泄爆面积比对泄爆门封闭泄爆特性的影响研究

为研究泄爆面积比对泄爆门泄爆特性的影响,运用FLUENT软件建立煤矿井下1:1巷道模型,在不同泄爆面积比的工况下对瓦斯爆炸传播规律及泄爆过程进行模拟,分析其变化特征和封闭泄爆效果.结果表明:S0工况条件下,压力和温度衰减后保持在0.29 MPa和565 K;S1～S4工况条件下,S4比S1,S2和S3达到封闭状态时间快...     

基于改进DEA交叉效率模型的洪水灾害区域脆弱性评价

为了评价洪水灾害区域脆弱性,提出了应用改进DEA交叉效率模型和熵权法相结合的洪水灾害区域脆弱性评价方法。首先,在洪灾形成理论的基础上,构建洪灾区域脆弱性指标体系和评价标准;其次,应用改进DEA交叉效率模型计算不同区域的成灾效率,利用熵权法计算权重集结全局成灾效率。根据成灾效率的实际意义分析不同区域脆弱性的相对大小。最后,选取我国各省份洪灾作为实证分析的研究对象。研究结果表明:该方法能够准确评价区域洪灾脆弱性程度,评价结果与实际情况一致,具有较好的适用性。     

火灾后套筒灌浆料力学性能试验研究

为研究火灾对套筒灌浆料力学性能的影响,设计不同受火时间(60,90 min),不同静置时间(1,14 d)以及不同冷却方式(自然冷却、喷水冷却)试验,分析不同工况下的套筒灌浆料的抗折强度和抗压强度.结果表明:随着受火时间的增加,套筒灌浆料的抗折、抗压强度均逐渐降低,自然冷却后抗折强度残余率分别为11.3％、9.1％,抗...     

内蒙古锡林河流域土壤呼吸的温度敏感性

2004年9月～2005年9月对内蒙古锡林河流域4种草地类型的土壤呼吸速率及相关水热因子进行了野外测定,应用2种数学模型和不同温度指标对草地土壤呼吸的温度敏感性问题进行了探讨.结果表明,Van′tHoff模型对温度变化较为敏感,显示出冬季的Q₁₀值明显大于夏季的特征,应用Arrhenius模型求算的不同季节的Q₁₀值变化不大.在>5℃时,Q₁₀值的变动范围,Van′tHoff模型为1.60～2.03,Arrhenius模型为1.48～1.67,略高于全球平均值;2种模型均对水分的变化比较敏感,表现为Q₁₀值随土壤水分的降低而升高的趋势.     

生物气溶胶采样技术研究进展

介绍了沉降法、撞击法和静电场吸附法等3种常见生物气溶胶采样技术的基本原理及各自的优缺点,指出其发展趋势为建立复合式、大流量联合采样技术及小活性粒子的采样技术,实现生物气溶胶的快速自动化采样.     

考虑爆裂影响的钢筋混凝土梁火灾温度场数值分析

为了描述混凝土高温爆裂对构件热传导过程的影响,结合钢筋混凝土梁火灾试验,考虑爆裂时间和区域的不确定性,建立了火灾下钢筋混凝土梁数值分析模型,分析爆裂深度、爆裂面积比、爆裂位置等爆裂参数对梁跨中截面温度场的影响规律。研究结果表明:当钢筋混凝土梁发生受火爆裂,梁截面的温度显著升高,并随爆裂深度的增大而进一步增强;爆裂面积比对截面温度场影响不显著,当爆裂深度、爆裂位置一定,爆裂面积比增加达到13%左右时,截面温度场基本上不再变化;爆裂深度、爆裂面积比一定,梁跨中爆裂对截面温度场影响最大,但是底部纵筋处温度较顶部纵筋处温度升高较快。     

Levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in some agricultural, industrial and urban areas along Xiamen coastal waters, China

An intensive investigation was conducted to study the distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs）, to show firstly the level of pollution in the agricultural areas and analyses specifically the status of soil polluted by these persistent pollutants in some locations of Xiamen region. Soil samples collected from Jiulong agricultural catchment have been analysed for 16 PAH compounds, using gas chromatography flame ionization detection in order to determine the level of selected PAH components and to identify the factors that may control their distribution and persistence in the area. The main PAHs found in soil samples were the low molecular weight. The total PAHs detected in soil samples ranged from 0.50 to 0.95 μg/g soil. The highest values of PAHs were significantly detected in the orange tree leaves, which range from 236.1 to 249.3 μg/g soil showing recent atmospheric inputs of these volatile pollutants. The distribution of PAHs in vegetable were monitored and indicating that the concentration were high and ranged from 8.24 to 58.87 μg/g. Other sediment samples were also collected and analysed from urban sewage （5.26 μg/g dw）, aquacultural （0.52 μg/g dw） and industrial areas （from 0.62 to 2.09 μg/g dw）, during this investigation. The contamination of Jiulong river estuary and Xiamen Western Sea by PAHs has been then widely justified by wastcwatcr discharges and soil runoffs from these areas. The results, therefore, provide important information on the current contamination status caused by the atmospheric transport and point to the need for urgent actions to stop the release of these hydrocarbons to the environment. The necessity of implementing systematic monitoring of PAHs is also emphasized.     

基于修正随机有限断层法的沉积盆地地震动模拟∗

基于随机有限断层法理论框架,采用间接边界元方法求解沉积盆地地震动放大效应,以此修正场地放大因子,发展了一种可考虑盆地效应的修正随机有限断层法。基于该方法,模拟了 2021 年 2 月 13 日日本 M_W7.1 海域地震中日本关东盆地地震反应,并与常规随机有限断层法及实测地震记录进行了对比。结果表明：与常规随机有限断层法相比,采用修正随机有限断层法模拟盆地地震动表现出更显著的空间变异性,盆地边缘地震动峰值加速度较常规方法放大了 6.24 倍,与实测地震记录吻合度更高;区域地震动峰值加速度空间分布整体特征与实测地震记录基本一致;相较于不考虑场地影响下的结果盆地内部分台站长周期下的谱加速度值扩大了近 5 倍,表明深厚沉积盆地在长周期范围内的场地放大更加明显。     

微气泡臭氧催化氧化-生化耦合工艺深度处理煤化工废水

采用微气泡臭氧催化氧化-生化耦合工艺对煤化工废水生化出水进行深度处理,考察耦合系统处理性能及不同臭氧投加量和进水COD量比值的影响.结果表明,微气泡臭氧催化氧化处理能够有效降解废水中难降解含氮芳香族污染物,去除部分COD并释放氨氮,显著提高废水可生化性,臭氧利用率接近100%,无需进行臭氧尾气处理;同时为生化处理提供充足溶解氧(DO),实现生化处理对COD和氨氮的进一步有效去除,生化处理无需曝气.在系统出水回流比为30%、臭氧投加量和进水COD量之比为0.44 mg·mg~(-1)的运行条件下,耦合系统处理性能较好.微气泡臭氧催化氧化处理对COD去除率为42.5%,臭氧消耗量与COD去除量比值为1.38 mg·mg~(-1),臭氧利用率为98.0%;生化处理对COD去除率为42.3%;耦合系统整体COD去除率为66.7%,最终平均出水COD浓度为91.5 mg·L~(-1),估算整体臭氧消耗量与COD去除量比值为0.68 mg·mg~(-1),具有较优的技术经济性能.     

A novel aminated polymeric adsorbent for removing refractory dissolvedorganic matter from landfill leachate treatment plant

Refractory dissolved organic matter (DOM) from landfill leachate treatment plant was with high dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content. An aminated polymeric adsorbent NDA-8 with tertiary amino groups and sufficient mesopore was synthesized, which exhibited high adsorption capacity to the DOM (raw water after coagulation). Resin NDA-8 performed better in the uptake of the DOM than resin DAX-8 and A100. Electrostatic attraction was considered as the decisive interaction between the adsorbent and adsorbate. Special attention was paid to the correlation between porous structure and adsorption capacity. The mesopore of NDA-8 played a crucial role during uptake of the DOM. In general, resin in chloride form performed a higher removal rate of DOC. According to the column adsorption test, total adsorption capacity of NDA-8 was calculated to 52.28 mg DOC/mL wet resin. 0.2 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution could regenerate the adsorbent efficiently.