煤矿轴流式局部通风机的降噪

煤矿局部通风机（简称局扇）的噪声是煤矿掘进中的主要噪声源。分析了局扇噪声产生的机理。综述了从局扇的噪声源和传播途径上控制噪声的方法，为局扇的降噪提供了有益的参考。     

林火行为预测预报专家系统

在针对我国大兴安岭林区典型可燃物进行实验的基础上,参考美国北方林火实验室编制的BEHAVE程序中的数学模型,提出了一整套估算森林地表火火行为特征量的表达式。在此基础上,通过交互式窗口技术、字符型汉字技术和专家系统原理,建立了“林火行为预测预报专家系统”。该系统在输入现场可燃物分布特性参数及相应的地形条件和气象条件后,即能迅速预测火蔓延过程中不同时间段的火行为特征量的值。与野外试验的结果对比表明,预测的结果是合理、可靠的。     

Toxicity of copper, lead, and cadmium on the motility of two marine microalgae Isochrysis galbana and Tetraselmis chui

Computer assisted movement tracking was used to characterize the motility of two marine microalgae, Isochrysis galbana and Tetraselmis chui, and to investigate the toxicity of Cu, Pb, and Cd on motile percentage, curvilinear velocity, average path velocity, straight line velocity, linearity, straightness, and wobble. Except for motile percentage, all other motility parameters di ered significantly between I. galbana and T. chui. Based on relative motile percentage data, the median e ective concentration (EC50) of Cu on the motility of I. galbana and T. chui was 31.4 and 1.3 mol/L, respectively, while for Pb it was 37.8 and 10.9 mol/L and for Cd it was 121.6 and 37.8 mol/L, respectively. Compared to I. galbana, T. chui was more sensitive to all tested metals. The toxic e ect of the heavy metals on motility exhibited the following decreasing order for both species: Cu > Pb > Cd. Our results indicate that I. galbana and T. chui motility is sensitive to heavy metals and can be used as an indicator for toxicology bioassays.     

烟尘测试过程中的质量控制

锅炉烟尘测试是一项技术要求高,环节多的复杂工作,本文根据资料和几年来监测的实践经验,对烟尘测试中影响测定结果的诸多因素进行探讨,并提出质量控制措施。     

聚合物驱油工程交联剂职业健康风险分析

运用风险积分计算板评价聚合物驱油工程交联剂健康风险,为职业安全健康管理工作者和评价人员介绍一种新的评价方法。     

环境影响评价中公众参与有效性的研究

对中国环境影响评价中公众参与的现状和存在的问题进行了调研分析,筛选出影响公众参与有效性的指标,并采用层次分析法建立了公众参与有效性的评价指标体系。选取上海市近几年完成的50余本环境影响报告书作为抽样样本,对上海市环评报告中公众参与的有效性进行了评估,最后结合存在的问题提出了提高有效性的对策措施。     

一种沉淀法处理生活垃圾渗滤液的研究

生活垃圾渗滤液来源于生活垃圾的含水和地表径流和地下水的浸入。渗滤液是一种高浓度的有机废水。与工业废物一起填埋的垃圾渗滤液中还含有较多的重金属,垃圾浸滤液一旦控制不当,将会污染地下水,甚至对人体健康造成危害。目前研究垃圾浸滤液的方法已经成为水处理研究的热点,但研究生活垃圾浸出液中氨氮的去除比较少。本文首先介绍研究磷酸铵镁沉淀去除氨氮的原理,接下来讨论了磷酸铵镁沉淀法去除垃圾渗滤液中的氨氮的各种因素,分析了各种最佳条件的形成。在去除氨氮同时,对重金属也有很好的去除效果。磷酸铵镁沉淀法去除氨氮同时形成的是一种重要复合肥料。MAP法可降低垃圾渗滤液中COD浓度,改善其可生化性,并具有对NH3-N去除率高,无二次污染,受温度影响很小等特点。     

花卉植物修复铅污染土壤的研究现状及展望

植物修复以其优良的社会、生态和经济效益,成为重金属污染土壤修复的首选措施。从花卉植物对铅的富集能力及其强化措施方面,阐述了利用花卉植物修复铅污染土壤的研究现状,提出了研究中存在的主要问题,并对今后的研究工作进行了展望。     

长春市主要街路代表性植物叶片铅含量分析

应用火焰原子吸收光谱法,对长春市14条主要街路交通密集地段两侧绿化带中采集到的12种代表性植物叶片的铅含量进行了分析。结果表明,植物叶片的铅含量范围在8.20 mg/kg～58.5 mg/kg之间,平均值为19.7 mg/kg。木本植物叶片的平均铅富集能力略低于草本植物,并且木本植物叶片平均铅含量的空间变异性较大;木本植物中杨树叶片的平均铅富集能力最强而榆树最低,草本植物中绣线菊的叶片平均铅富集能力最强而八宝景天最低;草本植物中绣线菊的叶片在所有供试植物叶片中平均铅富集能力最强,其次为木本植物中杨树的叶片,而草本植物中八宝景天的叶片平均铅富集能力最低。不同植物在同一街路以及同种植物在不同街路之间其叶片的铅含量都不同。     

Responses of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (cyanobacterium) photosystem Ⅱ to pyrene stress

In order to explore the mechanism of acute toxicity for pyrene to cyanobacterial organisms, the responses of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 photosystem II (PS II) under pyrene stress were studied. The results showed there was no significant di erence about the oxygen evolution under 0.125 mg/L pyrene stress when compared with control, but it was significantly lower than control at 0.625 mg/L pyrene. Polyphasic chlorophyll-a fluorescence transients in cells of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 exhibited a typical increase including O, J, I, and P phases. Fluorescence yield at phases J, I and P declined slightly at 0.125 and 0.625 mg/L pyrene, and significantly lower than control at 3.125 mg/L. According to the parameters deviated from JIP-test, no modification was induced by pyrene both at the donor side and at the acceptor side of PS II, and the reaction centre of PS II is the primary damaging target. Based on the expressing of four key genes (psbA, psbB, psbC and psbO) of PS II, only psbA showed significant di erence at 3.125 mg/L pyrene when compared with control.