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981.
The effect of riboflavin (1 microM) on the fate of TNT (20 mg/l) in a natural water environment was studied. The relative contribution of photolysis, microbial assemblages and freshwater matrix to TNT degradation was examined. The rates, extent and products of TNT and riboflavin transformation were compared under different experimental conditions. It was found that riboflavin significantly enhanced the degradation of TNT in natural water environment. Thus it is a potentially useful photosensitizing agent for the treatment of TNT-contaminated surface water. Furthermore, in the presence of riboflavin, two new intermediates with max. absorption wavelength of 230 nm were found, demonstrating that transformation of TNT in the presence of riboflavin undergoes different pathways. 相似文献
982.
Dina Tan Honghu Zeng Jie Liu Xiaozhang Yu Yanpeng Liang Lanjing Lu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(7):1492-1499
The kinetics of the degradation of trace nitrobenzene (NB) by a granular activated carbon (GAC) enhanced microwave (MW)/hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) system was studied. Effects of pH, NB initial concentration and tert-butyl alcohol on the removal efficiency were examined. It was found that the reaction rate fits well to first-order reaction kinetics in the MW/GAC/H2O2 process. Moreover, GAC greatly enhanced the degradation rate of NB in water. Under a given condition (MW power 300 W, H2O2 dosage 10 mg/L, pH 6.85 and temperature (60±5)℃), the degradation rate of NB was 0.05214 min-1 when 4 g/L GAC was added. In general, alkaline pH was better for NB degradation; however, the optimum pH was 8.0 in the tested pH value range of 4.0-12.0. At H2O2 dosage of 10 mg/L and GAC dosage of 4 g/L, the removal of NB was decreased with increasing initial concentrations of NB, indicating that a low initial concentration was beneficial for the degradation of NB. These results indicated that the MW/GAC/H2O2 process was effective for trace NB degradation in water. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis indicated that a hydroxyl radical addition reaction and dehydrogenation reaction enhanced NB degradation. 相似文献
983.
废弃铅锌冶炼厂重金属污染场地的健康风险评价 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对广西某废弃铅锌冶炼厂区进行布点采样、监测分析,选取Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、As六种重金属元素作为评价因子,对污染场地进行健康风险评价.结果显示,指数评价法表明厂区污染状况为废渣>>建筑垃圾>土壤,Cd >Zn >As >Pb >Cu> Cr,土壤受到中度污染,废渣和建筑垃圾受到重度污染.健康风险评价法表明土壤、废渣和建筑垃圾的危害商分别为2.032、13.891、2.975,非致癌危害废渣>>建筑垃圾>土壤;Cu、Zn、Cr、Cd、As的危害商分别为0.053、0.118、0.184、7.001、11.542,非致癌危害As >Cd >Cr>Zn >Cu.土壤、废渣和建筑垃圾的致癌风险分别为5.387E-04、7.954E-04、2.455E-04,致癌危害废渣>土壤>建筑垃圾;As、Cd、Cr的致癌风险分别为5233E-04、2.400E-05、1.032E-03,致癌危害Cr>As >Cd.综上,人体健康危害废渣>建筑垃圾>土壤,主要危害元素为As、Cd、Cr. 相似文献
984.
包装印刷的环境性能及绿色化对策探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
绿色环保已成为新世纪的发展主题,包装印刷的绿色化问题已成为阻碍包装印刷工业持续发展的大问题。对此,在研究了现行各种包装印刷技术的环境性能,及包装印刷材料中油墨的环境性能的基础上,从总体上探讨了包装印刷绿色化五个方面的发展对策:发展无醇印刷和无水胶印技术,发展环保柔性版印刷技术,发展环保油墨,发展直接制版技术(CTP)和数字化印刷技术,发展废弃物处理技术。 相似文献
985.
986.
987.
An overview of the spatial and temporal variations of the environmental accidents in China in recent years was presented in this paper using available data. The results showed that the frequency of pollution accidents was significantly decreased, from 3462 in 1990 to 462 in 2007. The water and air pollution accidents were found to be the dominant types, accounting for more than 80% of the total accidents. Considering the classification of environmental accidents at 4 scales, the general environmental accident, i.e., the least serious type, was the most frequent event, taking up 58.98% of the total pollution accidents. In addition, the distribution of environmental accidents was generally in accordance with the industrial layout in the country during the past decade. It is very important to note that the extraordinarily severe environmental accidents showed an increasing trend in underdeveloped regions, which was caused by the transfer and the development of heavy polluted industry in these areas. As to the losses of environmental accidents, the casualties presented an obvious reduction tendency, while the direct economic loss per accident tended to climb up. Furthermore, some key factors that affect the spatial and temporal tendencies of environmental accidents in China were discussed and some suggestions were put forward, hoping to shed light on environmental risk management and emergency plans making associated with environmental accidents in China. 相似文献
988.
铜锈环棱螺作为一种新兴的潜在生态毒理学模式生物,适宜实验条件是开展其室内毒理学研究的基础。在人为控制条件下,初步探讨了饵料、水深、底质、密度和钙离子浓度养殖条件对铜锈环棱螺成体生长的影响,并进一步对麻醉条件进行了筛选(Mg Cl2·2H2O、乙醇、丁香酚、盐酸普鲁卡因和MS-222)。结果表明:当投喂冰鲜小球藻、密度6个·L-1水体积、水深10~15cm、泥土底质并且水中钙离子浓度30 mg·L-1时,铜锈环棱螺的体重增长最为明显。麻醉效果表明,Mg Cl2·2H2O对成螺的麻醉时间短并且伤害小,可作为实验用麻醉剂首选。以上研究结果为发展以铜锈环棱螺为模式生物开展环境(生态)毒理学研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
989.
FBS-3观测系统与仿真地方震震级偏差分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
蒙城地震台数字化仪记录到的地方震,它的仿真震级与未仿真震级差别很大,有时高达0.9,平均在0.37左右,究竟那个震级更接近标准震级,速保时应使用哪一种,资料应用时采用哪一种,对此本文进行了讨论. 相似文献
990.
Simultaneous elution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals
from contaminated soil by two amino acids derived from β-cyclodextrins 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chengjian Yang Qingru Zeng Yunzhong Wang Bohan Liao Jian Sun Hui Shi Xingdou Chen 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(12):1910-1915
Two highly water-soluble amino acids,which derived from β-CDs,i.e.,glutamic acid-β-cyclodextrin (GluCD) and ethylene-diamineβ-cyclodextrin (EDCD),were synthesized and were examined for their effect on solubilization of anthracene (ANT),complexation of cadmium (Cd2+),and elution removal of ANT and Cd2+ in soil.The results showed that GluCD and EDCD were powerful complexant for ANT and Cd2+.In the presence of 10 g/L GluCD and EDCD,the solubilization of ANT increased by 47.04 and 23.85 times compared to the control,respectively.GluCD resulted in approximately 90% complexation of Cd2+ while 70% complexation was observed for EDCD.Simultaneously,GluCD and EDCD could greatly enhance the elution removal of ANT and Cd 2+ from soil.GluCD resulted in the highest elution efficiency of ANT and Cd2+.With the addition of 10 g/L GluCD,53.5% of ANT and 85.6% of Cd2+ were eluted,respectively.The ANT had a negligible effect on the Cd2+ removal due to different complexing sites of ANT and Cd2+,while Cd2+ enhanced the ANT removal under the addition of GluCD because Cd2+ neutralized the-COOH group of GluCD.Adversely,the removal of ANT was decreased with Cd2+ under the addition of EDCD,this was due to the fact that Cd2+ enhanced the polarity of EDCD molecule and inhibited the complexation between ANT and EDCD.The study suggested that GluCD could be preferred and be successfully applied to remediation of heavy metals or organic compounds in contaminated soil. 相似文献