利用生产模拟对青藏高原小麦高产原因的分析

在大量的实测资料基础上，通过模拟计算得到了在当前气候条件下、水肥适宜的青藏高原冬小麦干物质累积动态曲线。模拟计算表明：青藏高原夏季气候温凉，小麦生育期延长，因而干物质累积时间长，高原小麦高产主要以干物质累积时间长取胜，有利的夏季温度条件是高原小麦高产的最主要原因；青藏高原冬小麦干物质潜在产量可达３２ｔ／ｈm₂·ａ，籽粒潜在产量可达１４４ｔ／ｈm₂·ａ，为平原的１４５倍。     

Distribution features of oil and preventive countermeasures in Meizhou Bay, China

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隐孢子虫病及其水媒传播控制

综述了隐孢子虫和隐孢子虫病的特性，症状和传播途径，水媒传播的重要案列及其为水工业和水源保护带来的启示。介绍了隐孢子虫的检测方法和相应水质指标的研究现状；给水工业中控制隐孢子虫病传播的主要手段。     

大连湾沉积物中的有机氯农药和多氯联苯

对大连湾附近海域的沉积物中有机氯农药 (OCPs)和多氯联苯 (PCBs)进行了定性和定量分析 ,并探讨在沉积物中的分布特征。沉积物中BHCs的浓度范围为 0 .0 2 7× 10 -9～ 5 .782× 10 -9,平均值为 0 .2 46× 10 -9;沉积物中DDTs的浓度范围为 0 .72 7× 10 -9～ 5 .72 3× 10 -9,平均值为 2 .2 0 8× 10 -9;沉积物中PCBs的浓度范围为 0 .0 40× 10 -9～ 3.2 30× 10 -9,平均值为 2 .141× 10 -9。结果表明 ,该湾沉积物未受到OCPs、PCBs的污染 ,其浓度与 1996年调查数据相比呈降低趋势。     

黑麦草修复多氯代有机物污染土壤的初步研究

通过土培实验,研究了黑麦草对以pp’DDT,v—BHC,HCB为代表的多氯代有机物（PCOPs）污染土壤的修复效果和根际土壤性质的动态变化。结果表明：种植黑麦草90d后．土壤中PCOPs下降了19．01％～41．75％;在黑麦草生长的前期和中期（0-60d1,土壤中PCOPs下降较快,黑麦草对PCOPs吸收能力较强;黑麦草对高浓度污染土壤的修复能力较强：在去除土壤中PCOPs的作用上,黑麦草的吸收是轻微的,仅占1．20％。4．72％,土壤中PCOPs去除的主要原因是根际微生物的降解作用。种植黑麦草能改变根际环境,土壤pH值、有机质含量和过氧化氢酶活性的变化有利于促进土壤微生物对PCOPs的降解．     

回灌渗滤液VFA浓度对填埋层甲烷化代谢的影响

处于稳定产甲烷阶段的填埋层具有降解回灌渗滤液有机物的能力,但高浓度渗滤液的主要组分(挥发性脂肪酸(VFA))可能影响填埋层的甲烷化代谢,导致填埋层对回灌渗滤液有机物降解效率恶化.采用实验室模拟填埋柱回灌不同ρ(VFA)模拟渗滤液的方法,研究不同VFA负荷对稳定产甲烷阶段填埋层甲烷化代谢的影响.结果表明:稳定产甲烷填埋层具有处理高ρ(VFA-C)渗滤液的能力,其有机碳的转化能力小于1.0 g/(kg·d);当回灌渗滤液中的ρ(VFA-C)大于14.8g/L(有机负荷为2.2 g/(kg·d))时可抑制填埋层的甲烷化代谢,但这种抑制可随着回灌渗滤液中ρ(VFA-C)的降低而得到解除;为保证填埋层内垃圾的降解,应控制回灌渗滤液的有机负荷不超过1.0g/(k·d).      

装备全寿命环境剖面与任务剖面

评估和提升装备的战备完好性和任务成功性,必须掌控装备的全寿命剖面,特别是全寿命环境剖面和全寿命任务剖面。论述了环境剖面和任务剖面之间的关系和界定原则,提出了环境剖面的确定方法,阐述了组成任务剖面的作战使用剖面和非作战使用剖面的确定步骤和应该考虑的要点。     

Membrane fouling controlled by coagulation/adsorption during direct sewage membrane filtration (DSMF) for organic matter concentration

Unlike the role of the membrane in a membrane bioreactor, which is designed to replace a sediment tank, direct sewage membrane filtration(DSMF), with the goal of concentrating organic matters, is proposed as a pretreatment process in a novel sewage treatment concept. The concept of membrane-based pretreatment is proposed to divide raw sewage into a concentrated part retaining most organics and a filtered part with less pollutant remaining, so that energy recovery and water reuse, respectively, could be realized by post-treatment. A pilot-scale experiment was carried out to verify the feasibility of coagulant/adsorbent addition for membrane fouling control, which has been the main issue during this DSMF process. The results showed that continuous coagulant addition successfully slowed down the increase in filtration resistance, with the resistance maintained below 1.0 × 1013m~(-1) in the first 70 hr before a jump occurred. Furthermore,the adsorbent addition contributed to retarding the occurrence of the filtration resistance jump, achieving simultaneous fouling control and chemical oxygen demand(COD)concentration improvement. The final concentrated COD amounted to 7500 mg/L after 6 days of operation.     

Membrane fouling controlled by coagulation/adsorption during direct sewage membrane filtration (DSMF) for organic matter concentration

Unlike the role of the membrane in a membrane bioreactor, which is designed to replace a sediment tank, direct sewage membrane filtration (DSMF), with the goal of concentrating organic matters, is proposed as a pretreatment process in a novel sewage treatment concept. The concept of membrane-based pretreatment is proposed to divide raw sewage into a concentrated part retaining most organics and a filtered part with less pollutant remaining, so that energy recovery and water reuse, respectively, could be realized by post-treatment. A pilot-scale experiment was carried out to verify the feasibility of coagulant/adsorbent addition for membrane fouling control, which has been the main issue during this DSMF process. The results showed that continuous coagulant addition successfully slowed down the increase in filtration resistance, with the resistance maintained below 1.0 × 10¹³ m^− 1 in the first 70 hr before a jump occurred. Furthermore, the adsorbent addition contributed to retarding the occurrence of the filtration resistance jump, achieving simultaneous fouling control and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration improvement. The final concentrated COD amounted to 7500 mg/L after 6 days of operation.     

人的可靠性研究在建筑施工中的应用

国内外的大量研究和调查表明,人的不安全行为是导致安全事故的主要原因。因此,本文以建筑行业人的不安全行为为主要对象,结合人的可靠性分析,从人员安全保障体系角度进行研究,建立建筑业的人员安全保障指标体系。并运用层次分析法和多指标综合评价方法对建筑行业人员的安全保障体系进行评价。