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The present research was designed to examine the psychometric properties of Chinese versions of the Self Report Driver Behavior Aggression and Assertiveness subscales, the Driving Vengeance Questionnaire, and the Violent Driving Questionnaire. Study 1 found that the all scales demonstrated good internal consistency, with alphas ranging from .76 to .87 and that assertive driving was related to demerit points received over the past 12 months while driver aggression and violence were linked to collisions over the past 12 months. Study 2 found that the scales exhibited reasonable test-retest reliability, with correlations ranging from .82 to .89. Finally, Study 3 showed that each scale was predicted by other dangerous driving attitudes and behaviors, similar to the original versions. The consistency between the translated and original scales, the implications for use in a Chinese sample, and the uniformity of actions in the traffic environment across cultures are discussed. 相似文献
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水环境中不同形态氮对甲芬那酸光降解影响机制的研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
研究了紫外光照射下水环境中不同形态的无机氮(NO-3、NO-2和NH+4)对甲芬那酸(MEF)光解的影响.NO-3与NO-2均促进MEF的光解,NH+4对MEF的光解基本无影响;在NO-3、NO-2存在下添加适量异丙醇,显著抑制MEF的降解,实验表明NO-3、NO-2在光照下产生了·OH并参与对MEF的氧化降解.同时模拟研究了水体处于不同p E值下,水中存在的不同形态的无机氮对MEF光解的复合影响,其对MEF光解促进作用不是简单的叠加关系,增大p E值,MEF的光解速率先增大后减小.当NO-2和NH+4共存时,对MEF的光解主要表现为NO-2的影响;当NO-2和NO-3共存时,两者对MEF的光解存在拮抗作用. 相似文献
65.
To assess the responses of the soil microbial community to chronic ozone (O3), wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum Linn.) were planted in the field and exposed to elevated O3 (eO3) concentration. Three treatments were employed: (1) Control treatment (CK), AOT40 = 0; (2) O3-1, AOT40 = 1.59 ppm•h; (3) O3-2, AOT40 = 9.17 ppm•h. Soil samples were collected for the assessment of microbial biomass C, community-level physiological profiles (CLPPs), and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). EO3 concentration significantly reduced soil microbial carbon and changed microbial CLPPs in rhizosphere soil, but not in non-rhizosphere soil. The results of the PLFAs showed that eO3 concentrations had significant effects on soil community structure in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils. The relative abundances of fungal and actinomycetous indicator PLFAs decreased in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils, while those of bacterial PLFAs increased. Thus the results proved that eO3 concentration significantly changed the soil microbial community function and composition, which would influence the soil nutrient supply and carbon dynamics under O3 exposure. 相似文献
66.
2013年12月1-9日成都及周边城市出现了一次较为严重的区域大气污染过程,重污染区域集中在成都市,其API值最高达到225,首要污染物为PM2.5。对成都地区PM2.5源解析可得出本次污染过程是以机动车尾气和煤烟污染的混合型污染过程,贡献比重之和为42.8%。同时探讨了研究期间造成污染持续累积的相关因素:高空500hPa的大气环流形势处于弱高压前部以下层气流为主;主导风向西南风和东南风,平均风速分别为1.46m/s和0.99m/s,无降水,气温日较差较往年偏高7.1℃的气象条件;高湿及"双逆温"效应的大气结构均不利于污染物扩散。研究表明逆温强度变化与颗粒物浓度的消长具有显著的滞后一致性。研究结果可为成都平原地区发生重污染过程的预警预报及污染防治提供理论依据和研究参考。 相似文献
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Minghuo Wu Jie Du Zhijun An Yufeng Hu Xianliang Yi Hao Zhou Jingjing Zhan 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(12):227-235
Sulfonamides (SAs) are one of the most widely used antibiotics and their residuals in the environment could cause some negative environmental issues. Advanced oxidation such as Fenton-like reaction has been widely applied in the treatment of SAs polluted water. Degradation rates of 95%-99.7% were achieved in this work for the tested 8 SAs, including sulfisomidine, sulfameter (SME), phthalylsulfathiazole, sulfamethoxypyridazine, sulfamonomethoxine, sulfisoxazole, sulfachloropyridazine, and sulfadimethoxine, in the Fe3O4/peroxodisulfate (PDS) oxidation system after the optimization of PDS concentration and pH. Meanwhile, it was found that a lot of unknown oxidation products were formed, which brought up the uncertainty of health risks to the environment, and the identification of these unknown products was critical. Therefore, SME was selected as the model compound, from which the oxidation products were never elucidated, to identify these intermediates/products. With liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS), 10 new products were identified, in which 2-amino-5-methoxypyrimidine (AMP) was confirmed by its standard. The investigation of the oxidation process of SME indicated that most of the products were not stable and the degradation pathways were very complicated as multiple reactions, such as oxidation of the amino group, SO2 extrusion, and potential cross-reaction occurred simultaneously. Though most of the products were not verified due to the lack of standards, our results could be helpful in the evaluation of the treatment performance of SAs containing wastewater. 相似文献
69.
陶战 《中国人口.资源与环境》1994,4(1):62-64
中国农业经历了多种策略阶段,可持续发展策略是新近出现的最先进、最适合现在和将来农业发展的策略。新策略带有系统性原理,其实质是发展与生态环境保护协调的农业。因此,可持续发展措施应同时重视解决农业经济发展与生态环境保护两方面的问题。据此,本文提出了六项措施。 相似文献
70.
依据废渣特性的理论分析,通过对废渣成分以及采用废渣配料前后生料、熟料的成分分析及性能测试,调整生料配比和改变水泥窑操作工艺,通过生产实践数据分析,说明了利用钢渣和粉煤灰作为铁质和铝质校正材料生产普通硅酸盐水泥熟料,不仅可以提高水泥熟料产量和质量,而且可以有效地降低熟料生产成本和产品综合能耗。促进了企业节能减排和资源综合利用的可持续发展。 相似文献