Direct spectral analysis and determination of high content of carcinogenic bromine in bread using UV pulsed laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) was applied for the detection of carcinogenic elements like bromine in four representative brands of loaf bread samples and the measured bromine concentrations were 352, 157, 451, and 311 ppm, using Br I (827.2 nm) atomic transition line as the finger print atomic transition. Our LIBS system is equipped with a pulsed laser of wavelength 266 nm with energy 25 mJ pulse^?1, 8 ns pulse duration, 20 Hz repetition rate, and a gated ICCD camera. The LIBS system was calibrated with the standards of known concentrations in the sample (bread) matrix and such plot is linear in 20–500 ppm range. The capability of our system in terms of limit of detection and relative accuracy with respect to the standard inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) technique was evaluated and these values were 5.09 ppm and 0.01–0.05, respectively, which ensures the applicability of our system for Br trace level detection, and LIBS results are in excellent agreement with that of ICPMS results.     

Estimation and uncertainty analysis of groundwater quality parameters in a coastal aquifer under seawater intrusion: a comparative study of deep learning and classic machine learning methods

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Excessive withdrawal of groundwater for agricultural irrigation can cause seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers. Such a case will in turn results...     

Economic evaluation of thermochemical conversion of municipal solid waste to syngas: a case study of Cape Town municipality

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Thermochemical conversions of the combustible components of municipal solid waste (MSW) minimize the emissions and net effects of greenhouse gas...     

Acute nitrate poisoning in two cattle

Abstract

The rate and product composition during photooxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons (toluene, o‐, m‐, p‐xylene and cumene) dissolved in n‐hexane and spread as a liquid film on water is reported. The photo degradability of these chemicals is 10–20%. The products identified are oxygenated aromatic compounds. It is observed that the absorption bands of the compounds under investigation depend upon the partial pressure of dissolved oxygen and these bands extend up to 290 nm. The new absorption band around 290 nm is probably due to broadening of ¹L_b bands which is responsible for direct photolysis.

stream. We have been especially interested in investigating the rate of disappearance and distribution of main oxidation products in two phases. Besides that an attempt has been made to throw some light on the reaction mechanism.     

Association of urinary arsenic and sleep disorder in the US population: NHANES 2015–2016

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Arsenic is a known carcinogen and neurotoxin and is found in the natural earth crust. Arsenic exposure can develop depression, memory dysfunction, and...     

The effects of walnut and pine leaves on bread wheat growth and frequence of common weed species in the East-Mediterranean region

A field experiment was carried out to determine the effects of walnut (Juglans regia L.) and pine (Pinus sp.) leaves on bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and weed control, during 2001-02 and 2002-03 growing seasons in East Mediterranean region of Turkey. In this research, the treatments were: applications of ground walnut leaves (GWL) and ground pine leaves (GPL) at 19 g/m2 dose at Zadoks-11, applications of 200, 400 and 800 cc/m2 of walnut leaves extract (WLE2, WLE4 and WLE8 respectively), pine leaves extract (PLE2, PLE4 and PLE8 respectively), mixture extract of 200 cc walnut and 200 cc pine (ME), herbicide application (HA) at 8 g/m2 dose at Zadoks-21, and control (C) without any treatment. The results have indicated that the effects of treatments were significant for grain yield (GY), plant height (PH), flag leaf length (FLL), weed number per square meter (WN), but non significant for grain number per head (GN), grain weight per head (GW), 1000 grain weight (1000 GW), flag leaf width (FLW), head number per square meter (HN), vegetative period (VP), grain filling period (GFP) and days to maturity (DM).     

污水污泥流化床空气气化焦油的燃烧特性

利用热重分析法,研究了气化温度（650、750和850℃）和污泥性质对污泥流化床气化焦油燃烧特性的影响变化规律。结果表明：6种污泥气化焦油的燃烧过程均分为轻质有机物挥发和燃烧、重质有机物分解和燃烧以及微量残炭燃烧3个阶段;其中第一阶段失重率均明显高于第二阶段,且第一阶段和第二阶段的失重率随气化温度的升高而分别呈现为升高和降低的变化趋势。来自于活性污泥法工艺未消化污泥气化焦油在第一阶段的失重率高于消化污泥的,而A2/O工艺未消化污泥气化焦油在第一阶段的失重率则低于消化污泥的。6种气化焦油的机理函数不完全相同,但反应级数均在1~2.5之间,且第一阶段的表观活化能均低于30 kJ·mol-1。污泥流化床空气气化焦油的着火点和表观活化能均比其固定床空气气化焦油的低。     

Semi-solid anaerobic co-digestion of source-separated fecal slag and food waste: focusing on methane production,ecological risk assessment,and quality evaluation as fertilizer

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Toilet revolution is driven by the urgent need for solutions to improve sanitation and access to high-quality organic fertilizer for rural areas,...