了解外企文化,面试顺利闯关

作为人类社会中的一个重要组成部分,文化无时无刻不在影响和制约着人们的社会行为。外资企业因其所在的不同文化,形成了独特的企业文化与用人理念。真正了解外企文化及其价值观,才能在面试中充分发挥并展示出企业所需要的素养与品质,最终轻松进入职场。     

Polyelectrolyte enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF) for the removal of Cd(II): effects of organic ligands and solution pH

This study focused on the effects of pH and organic ligands, namely ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), and citric acids, on the removal and recovery of Cd(II) in polyelectrolyte enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF). Polyethylenimine (PEI), which can bind with both positively charged metal ions by coordination bonding and negatively charged ligand-metal complexes by charge attraction, was employed as a chelating polymer. The removal and recovery of Cd species was greatly dependent on the chemistry of organic ligands according to solution pH, particularly being related to the distribution of Cd-ligand complexes at different pH levels. In the presence of EDTA, the dominant Cd species are negatively charged Cd(EDTA)(2-) and CdH(EDTA)(-) over the range of pH levels investigated, interacting with PEI via electrostatic attraction and being less pH dependent. On the other hand, the pH effects of both NTA and citric acid systems are similar to that for the system without organic ligands. This was associated with the fact that free Cd ions were predominant at the acidic pH range in both NTA and citric acid systems.     

肥料配施对土壤蓄水抗旱性能的影响

田间和室内施肥实验观测结果表明,有机肥和氮素化肥配合施用可以显著提高土壤的持水容量,并有效地抑制裸土蒸发.连续4年适量的稻草和化肥氮素配施与单施化肥相比,粘盘黄褐土的田间持水量增加20%左右,作物初萎土壤含水量有所降低,因而有效水储量增加;裸土蒸发过程中,在0～8×104Pa吸力范围内,随着土壤含水量降低,施有机肥的土壤吸力陡增,失去单位数量的水需要做更多的功,因而蒸发强度减弱,15d累积蒸发量比单施化肥的土壤减少26%.秸杆与化学氮肥配合施用,可以明显增强土壤的蓄水抗旱机制.     

Characterization of in-use light-duty gasoline vehicle emissions by remote sensing in Beijing: impact of recent control measures

China's national government and Beijing city authorities have adopted additional control measures to reduce the negative impact of vehicle emissions on Beijing's air quality. An evaluation of the effectiveness of these measures may provide guidance for future vehicle emission control strategy development. In-use emissions from light-duty gasoline vehicles (LDGVs) were investigated at five sites in Beijing with remote sensing instrumentation. Distance-based mass emission factors were derived with fuel consumption modeled on real world data. The results show that the recently implemented aggressive control strategies are significantly reducing the emissions of on-road vehicles. Older vehicles are contributing substantially to the total fleet emissions. An earlier program to retrofit pre-Euro cars with three-way catalysts produced little emission reduction. The impact of model year and driving conditions on the average mass emission factors indicates that the durability of vehicles emission controls may be inadequate in Beijing.     

卟啉作为人体早期砷暴露生物标志的研究

采用氢化物发生原子吸收分析了贵州省燃煤污染型砷中毒区和非砷中毒区（对照）居民尿样中砷浓度,采用高效液相色谱法分析了卟啉浓度,考察了燃煤污染造成的人体砷暴露与尿液中卟啉排泄改变的关系,寻求慢性砷中毒早期健康效应的生物标志物.结果显示,与对照组相比,砷暴露组尿卟啉Ⅲ（uroporphyrin-Ⅲ）和粪卟啉Ⅲ（coproporphyrin-Ⅲ）显著增高（P＜0.01,P＜0.01）,粪卟啉Ⅰ（coproporphyrin-Ⅰ）比对照组增高,但不显著;不同性别组间比较,对照组和暴露组的中龄（20～40岁）群体尿液中,尿卟啉Ⅲ的浓度在男性和女性群体之间呈显著性的差异（P<0.01）,其它年龄组中,这一指标在不同性别群体之间未见显著性差异;不同年龄分层比较,低龄组（＜20岁）尿卟啉Ⅲ和粪卟啉Ⅲ比对照显著增高（P＜0.01,P＜0.01）,中龄组（20～40岁）和高龄组（＞40岁）粪卟啉Ⅲ比对照显著增高（P＜0.05,P＜0.05）;此外,砷暴露组尿液中砷与总粪卟啉和总卟啉呈正相关（r=0.623,r=0.549）.结果表明,人体砷暴露会导致尿液中卟啉排泄的改变,提示卟啉有可能作为慢性砷中毒早期健康效应的生物标志.     

水中微量弱极性内分泌干扰物测定方法的研究

使用ENVITM Chrom P固相萃取小柱、双(三甲基硅烷基)三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)衍生剂及气质联机,系统研究了水中弱极性内分泌干扰物(EDCs)的测定方法.通过正交试验,得到最佳固相萃取条件为:水样流速5 mL/min,洗脱剂为二氯甲烷,洗脱速率0.5 mL/min,洗脱剂体积6 mL.最佳衍生化条件为:BSTFA 100 μL,60 ℃,反应时间30 min.结果表明,双酚A、五氯酚、2,4-二氯苯酚、4-壬基酚、雌二醇、雌三醇、雌酮、炔雌二醇的回收率在82.4%～101.9%,检出限为0.01～0.06 μg/L.     

曝气生物滤池用于分散型污水处理及其动力学浅析

将曝气生物滤池用于分散型污水处理,分析了反应器在不同水力负荷条件下对污染物的去除效果,同时从动力学角度对反应器作了浅析,总结出一个动力学模型.实验证明,该模型对出水水质预测和水力负荷条件的确定具有一定的工程实践指导作用.     

Effect of SiO2 addition on NH4HSO4 decomposition and SO2 poisoning over V2O5–MoO3/TiO2–CeO2 catalyst

The deposition of NH₄HSO₄ and the poisoning effect of SO₂ on SCR catalyst are the main obstacles that restrict the industrial application of CeO₂-doped SCR catalysts. In this work, deposited NH₄HSO₄ decomposition behavior and SO₂ poisoning over V₂O₅–MoO₃/TiO₂ catalysts modified with CeO₂ and SiO₂ were investigated. By the means of characterization analysis, it was found that the addition of SiO₂ into VMo/Ti–Ce had an impact on the interaction existed between catalyst surface atoms and NH₄HSO₄. Temperature-programmed methods and in situ diffused reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) experiments indicated that the doping of SiO₂ promoted the decomposition of deposited NH₄HSO₄ on VMo/Ti–Ce catalyst surface by reducing the thermal stability of NH₄HSO₄ and enhancing the NH₄HSO₄ reactivity with NO in low temperature. And this improvement may be the reason for the better catalytic activity than VMo/Ti–Ce in the case of NH₄HSO₄ deposition. Accompanied with cerium sulfate species generated over catalyst surface, the conversion of SO₂ to SO₃ was inhibited in SiCe mixed catalyst. The addition of SiO₂ could promote the decomposition of cerium sulfate, which may be a potential strategy to enhance the resistance of SO₂ poisoning over CeO₂-modifed catalysts.     

关于青岛市废旧电器循环利用对策的思考

随着科技的不断进步，家电产品更新换代的速度不断加快，由于废旧电器的不当处置所引发的环境问题日益突出。如何在保障环境安全的前提下，建立有效的废旧电器回收体系，实现废旧电器的资源最大化和环境无害化处置是当前我国大力发展循环经济主要面对和重点要解决的问题之一。本文以青岛市电器产品的生产和保有状况、废旧电器排放和资源化利用状况调查为基础，分析了静脉产业类生态工业园区的建设对促进废旧电器“3R”化的重要作用。揭示了建立合理的回收体系是青岛市废旧电器循环利用的主要因素。结合“延伸生产者责任制度”，提出青岛市废旧电器循环利用的对策及各相关方责任。为青岛市制订废旧电器相关地方性法规提供了重要依据，同时也为国家相关立法工作提供了重要借鉴。