysis,PCo A)等方法研究了该湖浮游动物群落结构时空分布特征及其与环境因子的关系.结果表明,淀山湖浮游动物群落结构季节差异显著(P 0. 05),但仅在春、夏季节存在空间差异(P 0. 05),其他季节空间差异不显著(P 0. 05).水温、叶绿素a、氨氮以及蓝藻丰度是引起淀山湖浮游动物群落时空变化的关键性因子. MRT分析表明,当水温13. 07℃时,表现为冬季群落特征,当水温在13. 07～19. 57℃之间时,表现为春季群落特征;当水温≥19. 57℃时,叶绿素a浓度≥9. 03μg·L-1,则为夏季群落特征,而当叶绿素a浓度9. 03μg·L-1时,则表现为秋季群落特征.聚类分析将淀山湖浮游动物群落分成3个空间区域;春季时,当氨氮浓度1. 11 mg·L-1时,上游进水区(区域Ⅱ)浮游动物群落与其他两个区域有显著差异(P 0. 05);而夏季当蓝藻生物量≥2. 58 mg·L-1时,区域Ⅰ的浮游动物群落与其他两个区域有显著的空间差异(P 0. 05).     

Evaluation of offline sampling for atmospheric C3-C11 non-methane hydrocarbons

The concentration variation of C3-C11 non-methane hydrocarbons(NMHCs) collected in several types of commercial flexible bags and adsorption tubes was systematically investigated using a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector(GC-FID) system. The percentage loss of each NMHC in the polyvinyl fluoride(PVF) bags was less than 5% during a 7-hr storage period; significant NMHCs loss was detected in aluminum foil composite film and fluorinated ethylene propylene bags. The thermal desorption effic...     

Hierarchical Ag-SiO2@Fe3O4 magnetic composites for elemental mercury removal from non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas

Hierarchical Ag-SiO_2@Fe_3O_4 magnetic composites were selected for elemental mercury(Hg~0) removal from non-ferrous metal smelting flue gas in this study. Results showed that the hierarchical Ag-SiO_2@Fe_3O_4 magnetic composites had favorable Hg~0 removal ability at low temperature. Moreover, the adsorption capacity of hierarchical magnetic composite is much larger than that of pure Fe_3O_4 and SiO_2@Fe_3O_4. The Hg~0 removal efficiency reached the highest value as approximately 92% under the reaction temperature of 150°C, while the removal efficiency sharply reduced in the absence of O_2. The characterization results indicated that Ag nanoparticles grew on the surface of SiO_2@Fe_3O_4 support. The large surface area of SiO_2 supplied efficient reaction room for Hg and Ag atoms. Ag–Hg amalgam is generated on the surface of the composites. In addition, this magnetic material could be easily separated from fly ashes when adopted for treating real flue gas, and the spent materials could be regenerated using a simple thermal-desorption method.     

Occurrence and distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in the sediments of the East China Sea bays

The coastal area of the East China Sea has experienced rapid urbanization and industrialization in China since 1980 s, resulting in severe pollution of its environments.Antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs) are regarded as a kind of emerging pollutant with potential high risk. The sediment samples were collected from Hangzhou Bay(HB),Xiangshan Bay(XB), and Taizhou Bay(TB) to investigate the spatial occurrence and distribution of 27 ARGs and class I integron–integrase gene(intI1) in the coastal area of the East China Sea. The PCR results showed the frequent presence of 11 ARGs and intI1 in the sediments of the three bays. The qPCR results further showed that sulfonamide resistance was the most prevalent ARG type and antibiotic target replacement and protection were the most important resistance mechanisms in the sediments. Regarding the subtype of ARGs, sulI, tetW, and dfrA13 were the most abundant ARGs, in which sulI was higher in TB(based on both the absolute and relative abundances) and dfrA13 was higher in HB(based on the relative abundances). The network analysis revealed that intI1 had significant correlations with tetC, sulI, sulII, and blaPSE-1. Oil was the key connected factor, which had positive connections with sulI, sulII, and blaPSE-1. In addition, the joint effect of heavy metals and nutrients organic pollutants might be crucial for the fate of ARGs in the coastal sediments.     

燃煤小锅炉替代方案论证及效益分析——以济南市为例

通过对燃煤小锅炉各可行替代方案的分析,从环境标准要求、政策要求、环境效益、经济效益和节能等方面,论证了燃煤小锅炉替代的必要性与可行性。结果表明天然气、电和生物质锅炉及集中供热均具有良好的环境效益和经济可行性,可作为燃煤小锅炉的替代方案。济南市通过实施燃煤小锅炉替代,预计将减少烟尘排放量182.61 t/a,减少SO_2排放量898.8 t/a,减少NO_x排放量2 710.7 t/a,与淘汰前燃煤小锅炉排放量相比,分别降低了87.7%、82.9%和86.2%,年可节约折标煤140 903.27 t。节能减排效益显著。可为同类燃煤小锅炉替代工程提供参考。     

Sorption and desorption of Cd, Cu and Pb using biomass from an eutrophized habitat in monometallic and bimetallic systems

This work examines the sorption capacity of a natural biomass collected from an irrigation pond. The biomass mainly consisted of a mixture of chlorophyte algae with caducipholic plants. Biosorption experiments were performed in monometallic and bimetallic solutions containing different metals commonly found in industrial effluents (Cd, Cu and Pb). The biosorption process was slightly slower in the binary system comparing with monometallic system which was related to competition phenomena between metal cations in solution. The biosorbent behaviour was quantified by the sorption isotherms fitting the experimental data to mathematical models. In monometallic systems, the Langmuir model showed a better fit with the following sorption order: Cu ~ Pb > Cd; and biomass-metal affinity order: Pb > Cd ~ Cu. In bimetallic systems, the binary-type Langmuir model was used and the sorption order obtained was: Pb ~ Cu > Cd. In addition, the effectiveness of the biomass was investigated in several sorption-desorption cycles using HCl and NaHCO(3). The recovery of metal was higher with HCl than with NaHCO(3), though the sorption uptake of the biomass was sensitively affected by the former desorption agent in subsequent sorption cycles.     

济钢210t转炉钢水罐热修除尘系统的设计及应用

介绍了钢水罐热修除尘系统的自主开发,除尘技术的设计,详细阐述可移动抽风罩、抗结露袋除尘器、覆膜玻璃纤维膨体纱等技术特点,以及整个除尘系统的控制技术,仅供同行参考借鉴。