东江源头区"猪-沼-果-鱼"生态农业模式关键技术与面源污染控制分析

以江西省定南县龙塘镇杏林农庄"猪-沼-果-鱼"生态农业模式为例,系统研究了该模式的关键技术与农业面源污染控制效果.杏林农庄内实施山顶种植水土涵养林,山腰开梯田种脐橙,园间栽培生草,山脚保留防护植被带,山脚建造养猪场和沼气池,沼气池下游建有多级鱼塘,已形成较典型的"养猪一沼气一果树一养鱼"四位一体的物质循环和能量梯级利用的综合生态农业模式.分析认为该模式的推广应用有助于有效控制农业面源污染,防止东江源头区水质恶化,具有良好的经济、社会和生态效益.     

抗生素对微生物的联合与低剂量毒性研究进展

目前抗生素已成为一类不可忽视的环境污染物,它在环境中呈"混合-持久-低剂量"的暴露特征。因此,研究抗生素毒性效应,特别是它的联合毒性以及低剂量下毒性兴奋效应,对抗生素污染物生态风险的评价极其重要。以抗生素联合毒性的研究进展为主线,重点概述了抗生素二元混合物的急性和慢性联合毒性研究,指出了抗生素混合物间存在相互作用,它们的联合毒性并非表现为简单的加和或独立效应,且抗生素急性-慢性联合表现出的毒性效应也存在差异;发现了不仅单一抗生素具有Hormesis效应,低剂量抗生素二元混合物也具有Hormesis作用。但目前低剂量抗生素二元混合物对微生物的毒性兴奋效应研究较少,其毒性兴奋效应的预测和评价还有待进一步完善,以期为环境中抗生素的联合生态研究和风险评价提供理论依据。     

稠油污泥资源化处理技术研究进展

石油开采和加工过程会产生大量的含油污泥,其成分复杂、稳定性高、处理难度大,已成为影响石油生产的主要污染因素,因此寻找出合理的含油污泥资源化处理技术十分必要。文章综述了稠油污泥的处理方法和不同油田针对其污泥采用的工艺流程,着重介绍了热解处理的原理和试验方法,并且对含油污泥处理技术未来的发展方向做出展望。     

浙江要大力发展"第五电力资源"

在电力供应与用户需求中,由于电力的不可储存性,常常出现高峰时段电力紧缺,而低谷时段电力富裕的情况.为满足一年中很短时间的高峰用电,常从电力供应侧入手,投入大量的资金建设发电机组和电网,以满足用户的需求,结果造成资源的闲置与浪费.为改变这种状况,就需从电力需求侧入手,对用电负荷进行管理.通过经济、技术、行政等手段,削峰填谷,合理用电,经济用电,达到节省电源和电网投资,保证电网安全稳定运行,提高资源利用效率,降低能源消耗的目的.     

兰聊断裂中南部及周边流动重力前兆异常特征

通过整理和剖析兰聊断裂带中南部及其周边地震重力观测资料,分析研究了兰聊断裂带中南部重力场时空变化及其与地震活动的关系,特别是2003年来兰聊断裂发生的几次ML4级左右地震的前兆特征,研究了强震孕育发生过程重力异常特征及探讨断裂带周边重力特征。     

WRF模式中城市冠层参数化方案在重庆气象环境模拟中的性能比较

目前,耦合在WRF模式中的城市冠层方案包括单层冠层方案（UCM）、多层冠层方案(BEP)以及考虑室内外大气能量交换的多层冠层方案(BEP+BEM)。以2006年高温伏旱天气为背景,典型的拥有高密建筑物的山地城市重庆为研究对象,采用高分辨率的GIS数据替换USGS地形数据,对WRF中的3种城市冠层方案进行了两天的模拟。结果表明：（1）在不采用城市冠层方案时模拟的气温场和风场效果较差,2 m气温模拟值与观测值的均方差达到32℃;（2）在10个城市站点2 m气温的模拟中,BEP+BEM、BEP、UCM方案与观测值的模拟值与观测值的均方差为13℃、14℃、21℃,UCM方案相对较差,BEP+BEM方案最好;（3）在10 m风速的模拟中,单层方案结果偏大,两种多层方案与观测值有较好的一致性,二者差别较小。3种方案都能模拟出大致的风向     

The Three Gorges Project in Figures

Abstact

Ecological city is the advanced mode of harmonious development of city. Constant improvement is being made in the development of ecological city. However, building ecological city is an enormous project that calls for a huge amount of capital. The government fund is far from adequate. This paper probes into the fund issue and discusses in detail the mechanism of investment and financing in building ecological city from various aspects such as diversification of the investment subjects and the modes of financing.     

Local Area Quotas for Industrial Emissions along Reaches of the Pearl River in Guangdong

Abstract

There is an obvious departure from the regional equilibrium of developments between the upper and lower reaches of the Pearl River in Guangdong, which resulted in “the effects of contra-geography-grads development”. It is mainly because the upriver mountainous areas have been deeply stuck in industrialization delay and marginalization plights, so that nearly 40 million local people have conceived a dream to get rid of “the vicious circle of poverty” by speeding up industrial development. But the problem is that such industrialization efforts on a large scale in mountainous areas are encountering the bottleneck of environmental capacity that strictly limits industrial emissions along the upper reaches of any water system. As a solution, an institutional arrangement called “the Local Area Quotas for Industrial Emis-sions along the Pearl River” is put forward supposed to give corresponding compensation to the rights of industrial development yielded by some areas with lower environmental capacity through the distribution and trading of IDQs.     

Industrial layout reconstruction,the role of local government and variation of pollution distribution in China

ABSTRACT

In recent years, high-polluting industries have been gradually shifted from the eastern developed regions to the central and western underdeveloped regions in China. Certain environmental regulations have been in place accordingly in various regions, but the pollution in the central and western regions has risen sharply. Based on the data of interprovincial panel in China from 2006 to 2015, this paper calculates high-pollution industry dynamic agglomeration index, environmental pollution agglomeration index and relative environmental regulation intensity index, and uses Generalized Method of Moments to carry out the regression analyses of the whole samples, regional heterogeneity and temporal heterogeneity. The results show that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between relative environmental regulation and environmental pollution concentration in China. The concentration degrees of industrial wastewater pollution and industrial waste gas pollution are deepened, which are mainly caused by the transfer of highly polluting industries. However, the concentration of industrial solid waste pollution caused by the transfer is not obvious. Furthermore, the deepening of industrialization intensifies the concentration of regional environmental pollution. Environmental Kuznets Curve does exist in China, but it is not significant. The increase of labor cost and quality will reduce the concentration of environmental pollution.     

基于TCM的旅游资源游憩价值评估——以世界文化遗产宏村为例

古村落是一种独特的人文旅游资源,对其游憩价值进行量化评估可为景区(点)的旅游开发和资源保护提供科学依据.基于问卷调查,利用经典的资源价值评估方法--旅行费用法对宏村古村落旅游资源2008年的国内游憩价值进行了核算,结果为23593.14万元,在此基础上对TCM的核算过程进行了评价.