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31.
Murayama H Moriyama N Mitobe H Mukai H Takase Y Shimizu Ki Kitayama Y 《Chemosphere》2003,52(5):825-833
A simple method for quantitative analyses of organic chlorine pesticides (OCPs) in environmental water samples such as rainwater, river water and seawater using activated carbon fiber filters (ACFF) is described. ACFF was used as adsorbent to collect the chemicals in water samples. The collection of OCPs was completed almost for one day by stirring the mixture of the sample and the ACFF chips at room temperature. The adsorbed OCPs on the ACFF could be extracted easily with toluene-ethanol (4:1) mixed solvent. The purified extract by a florisil column chromatograph was followed by the analysis using high-resolution gas chromatograph/high-resolution mass spectrometer. Recoveries of OCPs spiked to actual samples such as rainwater, river water and seawater samples were approximately more than 80%, and the coefficients of variations were within 10%. This method was applied to the actual samples and was confirmed to be applicable for monitoring sub-ng/l level OCPs in environmental water samples. 相似文献
32.
Fenta Ayele Almaw Yasuda Hiroshi Shimizu Katsuyuki Haregeweyn Nigussie 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(4):1229-1240
Regional Environmental Change - Climate variability and human activities are two major drivers influencing changes in streamflow response of a watershed, and thus assessing their relative effect is... 相似文献
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Nguyen Thai Hoa Yuzuru Matsuoka 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2017,22(3):427-446
The global waste sector produces, on average, 2–5 % of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The amount of GHG emissions has grown steadily and is predicted to increase considerable in the forthcoming decades because of the increases in population and gross domestic product (GDP). However, the GHG mitigation opportunities for the sector are still fully not exploited, in particularly in developing countries. A series of initiatives were highly successful and showed that large reductions in emissions are possible. This study aims to propose a holistic quantification model, which can be used for estimation of waste generation and evaluation of the potential reduction of GHG emissions in waste sector for developing countries with a particular application to Vietnam. The two scenarios set for the study were business as usual (BaU) which waste management is assumed to follow past and current trends and CounterMeasure (CM) which alternative waste treatment and management are assessed. Total emissions in the BaU scenario are projected to increase from 29.47 MtCO2eq in 2010 to 85.60 MtCO2eq by 2030 and 176.32 MtCO2eq by 2050. The highest emissions are due to methane (CH4) released by disposal sites, accounting for about 60 % of the GHG emissions from waste in Vietnam in 2030. This emission is projected to increase significantly (67 % in 2050), unless more of the methane is captured and used for energy generation. The CM scenario gives emission reductions from 25.7 % (2020), 40.5 % (2030) to 56.6 % (2050) compared to the BaU scenario. The highest GHG reduction is achieved through recycling, followed by methane recovery to optimize the co-benefit for climate change mitigation. 相似文献
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Scenario study for a regional low-carbon society 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Japan should undertake drastic greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions by the middle of this century in order to mitigate
climate change problems. Municipalities should design and execute scenarios toward a low-carbon society suited to their respective
regions. This study describes long-term future visions developed for Shiga Prefecture targeting CO2 emission reductions of 30–50% by 2030, and presents scenarios to attain these targets, which are achievable with mild economic
growth. For targets over a 30% reduction, region-specific measures including land-use reform and citizen behavioral changes
are necessary. Compared with other regions in Japan, Shiga should give priority to a modal shift in transport, efficiency
improvements in industry, and photovoltaic energy generation. 相似文献
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39.
A novel cell division factor from tobacco 2B-13 cells that induced cell division in auxin-starved tobacco BY-2 cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Shimizu T Eguchi K Nishida I Laukens K Witters E Van Onckelen H Nagata T 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2006,93(6):278-285
Effects of auxin as plant hormones are widespread; in fact in almost all aspects of plant growth and development auxin plays
a pivotal role. Although auxin is required for propagating cell division in plant cells, its effect upon cell division is
least understood. If auxin is depleted from the culture medium, cultured cells cease to divide. It has been demonstrated in
this context that the addition of auxin to auxin-starved nondividing tobacco BY-2 cells induced semisynchronous cell division.
On the other hand, there are some cell lines, named habituated cells, that can grow without auxin. The cause and reason for
the habituated cells have not been clarified. A habituated cell line named 2B-13 is derived from the tobacco BY-2 cell line,
which has been most intensively studied among plant cell lines. When we tried to find the difference between two cell lines
of BY-2 and 2B-13 cells, we found that the addition of culture filtrated from the auxin-habituated 2B-13 cells induced semisynchronous
cell division in auxin-starved BY-2 cells. The cell division factor (CDF) that is responsible for inducing cell division in
auxin-starved BY-2 cells was purified to near-homogeneity by sequential passage through a hydroxyapatite column, a ConA Sepharose
column and a Sephadex gel filtration column. The resulting purified fraction appeared as a single band of high molecular weight
on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels by silver staining and was able to induce cell division
in auxin-starved BY-2 cells. Identification of the protein by MALD-TOF-MS/MS revealed that it is structurally related to P-glycoprotein
from Gossypioides kirkii, which belongs to ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-transporters. The significance of CDF as a possible ABC-transporter is discussed
in relationship to auxin–autotrophic growth and auxin-signaling pathway. 相似文献
40.
Osamu Abe Wenshou Wei Masao Mikami Kenji Kosugi Junrong Xu Takeshi Sato Mingzhe Liu Masujiro Shimizu Atsushi Sato 《Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus》2005,5(3-6):3-13
Four automatic weather stations (AWS) were installed on the slopes and foot areas of the Tianshan and Kunlun Mountains along
a longitude of 80 degrees east: (1) Taglak 2400 m a.s.l., (2) Aksu 1000 m, (3) Kartash 2800 m, and (4) Qira 1700 m. These
two slopes face the Taklimakan Desert. Tagliak lies on the southern slope of Tianshan, and Kartash on the northern slope of
Kunlun. The meteorological characteristics of the mountainous regions were investigated using surface data obtained during
an intensive observation period (IOP) in spring 2002. It was found that visibility on the slopes decreases in the daytime,
and there is no relationship between visibility and wind speed in the mountainous areas. Two snow layers containing dust particles
were observed in the snow cover in Taglak during the IOP in spring 2003. These results suggest that a warm air parcel containing
aeolian dust climbs over the slopes of the mountainous areas, and dust particles in the mountainous areas are transported
from the foot areas. 相似文献